如何在JavaScript中通过引用传递变量?
我有三个变量，我想对它们执行一些操作，所以我想把它们放在一个for循环中，并对每个变量执行操作。
伪代码:
myArray = new Array(var1, var2, var3);
for (var x = 0; x < myArray.length; x++){
// Do stuff to the array
makePretty(myArray[x]);
}
// Now do stuff to the updated variables
最好的方法是什么?
当前回答
通过引用传递变量的变通方法:
var a = 1;
inc = function(variableName) {
window[variableName] += 1;
};
inc('a');
alert(a); // 2
是的，实际上你可以在不访问全局变量的情况下完成:
inc = (function () {
var variableName = 0;
var init = function () {
variableName += 1;
alert(variableName);
}
return init;
})();
inc();
其他回答
其实有一个很好的解决方案:
function updateArray(context, targetName, callback) {
context[targetName] = context[targetName].map(callback);
}
var myArray = ['a', 'b', 'c'];
updateArray(this, 'myArray', item => {return '_' + item});
console.log(myArray); //(3) ["_a", "_b", "_c"]
另一种通过引用传递任何(局部的，基本的)变量的方法是通过eval“动态”地用闭包包装变量。这也适用于“use strict”。(注意:注意eval对JavaScript优化器不友好，并且变量名周围缺少引号可能会导致不可预测的结果)
"use strict"
// Return text that will reference variable by name (by capturing that variable to closure)
function byRef(varName){
return "({get value(){return "+varName+";}, set value(v){"+varName+"=v;}})";
}
// Demo
// Assign argument by reference
function modifyArgument(argRef, multiplier){
argRef.value = argRef.value * multiplier;
}
(function(){
var x = 10;
alert("x before: " + x);
modifyArgument(eval(byRef("x")), 42);
alert("x after: " + x);
})()
现场示例:https://jsfiddle.net/t3k4403w/
如果你想通过引用传递变量，一个更好的方法是通过在对象中传递参数，然后使用window开始更改值:
window["varName"] = value;
例子:
// Variables with first values
var x = 1, b = 0, f = 15;
function asByReference (
argumentHasVars = {}, // Passing variables in object
newValues = []) // Pass new values in array
{
let VarsNames = [];
// Getting variables names one by one
for(let name in argumentHasVars)
VarsNames.push(name);
// Accessing variables by using window one by one
for(let i = 0; i < VarsNames.length; i += 1)
window[VarsNames[i]] = newValues[i]; // Set new value
}
console.log(x, b, f); // Output with first values
asByReference({x, b, f}, [5, 5, 5]); // Passing as by reference
console.log(x, b, f); // Output after changing values
I've been playing around with syntax to do this sort of thing, but it requires some helpers that are a little unusual. It starts with not using 'var' at all, but a simple 'DECLARE' helper that creates a local variable and defines a scope for it via an anonymous callback. By controlling how variables are declared, we can choose to wrap them into objects so that they can always be passed by reference, essentially. This is similar to one of the Eduardo Cuomo's answer above, but the solution below does not require using strings as variable identifiers. Here's some minimal code to show the concept.
function Wrapper(val){
this.VAL = val;
}
Wrapper.prototype.toString = function(){
return this.VAL.toString();
}
function DECLARE(val, callback){
var valWrapped = new Wrapper(val);
callback(valWrapped);
}
function INC(ref){
if(ref && ref.hasOwnProperty('VAL')){
ref.VAL++;
}
else{
ref++;//or maybe throw here instead?
}
return ref;
}
DECLARE(5, function(five){ //consider this line the same as 'let five = 5'
console.log("five is now " + five);
INC(five); // increment
console.log("five is incremented to " + five);
});
我喜欢在JavaScript中解决引用的不足，就像这个例子所显示的那样。
这样做的本质是，您不必尝试创建一个通过引用。相反，您可以使用返回功能，并使其能够返回多个值。因此，不需要在数组或对象中插入值。
var x = "First"; var y = "Second"; var z = "Third"; log('Before call:',x,y,z); with (myFunc(x, y, z)) {x = a; y = b; z = c;} // <-- Way to call it log('After call :',x,y,z); function myFunc(a, b, c) { a = "Changed first parameter"; b = "Changed second parameter"; c = "Changed third parameter"; return {a:a, b:b, c:c}; // <-- Return multiple values } function log(txt,p1,p2,p3) { document.getElementById('msg').innerHTML += txt + '<br>' + p1 + '<br>' + p2 + '<br>' + p3 + '<br><br>' } <div id='msg'></div>
