我如何分裂一个字符串与多个分隔符在JavaScript?

我试图拆分逗号和空格,但AFAIK JavaScript的split()函数只支持一个分隔符。


当前回答

例如,如果你在String 07:05:45PM中使用了split and replace

var hour = time.replace("PM", "").split(":");

结果

[ '07', '05', '45' ]

其他回答

我很惊讶没有人建议它,但我的hack-ey(疯狂的快速)解决方案是附加几个“替换”调用之前由相同的字符分裂。

即删除a, b, c, d和e:

let str = 'afgbfgcfgdfgefg'
let array = str.replace('a','d').replace('b','d').replace('c','d').replace('e','d').split('d')

这可以方便地概括为一个拆分器数组,如下:

function splitByMany( manyArgs, string ) {
  do {
    let arg = manyArgs.pop()
    string = string.replace(arg, manyArgs[0])
  } while (manyArgs.length > 2)
  return string.split(manyArgs[0])
}

因此,在您的情况下,您可以调用

let array = splitByMany([" ", ","], 'My long string containing commas, and spaces, and more commas');

传入一个regexp作为参数:

js> "Hello awesome, world!".split(/[\s,]+/)
Hello,awesome,world!

编辑补充:

你可以通过选择数组的长度减去1来获得最后一个元素:

>>> bits = "Hello awesome, world!".split(/[\s,]+/)
["Hello", "awesome", "world!"]
>>> bit = bits[bits.length - 1]
"world!"

... 如果模式不匹配:

>>> bits = "Hello awesome, world!".split(/foo/)
["Hello awesome, world!"]
>>> bits[bits.length - 1]
"Hello awesome, world!"

我不知道RegEx的性能如何,但这里有另一个RegEx的替代方案,它利用了本机HashSet,并在O(max(str)中工作。长度,delimeter.length))

var multiSplit = function(str,delimiter){
    if (!(delimiter instanceof Array))
        return str.split(delimiter);
    if (!delimiter || delimiter.length == 0)
        return [str];
    var hashSet = new Set(delimiter);
    if (hashSet.has(""))
        return str.split("");
    var lastIndex = 0;
    var result = [];
    for(var i = 0;i<str.length;i++){
        if (hashSet.has(str[i])){
            result.push(str.substring(lastIndex,i));
            lastIndex = i+1;
        }
    }
    result.push(str.substring(lastIndex));
    return result;
}

multiSplit('1,2,3.4.5.6 7 8 9',[',','.',' ']);
// Output: ["1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"]

multiSplit('1,2,3.4.5.6 7 8 9',' ');
// Output: ["1,2,3.4.5.6", "7", "8", "9"]

从@stephen-sweriduk解决方案开始(这对我来说更有趣!),我对它进行了轻微的修改,使其更加通用和可重用:

/**
 * Adapted from: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/650022/how-do-i-split-a-string-with-multiple-separators-in-javascript
*/
var StringUtils = {

  /**
   * Flatten a list of strings
   * http://rosettacode.org/wiki/Flatten_a_list
   */
  flatten : function(arr) {
    var self=this;
    return arr.reduce(function(acc, val) {
        return acc.concat(val.constructor === Array ? self.flatten(val) : val);
    },[]);
  },

  /**
   * Recursively Traverse a list and apply a function to each item
   * @param list array
   * @param expression Expression to use in func
   * @param func function of (item,expression) to apply expression to item
   *
   */
  traverseListFunc : function(list, expression, index, func) {
    var self=this;
    if(list[index]) {
        if((list.constructor !== String) && (list[index].constructor === String))
            (list[index] != func(list[index], expression)) ? list[index] = func(list[index], expression) : null;
        (list[index].constructor === Array) ? self.traverseListFunc(list[index], expression, 0, func) : null;
        (list.constructor === Array) ? self.traverseListFunc(list, expression, index+1, func) : null;
    }
  },

  /**
   * Recursively map function to string
   * @param string
   * @param expression Expression to apply to func
   * @param function of (item, expressions[i])
   */
  mapFuncToString : function(string, expressions, func) {
    var self=this;
    var list = [string];
    for(var i=0, len=expressions.length; i<len; i++) {
        self.traverseListFunc(list, expressions[i], 0, func);
    }
    return self.flatten(list);
  },

  /**
   * Split a string
   * @param splitters Array of characters to apply the split
   */
  splitString : function(string, splitters) {
    return this.mapFuncToString(string, splitters, function(item, expression) {
      return item.split(expression);
    })
  },

}

然后

var stringToSplit = "people and_other/things";
var splitList = [" ", "_", "/"];
var splittedString=StringUtils.splitString(stringToSplit, splitList);
console.log(splitList, stringToSplit, splittedString);

归还原物的:

[ ' ', '_', '/' ] 'people and_other/things' [ 'people', 'and', 'other', 'things' ]

我认为如果你指定你想要保留什么,而不是你想要删除什么,会更容易。

如果你只想要英语单词,你可以这样用:

text.match(/[a-z'\-]+/gi);

示例(运行片段):

var R=[/[a-z'\-]+/gi,/[a-z'\-\s]+/gi]; var s=document.getElementById('s'); for(var i=0;i<R.length;i++) { var o=document.createElement('option'); o.innerText=R[i]+''; o.value=i; s.appendChild(o); } var t=document.getElementById('t'); var r=document.getElementById('r'); s.onchange=function() { r.innerHTML=''; var x=s.value; if((x>=0)&&(x<R.length)) x=t.value.match(R[x]); for(i=0;i<x.length;i++) { var li=document.createElement('li'); li.innerText=x[i]; r.appendChild(li); } } <textarea id="t" style="width:70%;height:12em">even, test; spider-man But saying o'er what I have said before: My child is yet a stranger in the world; She hath not seen the change of fourteen years, Let two more summers wither in their pride, Ere we may think her ripe to be a bride. —Shakespeare, William. The Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet</textarea> <p><select id="s"> <option selected>Select a regular expression</option> <!-- option value="1">/[a-z'\-]+/gi</option> <option value="2">/[a-z'\-\s]+/gi</option --> </select></p> <ol id="r" style="display:block;width:auto;border:1px inner;overflow:scroll;height:8em;max-height:10em;"></ol> </div>