只是为了完成，这是谷歌番石榴库的代码。这不是我的代码，但我认为在这个线程中展示它是有价值的。

  /** Maximum loop count when creating temp directories. */
  private static final int TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS = 10000;

  /**
   * Atomically creates a new directory somewhere beneath the system's temporary directory (as
   * defined by the {@code java.io.tmpdir} system property), and returns its name.
   *
   * <p>Use this method instead of {@link File#createTempFile(String, String)} when you wish to
   * create a directory, not a regular file. A common pitfall is to call {@code createTempFile},
   * delete the file and create a directory in its place, but this leads a race condition which can
   * be exploited to create security vulnerabilities, especially when executable files are to be
   * written into the directory.
   *
   * <p>This method assumes that the temporary volume is writable, has free inodes and free blocks,
   * and that it will not be called thousands of times per second.
   *
   * @return the newly-created directory
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the directory could not be created
   */
  public static File createTempDir() {
    File baseDir = new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
    String baseName = System.currentTimeMillis() + "-";

    for (int counter = 0; counter < TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS; counter++) {
      File tempDir = new File(baseDir, baseName + counter);
      if (tempDir.mkdir()) {
        return tempDir;
      }
    }
    throw new IllegalStateException(
        "Failed to create directory within "
            + TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS
            + " attempts (tried "
            + baseName
            + "0 to "
            + baseName
            + (TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS - 1)
            + ')');
  }

只是为了完成，这是谷歌番石榴库的代码。这不是我的代码，但我认为在这个线程中展示它是有价值的。

  /** Maximum loop count when creating temp directories. */
  private static final int TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS = 10000;

  /**
   * Atomically creates a new directory somewhere beneath the system's temporary directory (as
   * defined by the {@code java.io.tmpdir} system property), and returns its name.
   *
   * <p>Use this method instead of {@link File#createTempFile(String, String)} when you wish to
   * create a directory, not a regular file. A common pitfall is to call {@code createTempFile},
   * delete the file and create a directory in its place, but this leads a race condition which can
   * be exploited to create security vulnerabilities, especially when executable files are to be
   * written into the directory.
   *
   * <p>This method assumes that the temporary volume is writable, has free inodes and free blocks,
   * and that it will not be called thousands of times per second.
   *
   * @return the newly-created directory
   * @throws IllegalStateException if the directory could not be created
   */
  public static File createTempDir() {
    File baseDir = new File(System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir"));
    String baseName = System.currentTimeMillis() + "-";

    for (int counter = 0; counter < TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS; counter++) {
      File tempDir = new File(baseDir, baseName + counter);
      if (tempDir.mkdir()) {
        return tempDir;
      }
    }
    throw new IllegalStateException(
        "Failed to create directory within "
            + TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS
            + " attempts (tried "
            + baseName
            + "0 to "
            + baseName
            + (TEMP_DIR_ATTEMPTS - 1)
            + ')');
  }

我也遇到了同样的问题，所以这只是给那些感兴趣的人的另一个答案，它类似于上面的一个:

public static final String tempDir = System.getProperty("java.io.tmpdir")+"tmp"+System.nanoTime();
static {
    File f = new File(tempDir);
    if(!f.exists())
        f.mkdir();
}

对于我的应用程序，我决定添加一个选项来清除退出时的临时，所以我添加了一个关机钩子:

Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {
        @Override
        public void run() {
            //stackless deletion
            String root = MainWindow.tempDir;
            Stack<String> dirStack = new Stack<String>();
            dirStack.push(root);
            while(!dirStack.empty()) {
                String dir = dirStack.pop();
                File f = new File(dir);
                if(f.listFiles().length==0)
                    f.delete();
                else {
                    dirStack.push(dir);
                    for(File ff: f.listFiles()) {
                        if(ff.isFile())
                            ff.delete();
                        else if(ff.isDirectory())
                            dirStack.push(ff.getPath());
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    });

该方法在删除临时文件之前删除所有subdirs和文件，而不使用callstack(这完全是可选的，此时您可以使用递归来完成)，但我想安全起见。

试试这个小例子:

代码:

try {
    Path tmpDir = Files.createTempDirectory("tmpDir");
    System.out.println(tmpDir.toString());
    Files.delete(tmpDir);
} catch (IOException e) {
    e.printStackTrace();
}

进口: java.io.IOException java.nio.file.Files java.nio.file.Path

Windows机器上的控制台输出: C:\Users\userName\AppData\Local\Temp\ tmpDir2908538301081367877

备注: 文件。createTempDirectory自动生成唯一ID - 2908538301081367877。 注意: 阅读以下递归删除目录的方法: 在Java中递归地删除目录

我喜欢创建唯一名称的多次尝试，但即使是这种解决方案也不排除竞争条件。另一个进程可以在exists()和if(newTempDir.mkdirs())方法调用测试之后插入。我不知道如何在不求助于本机代码的情况下完全使其安全，我认为这是隐藏在File.createTempFile()中的内容。

正如您在其他答案中看到的，没有标准的方法出现。 因此你已经提到了Apache Commons，我建议使用Apache Commons IO中的FileUtils来实现以下方法:

/**
 * Creates a temporary subdirectory in the standard temporary directory.
 * This will be automatically deleted upon exit.
 * 
 * @param prefix
 *            the prefix used to create the directory, completed by a
 *            current timestamp. Use for instance your application's name
 * @return the directory
 */
public static File createTempDirectory(String prefix) {

    final File tmp = new File(FileUtils.getTempDirectory().getAbsolutePath()
            + "/" + prefix + System.currentTimeMillis());
    tmp.mkdir();
    Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread() {

        @Override
        public void run() {

            try {
                FileUtils.deleteDirectory(tmp);
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    });
    return tmp;

}

这是首选的，因为apache公共库是最接近所要求的“标准”的库，并且适用于JDK 7和旧版本。这也返回了一个“旧的”文件实例(基于流)，而不是一个“新的”路径实例(基于缓冲区，将是JDK7的getTemporaryDirectory()方法的结果)->因此，当大多数人想要创建临时目录时，它返回了他们需要的东西。