将Java流过滤为1，并且只有1个元素

我试图使用Java 8流在LinkedList中查找元素。但是，我想保证与筛选条件有且只有一个匹配。

以这段代码为例:

public static void main(String[] args) {

    LinkedList<User> users = new LinkedList<>();
    users.add(new User(1, "User1"));
    users.add(new User(2, "User2"));
    users.add(new User(3, "User3"));

    User match = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() == 1).findAny().get();
    System.out.println(match.toString());
}

static class User {

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return id + " - " + username;
    }

    int id;
    String username;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String username) {
        this.id = id;
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setUsername(String username) {
        this.username = username;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUsername() {
        return username;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
}

这段代码根据用户的ID查找用户。但是不能保证有多少用户匹配过滤器。

更改过滤器行为:

User match = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() < 0).findAny().get();

将抛出一个NoSuchElementException(很好!)

但是，如果有多个匹配，我希望它抛出一个错误。有办法做到这一点吗?

当前回答

其他涉及编写自定义Collector的答案可能更有效(如Louis Wasserman的+1)，但如果你想要简洁，我建议如下:

List<User> result = users.stream()
    .filter(user -> user.getId() == 1)
    .limit(2)
    .collect(Collectors.toList());

然后验证结果列表的大小。

if (result.size() != 1) {
  throw new IllegalStateException("Expected exactly one user but got " + result);
User user = result.get(0);
}

2014-03-28 15:39:23

其他回答

Guava提供了MoreCollectors.onlyElement()，它在这里做正确的事情。但如果你必须自己做，你可以为这个创建自己的Collector:

<E> Collector<E, ?, Optional<E>> getOnly() {
  return Collector.of(
    AtomicReference::new,
    (ref, e) -> {
      if (!ref.compareAndSet(null, e)) {
         throw new IllegalArgumentException("Multiple values");
      }
    },
    (ref1, ref2) -> {
      if (ref1.get() == null) {
        return ref2;
      } else if (ref2.get() != null) {
        throw new IllegalArgumentException("Multiple values");
      } else {
        return ref1;
      }
    },
    ref -> Optional.ofNullable(ref.get()),
    Collector.Characteristics.UNORDERED);
}

…或者使用你自己的Holder类型而不是AtomicReference。您可以尽可能多地重用收集器。

2014-03-27 17:51:16

使用Guava的morecolltors . onlyelement()(源代码)。

如果流包含两个或多个元素，则抛出IllegalArgumentException异常;如果流为空，则抛出NoSuchElementException异常。

用法:

import static com.google.common.collect.MoreCollectors.onlyElement;

User match =
    users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() < 0).collect(onlyElement());

2016-11-11 21:19:48

另一种选择是使用reduction: (本例使用字符串，但可以轻松应用于包括User在内的任何对象类型)

List<String> list = ImmutableList.of("one", "two", "three", "four", "five", "two");
String match = list.stream().filter("two"::equals).reduce(thereCanBeOnlyOne()).get();
//throws NoSuchElementException if there are no matching elements - "zero"
//throws RuntimeException if duplicates are found - "two"
//otherwise returns the match - "one"
...

//Reduction operator that throws RuntimeException if there are duplicates
private static <T> BinaryOperator<T> thereCanBeOnlyOne()
{
    return (a, b) -> {throw new RuntimeException("Duplicate elements found: " + a + " and " + b);};
}

所以对于User的情况，你会有:

User match = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() < 0).reduce(thereCanBeOnlyOne()).get();

2015-05-13 02:01:28

你试过这个吗

long c = users.stream().filter((user) -> user.getId() == 1).count();
if(c > 1){
    throw new IllegalStateException();
}

long count()
Returns the count of elements in this stream. This is a special case of a reduction and is equivalent to:

     return mapToLong(e -> 1L).sum();

This is a terminal operation.

来源:https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/util/stream/Stream.html

2014-03-28 07:03:11

我正在使用这两个收集器:

public static <T> Collector<T, ?, Optional<T>> zeroOrOne() {
    return Collectors.reducing((a, b) -> {
        throw new IllegalStateException("More than one value was returned");
    });
}

public static <T> Collector<T, ?, T> onlyOne() {
    return Collectors.collectingAndThen(zeroOrOne(), Optional::get);
}

2017-05-16 07:15:35

将Java流过滤为1，并且只有1个元素

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