如何生成一个核心转储在Linux上的分段错误?

我有一个进程在Linux得到一个分割错误。当它失败时，我如何告诉它生成一个核心转储?

当前回答

也许您可以这样做，这个程序演示了如何捕获分段错误并将其外壳传递给调试器(这是AIX下使用的原始代码)，并打印到分段错误发生点的堆栈跟踪。在Linux中，您需要更改sprintf变量以使用gdb。

#include <stdio.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>

static void signal_handler(int);
static void dumpstack(void);
static void cleanup(void);
void init_signals(void);
void panic(const char *, ...);

struct sigaction sigact;
char *progname;

int main(int argc, char **argv) {
    char *s;
    progname = *(argv);
    atexit(cleanup);
    init_signals();
    printf("About to seg fault by assigning zero to *s\n");
    *s = 0;
    sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
    return 0;
}

void init_signals(void) {
    sigact.sa_handler = signal_handler;
    sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
    sigact.sa_flags = 0;
    sigaction(SIGINT, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);

    sigaddset(&sigact.sa_mask, SIGSEGV);
    sigaction(SIGSEGV, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);

    sigaddset(&sigact.sa_mask, SIGBUS);
    sigaction(SIGBUS, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);

    sigaddset(&sigact.sa_mask, SIGQUIT);
    sigaction(SIGQUIT, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);

    sigaddset(&sigact.sa_mask, SIGHUP);
    sigaction(SIGHUP, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);

    sigaddset(&sigact.sa_mask, SIGKILL);
    sigaction(SIGKILL, &sigact, (struct sigaction *)NULL);
}

static void signal_handler(int sig) {
    if (sig == SIGHUP) panic("FATAL: Program hanged up\n");
    if (sig == SIGSEGV || sig == SIGBUS){
        dumpstack();
        panic("FATAL: %s Fault. Logged StackTrace\n", (sig == SIGSEGV) ? "Segmentation" : ((sig == SIGBUS) ? "Bus" : "Unknown"));
    }
    if (sig == SIGQUIT) panic("QUIT signal ended program\n");
    if (sig == SIGKILL) panic("KILL signal ended program\n");
    if (sig == SIGINT) ;
}

void panic(const char *fmt, ...) {
    char buf[50];
    va_list argptr;
    va_start(argptr, fmt);
    vsprintf(buf, fmt, argptr);
    va_end(argptr);
    fprintf(stderr, buf);
    exit(-1);
}

static void dumpstack(void) {
    /* Got this routine from http://www.whitefang.com/unix/faq_toc.html
    ** Section 6.5. Modified to redirect to file to prevent clutter
    */
    /* This needs to be changed... */
    char dbx[160];

    sprintf(dbx, "echo 'where\ndetach' | dbx -a %d > %s.dump", getpid(), progname);
    /* Change the dbx to gdb */

    system(dbx);
    return;
}

void cleanup(void) {
    sigemptyset(&sigact.sa_mask);
    /* Do any cleaning up chores here */
}

您可能必须另外添加一个参数，以便让gdb转储内核，如本文所示。

2010-01-26 13:46:02

其他回答

为了激活核心转储，请执行以下操作:

In /etc/profile comment the line: # ulimit -S -c 0 > /dev/null 2>&1 In /etc/security/limits.conf comment out the line: * soft core 0 execute the cmd limit coredumpsize unlimited and check it with cmd limit: # limit coredumpsize unlimited # limit cputime unlimited filesize unlimited datasize unlimited stacksize 10240 kbytes coredumpsize unlimited memoryuse unlimited vmemoryuse unlimited descriptors 1024 memorylocked 32 kbytes maxproc 528383 # to check if the corefile gets written you can kill the relating process with cmd kill -s SEGV <PID> (should not be needed, just in case no core file gets written this can be used as a check): # kill -s SEGV <PID>

一旦corefile被写入，请确保在相关文件(1./2./3.)中再次禁用coredump设置!

2012-10-19 06:34:37

如上所述，这里提出的真正问题是如何在未启用核心转储的系统上启用它们。这个问题在这里得到了解答。

如果您希望了解如何为挂起进程生成核心转储，那么答案是