我试图在运行时生成一个渐变颜色背景(纯色到透明)的视图。有办法做到吗?


当前回答

因为我只需要一种类型的梯度在我的应用程序,我创建了一个子类的UIView和预配置梯度层初始化固定的颜色。 UIView的初始化器调用configuregradientlayer -方法,它配置CAGradientLayer:

DDGradientView.h:

#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

@interface DDGradientView : UIView {

}
@end

DDGradientView.m:

#import "DDGradientView.h"

@implementation DDGradientView

// Change the views layer class to CAGradientLayer class
+ (Class)layerClass
{
    return [CAGradientLayer class];
}

- (instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder {
    self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder];
    if(self) {
        [self configureGradientLayer];
    }
    return self;
}

- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    self = [super initWithFrame:frame];
    if(self) {
        [self configureGradientLayer];
    }
    return self;
}

// Make custom configuration of your gradient here   
- (void)configureGradientLayer {
    CAGradientLayer *gLayer = (CAGradientLayer *)self.layer;
    gLayer.colors = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:(id)[[UIColor whiteColor] CGColor], (id)[[UIColor lightGrayColor] CGColor], nil];
}
@end

其他回答

基于Yuchen版本的简单swift视图

class GradientView: UIView {
    override class func layerClass() -> AnyClass { return CAGradientLayer.self }

    lazy var gradientLayer: CAGradientLayer = {
        return self.layer as! CAGradientLayer
    }()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        super.init(coder: aDecoder)
    }

}

然后你可以在初始化后使用gradientLayer,像这样…

someView.gradientLayer.colors = [UIColor.whiteColor().CGColor, UIColor.blackColor().CGColor]

你要找的是CAGradientLayer。每个UIView都有一个层-在这个层中你可以添加子层,就像你可以添加子视图一样。一个特定的类型是CAGradientLayer,在这里你给它一个颜色数组来渐变。

一个例子是这个简单的渐变视图包装器:

http://oleb.net/blog/2010/04/obgradientview-a-simple-uiview-wrapper-for-cagradientlayer/

注意,为了访问UIView的所有层部分,你需要包括QuartZCore框架。

extension UIView {

    func applyGradient(isVertical: Bool, colorArray: [UIColor]) { 
        layer.sublayers?.filter({ $0 is CAGradientLayer }).forEach({ $0.removeFromSuperlayer() })
         
        let gradientLayer = CAGradientLayer()
        gradientLayer.colors = colorArray.map({ $0.cgColor })
        if isVertical {
            //top to bottom
            gradientLayer.locations = [0.0, 1.0]
        } else {
            //left to right
            gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPoint(x: 0.0, y: 0.5)
            gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPoint(x: 1.0, y: 0.5)
        }
        
        backgroundColor = .clear
        gradientLayer.frame = bounds
        layer.insertSublayer(gradientLayer, at: 0)
    }

}

使用

someView.applyGradient(isVertical: true, colorArray: [.green, .blue])

我的解决方案是创建具有CAGradientLayer可访问的UIView子类作为只读属性。这将允许你自定义你想要的渐变,你不需要自己处理布局变化。子类实现:

@interface GradientView : UIView

@property (nonatomic, readonly) CAGradientLayer *gradientLayer;

@end

@implementation GradientView

+ (Class)layerClass
{
    return [CAGradientLayer class];
}

- (CAGradientLayer *)gradientLayer
{
    return (CAGradientLayer *)self.layer;
}

@end

用法:

self.iconBackground = [GradientView new];
[self.background addSubview:self.iconBackground];
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.colors = @[(id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor, (id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor];
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.startPoint = CGPointMake(1.0f, 1.0f);
self.iconBackground.gradientLayer.endPoint = CGPointMake(0.0f, 0.0f);

objective - c:

UIView *view = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, 320, 50)];
CAGradientLayer *gradient = [CAGradientLayer layer];

gradient.frame = view.bounds;
gradient.colors = @[(id)[UIColor whiteColor].CGColor, (id)[UIColor blackColor].CGColor];

[view.layer insertSublayer:gradient atIndex:0];

迅速:

let view = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: 320, height: 50))
let gradient = CAGradientLayer()

gradient.frame = view.bounds
gradient.colors = [UIColor.white.cgColor, UIColor.black.cgColor]

view.layer.insertSublayer(gradient, at: 0)

信息:使用startPoint和endPoint改变梯度的方向。

如果有任何其他视图添加到这个UIView(比如一个UILabel),你可能想要考虑设置那些UIView的背景色为[UIColor clearColor],这样渐变视图就会呈现而不是子视图的背景色。使用clearColor会对性能造成轻微的影响。