目标器端口说明

# pod file
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata: 
  name: pod_name
  labels: 
     name: pod_ref
spec: 
  containers:
  - name: docker-container
    image: python:3:11
    ports: 
    - containerPort: 5000 # this is the target port which we need to access (target) from service file

---
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata: 
   name: service_config
   labels: 
     name: service_config_ref
spec:
   type: NodePort
   selector:
     name: pod_ref  # same as pod metadata match labels 
     ports:
      - targetPort: 5000 # this is where the pod is listening 
        port: 80 # this is where this service (this file) is going to listen. 
                 # If you call the port 80, it will reach the service, then the service will forward the port to port:5000

@Manikanta P上面给出的答案是正确的。然而，“Port”的解释初读时可能有点不清楚。我将用一个例子来解释:

考虑一个web应用程序，它的静态内容(首页，图像等)由httpd托管，而动态内容(例如。响应请求等)由tomcat托管。Webserver(或静态内容)由httpd在80端口提供，而Appserver(或动态内容)由tomcat在8080端口提供。

开发者想要的:用户应该能够从外部访问web服务器，但不能从外部访问应用服务器。

解决方案:服务中的web服务器的服务类型。yml将是NodePort，而Appserver的service-type在其服务中。yml将是ClusterIP。

webserver的service.yml代码:

spec:
  selector:
    app: Webserver
  type: NodePort        // written to make this service accessible from outside.
  ports:
    - nodePort: 30475   // To access from outside, type <host_IP>:30475 in browser.
      port: 5050        // (ignore for now, I will explain below).
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 80  // port where httpd runs inside the webserver pod.

Appserver的service.yml代码

spec:
  selector:
    app: appserver
  type: ClusterIP        // written to make this service NOT accessible from outside.
  ports:
    - port: 5050         // port to access this container internally
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 8080   // port where tomcat runs inside the appserver pod.

还要注意，在Webserver的httpd.conf文件中，我们将写入将用户请求重定向到应用服务器的IP。这个IP将是:host_IP:5050。

What exactly is happening here? A user writes hostIP:30475 and sees the Webserver's page. This is because it is being served by httpd at port 80 (targetport). When a user clicks a button, a request is made. This request is redirected to the Appserver because in httpd.conf file, the port 5050 is mentioned and this is the port where Appserver's container and Webserver's conatainer communicate internally. When the appserver receives the request, it is able to serve the request because of tomcat running inside it at port 8080.

它帮助我从服务的角度考虑问题。

nodePort:节点上外部流量进入的端口 port:该服务的端口 targetPort pod上转发流量的目标端口

流量从nodePort进入，转发到服务上的port，然后路由到pod上的targetPort。

值得强调的是，nodePort用于外部流量。集群中其他可能需要访问服务的pod将只使用port，而不是nodePort，因为它只在内部访问服务。

另外值得注意的是，如果没有设置targetPort，它将默认为与port相同的值。例如，80:80服务端口80针对集装箱端口80。

“目标端口”是容器正在运行的端口。

端口:端口将流量从服务重定向到容器。

公开部署

  master $ kubectl get deployments
NAME         READY   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE

nginx        1/1     1            1           31s
master $ kubectl expose deployment nginx --name=nginx-svc --port=8080 --target-port=80
service/nginx-svc exposed

master $ kubectl get svc

NAME         TYPE        CLUSTER-IP       EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)    AGE

nginx-svc    ClusterIP   10.107.209.151   <none>        8080/TCP   5s

NodePort:服务对外访问的端口。

希望这是答案。

服务:这将流量引导到一个豆荚。

TargetPort:这是您的应用程序在容器中运行的实际端口。

端口:有时容器中的应用程序在不同的端口上提供不同的服务。

示例:实际应用程序可以运行8080，该应用程序的健康检查可以在容器的8089端口上运行。 因此，如果你点击没有端口的服务，它不知道应该将请求重定向到容器的哪个端口。服务需要有一个映射，这样它才能到达容器的特定端口。

kind: Service
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
  name: my-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: MyApp
  ports:
    - name: http
      nodePort: 30475
      port: 8089
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 8080
    - name: metrics
      nodePort: 31261
      port: 5555
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 5555
    - name: health
      nodePort: 30013
      port: 8443
      protocol: TCP
      targetPort: 8085 

if you hit the my-service:8089 the traffic is routed to 8080 of the container(targetPort). Similarly, if you hit my-service:8443 then it is redirected to 8085 of the container(targetPort). But this myservice:8089 is internal to the kubernetes cluster and can be used when one application wants to communicate with another application. So to hit the service from outside the cluster someone needs to expose the port on the host machine on which kubernetes is running so that the traffic is redirected to a port of the container. This is node port(port exposed on the host machine). From the above example, you can hit the service from outside the cluster(Postman or any rest-client) by host_ip:nodePort

假设您的主机ip为10.10.20.20，您可以通过10.10.20.20:30475、10.10.20.20:31261、10.10.20.20:30013访问http、metrics、运行状况服务。

编辑:根据Raedwald的评论编辑。

这个答案是参考Kubernetes的文档以及其他答案:

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/connect-applications-service/:

targetPort:容器接收流量的端口，

port:是抽象的服务端口，它可以是其他pod用来访问服务的任何端口

https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/services-networking/service/:

Pods中的端口定义有名称，您可以在服务的targetPort属性中引用这些名称。即使服务中有使用单一配置名称的pod的混合物，通过不同的端口号使用相同的网络协议，这种方法也有效。