我将为这样的函数提供一个经典的实现。代码可以在几乎所有版本的JavaScript中运行，并且在某种程度上是最优的。

它不使用正则表达式，这很难维护 它没有使用JavaScript的新特性 它不使用需要更多计算机内存的多次.split() .join()调用

只是纯代码:

var text = "Create a function, that will return an array (of string), with the words inside the text";

println(getWords(text));

function getWords(text)
{
    let startWord = -1;
    let ar = [];

    for(let i = 0; i <= text.length; i++)
    {
        let c = i < text.length ? text[i] : " ";

        if (!isSeparator(c) && startWord < 0)
        {
            startWord = i;
        }

        if (isSeparator(c) && startWord >= 0)
        {
            let word = text.substring(startWord, i);
            ar.push(word);

            startWord = -1;
        }
    }

    return ar;
}

function isSeparator(c)
{
    var separators = [" ", "\t", "\n", "\r", ",", ";", ".", "!", "?", "(", ")"];
    return separators.includes(c);
}

你可以看到代码在playground中运行: https://codeguppy.com/code.html?IJI0E4OGnkyTZnoszAzf

不是最好的方法，但适用于使用多个和不同的分隔符/分隔符进行分割

html

<button onclick="myFunction()">Split with Multiple and Different seperators/delimiters</button>
<p id="demo"></p>

javascript

<script>
function myFunction() {

 var str = "How : are | you doing : today?";
 var res = str.split(' | ');

 var str2 = '';
 var i;
 for (i = 0; i < res.length; i++) { 
    str2 += res[i];
    
    if (i != res.length-1) {
      str2 += ",";
    }
 }
 var res2 = str2.split(' : ');

 //you can add countless options (with or without space)

 document.getElementById("demo").innerHTML = res2;
}
</script>

我使用regexp:

str =  'Write a program that extracts from a given text all palindromes, e.g. "ABBA", "lamal", "exe".';

var strNew = str.match(/\w+/g);

// Output: ["Write", "a", "program", "that", "extracts", "from", "a", "given", "text", "all", "palindromes", "e", "g", "ABBA", "lamal", "exe"]

在Github上查看我的简单库

如果你真的不想访问或与repo交互，下面是工作代码:

/**
 * 
 * @param {type} input The string input to be split
 * @param {type} includeTokensInOutput If true, the tokens are retained in the splitted output.
 * @param {type} tokens The tokens to be employed in splitting the original string.
 * @returns {Scanner}
 */
function Scanner(input, includeTokensInOutput, tokens) {
    this.input = input;
    this.includeTokensInOutput = includeTokensInOutput;
    this.tokens = tokens;
}

Scanner.prototype.scan = function () {
    var inp = this.input;

    var parse = [];
    this.tokens.sort(function (a, b) {
        return b.length - a.length; //ASC, For Descending order use: b - a
    });
    for (var i = 0; i < inp.length; i++) {


        for (var j = 0; j < this.tokens.length; j++) {

            var token = this.tokens[j];
            var len = token.length;
            if (len > 0 && i + len <= inp.length) {
                var portion = inp.substring(i, i + len);
                if (portion === token) {
                    if (i !== 0) {//avoid empty spaces
                        parse[parse.length] = inp.substring(0, i);
                    }
                    if (this.includeTokensInOutput) {
                        parse[parse.length] = token;
                    }
                    inp = inp.substring(i + len);
                    i = -1;
                    break;
                }

            }

        }

    }
    if (inp.length > 0) {
          parse[parse.length] = inp;
    }

    return parse;


};

用法很简单:

    var tokens = new Scanner("ABC+DE-GHIJK+LMNOP", false , new Array('+','-')).scan();

console.log(tokens); 

给:

['ABC', 'DE', 'GHIJK', 'LMNOP']

如果您希望在输出中包含分隔令牌(+和-)，将false设置为true，瞧!它仍然有效。

现在的用法是:

var tokens = new Scanner("ABC+DE-GHIJK+LMNOP", true , new Array('+','-')).scan();

and

console.log(tokens);

将:

['ABC', '+', 'DE', '-', 'GHIJK', '+', 'LMNOP']

享受吧!

对于那些希望在拆分函数中进行更多自定义的人，我编写了一个递归算法，它使用要拆分的字符列表拆分给定的字符串。在我看到上面的帖子之前，我写了这篇文章。我希望它能帮助一些沮丧的程序员。

splitString = function(string, splitters) {
    var list = [string];
    for(var i=0, len=splitters.length; i<len; i++) {
        traverseList(list, splitters[i], 0);
    }
    return flatten(list);
}

traverseList = function(list, splitter, index) {
    if(list[index]) {
        if((list.constructor !== String) && (list[index].constructor === String))
            (list[index] != list[index].split(splitter)) ? list[index] = list[index].split(splitter) : null;
        (list[index].constructor === Array) ? traverseList(list[index], splitter, 0) : null;
        (list.constructor === Array) ? traverseList(list, splitter, index+1) : null;    
    }
}

flatten = function(arr) {
    return arr.reduce(function(acc, val) {
        return acc.concat(val.constructor === Array ? flatten(val) : val);
    },[]);
}

var stringToSplit = "people and_other/things";
var splitList = [" ", "_", "/"];
splitString(stringToSplit, splitList);

上面的例子返回:["people"， "and"， "other"， "things"]

注:flatten函数取自Rosetta Code

棘手的方法:

var s = "dasdnk asd, (naks) :d skldma";
var a = s.replace('(',' ').replace(')',' ').replace(',',' ').split(' ');
console.log(a);//["dasdnk", "asd", "naks", ":d", "skldma"]