我已经读了如何获得一个函数名作为字符串?。
如何对变量做同样的事情呢?与函数相反,Python变量没有__name__属性。
换句话说,如果我有一个变量,比如:
foo = dict()
foo['bar'] = 2
我正在寻找一个函数/属性,例如retrieve_name(),以便从这个列表中创建一个DataFrame in Pandas,其中列名由实际字典的名称给出:
# List of dictionaries for my DataFrame
list_of_dicts = [n_jobs, users, queues, priorities]
columns = [retrieve_name(d) for d in list_of_dicts]
我有一个方法,虽然不是最有效的…它的工作原理!(它不涉及任何花哨的模块)。
基本上,它将你的变量ID与globals()变量ID进行比较,然后返回匹配的名称。
def getVariableName(variable, globalVariables=globals().copy()):
""" Get Variable Name as String by comparing its ID to globals() Variables' IDs
args:
variable(var): Variable to find name for (Obviously this variable has to exist)
kwargs:
globalVariables(dict): Copy of the globals() dict (Adding to Kwargs allows this function to work properly when imported from another .py)
"""
for globalVariable in globalVariables:
if id(variable) == id(globalVariables[globalVariable]): # If our Variable's ID matches this Global Variable's ID...
return globalVariable # Return its name from the Globals() dict
如果目标是帮助您跟踪变量,您可以编写一个简单的函数来标记变量并返回其值和类型。例如,假设i_f=3.01,并将其舍入为一个名为i_n的整数以用于代码,然后需要一个字符串i_s用于报告。
def whatis(string, x):
print(string+' value=',repr(x),type(x))
return string+' value='+repr(x)+repr(type(x))
i_f=3.01
i_n=int(i_f)
i_s=str(i_n)
i_l=[i_f, i_n, i_s]
i_u=(i_f, i_n, i_s)
## make report that identifies all types
report='\n'+20*'#'+'\nThis is the report:\n'
report+= whatis('i_f ',i_f)+'\n'
report+=whatis('i_n ',i_n)+'\n'
report+=whatis('i_s ',i_s)+'\n'
report+=whatis('i_l ',i_l)+'\n'
report+=whatis('i_u ',i_u)+'\n'
print(report)
这将在每次调用时打印到窗口中用于调试,并为书面报告生成一个字符串。唯一的缺点是每次调用函数时都必须输入两次变量。
I am a Python newbie and found this very useful way to log my efforts as I program and try to cope with all the objects in Python. One flaw is that whatis() fails if it calls a function described outside the procedure where it is used. For example, int(i_f) was a valid function call only because the int function is known to Python. You could call whatis() using int(i_f**2), but if for some strange reason you choose to define a function called int_squared it must be declared inside the procedure where whatis() is used.
如果您已经有了一个数据框架列表,如注释中所述,那么将该列表转换为字符串列表是很容易的。
不是从变量列表到字符串,而是用内置的exec函数结合f-strings(假设变量已经赋值,即vel, vol和area是现有pandas数据框架的变量名)走另一条路,将字符串列表到变量:
If:
dfstr_list = [
'vel',
'vol',
'area'
]
这将遍历列表并使用每个dataframe写入excel,并定义sheetname:
for dfstr in dfstr_list:
if dfstr in globals():
exec(f"{dfstr}.to_excel(writer,sheet_name=dfstr)")