我使用node-mongodb-native驱动与MongoDB写一个网站。
我有一些关于如何管理连接的问题:
Is it enough using only one MongoDB connection for all requests? Are there any performance issues? If not, can I setup a global connection to use in the whole application?
If not, is it good if I open a new connection when request arrives, and close it when handled the request? Is it expensive to open and close a connection?
Should I use a global connection pool? I hear the driver has a native connection pool. Is it a good choice?
If I use a connection pool, how many connections should be used?
Are there other things I should notice?
Manage mongo connection pools in a single self contained module. This approach provides two benefits. Firstly it keeps your code modular and easier to test. Secondly your not forced to mix your database connection up in your request object which is NOT the place for a database connection object. (Given the nature of JavaScript I would consider it highly dangerous to mix in anything to an object constructed by library code). So with that you only need to Consider a module that exports two methods. connect = () => Promise and get = () => dbConnectionObject.
使用这样的模块，您可以首先连接到数据库
// runs in boot.js or what ever file your application starts with
const db = require('./myAwesomeDbModule');
db.connect()
.then(() => console.log('database connected'))
.then(() => bootMyApplication())
.catch((e) => {
console.error(e);
// Always hard exit on a database connection error
process.exit(1);
});
当你的应用程序运行时，当它需要一个DB连接时，你可以简单地调用get()。
const db = require('./myAwesomeDbModule');
db.get().find(...)... // I have excluded code here to keep the example simple
如果你像下面这样设置你的db模块，你不仅可以确保你的应用程序不会启动，除非你有一个数据库连接，你也有一个全局的方式来访问你的数据库连接池，如果你没有连接，它会出错。
// myAwesomeDbModule.js
let connection = null;
module.exports.connect = () => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
MongoClient.connect(url, option, function(err, db) {
if (err) { reject(err); return; };
resolve(db);
connection = db;
});
});
module.exports.get = () => {
if(!connection) {
throw new Error('Call connect first!');
}
return connection;
}
下面是一些管理MongoDB连接的代码。
var MongoClient = require('mongodb').MongoClient;
var url = require("../config.json")["MongoDBURL"]
var option = {
db:{
numberOfRetries : 5
},
server: {
auto_reconnect: true,
poolSize : 40,
socketOptions: {
connectTimeoutMS: 500
}
},
replSet: {},
mongos: {}
};
function MongoPool(){}
var p_db;
function initPool(cb){
MongoClient.connect(url, option, function(err, db) {
if (err) throw err;
p_db = db;
if(cb && typeof(cb) == 'function')
cb(p_db);
});
return MongoPool;
}
MongoPool.initPool = initPool;
function getInstance(cb){
if(!p_db){
initPool(cb)
}
else{
if(cb && typeof(cb) == 'function')
cb(p_db);
}
}
MongoPool.getInstance = getInstance;
module.exports = MongoPool;
启动服务器时，调用initPool
require("mongo-pool").initPool();
然后在任何其他模块，你可以这样做:
var MongoPool = require("mongo-pool");
MongoPool.getInstance(function (db){
// Query your MongoDB database.
});
这是基于MongoDB文档的。看一看。
Manage mongo connection pools in a single self contained module. This approach provides two benefits. Firstly it keeps your code modular and easier to test. Secondly your not forced to mix your database connection up in your request object which is NOT the place for a database connection object. (Given the nature of JavaScript I would consider it highly dangerous to mix in anything to an object constructed by library code). So with that you only need to Consider a module that exports two methods. connect = () => Promise and get = () => dbConnectionObject.
使用这样的模块，您可以首先连接到数据库
// runs in boot.js or what ever file your application starts with
const db = require('./myAwesomeDbModule');
db.connect()
.then(() => console.log('database connected'))
.then(() => bootMyApplication())
.catch((e) => {
console.error(e);
// Always hard exit on a database connection error
process.exit(1);
});
当你的应用程序运行时，当它需要一个DB连接时，你可以简单地调用get()。
const db = require('./myAwesomeDbModule');
db.get().find(...)... // I have excluded code here to keep the example simple
如果你像下面这样设置你的db模块，你不仅可以确保你的应用程序不会启动，除非你有一个数据库连接，你也有一个全局的方式来访问你的数据库连接池，如果你没有连接，它会出错。
// myAwesomeDbModule.js
let connection = null;
module.exports.connect = () => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
MongoClient.connect(url, option, function(err, db) {
if (err) { reject(err); return; };
resolve(db);
connection = db;
});
});
module.exports.get = () => {
if(!connection) {
throw new Error('Call connect first!');
}
return connection;
}
当Node.js应用程序启动时，打开一个新的连接，并重用现有的db连接对象:
/ server.js
import express from 'express';
import Promise from 'bluebird';
import logger from 'winston';
import { MongoClient } from 'mongodb';
import config from './config';
import usersRestApi from './api/users';
const app = express();
app.use('/api/users', usersRestApi);
app.get('/', (req, res) => {
res.send('Hello World');
});
// Create a MongoDB connection pool and start the application
// after the database connection is ready
MongoClient.connect(config.database.url, { promiseLibrary: Promise }, (err, db) => {
if (err) {
logger.warn(`Failed to connect to the database. ${err.stack}`);
}
app.locals.db = db;
app.listen(config.port, () => {
logger.info(`Node.js app is listening at http://localhost:${config.port}`);
});
});
/api/users.js
import { Router } from 'express';
import { ObjectID } from 'mongodb';
const router = new Router();
router.get('/:id', async (req, res, next) => {
try {
const db = req.app.locals.db;
const id = new ObjectID(req.params.id);
const user = await db.collection('user').findOne({ _id: id }, {
email: 1,
firstName: 1,
lastName: 1
});
if (user) {
user.id = req.params.id;
res.send(user);
} else {
res.sendStatus(404);
}
} catch (err) {
next(err);
}
});
export default router;
来源:如何在Node.js/Express App中打开数据库连接
