我还没有弄清楚如何在Swift中获得字符串的子字符串:
var str = “Hello, playground”
func test(str: String) -> String {
return str.substringWithRange( /* What goes here? */ )
}
test (str)
我不能在Swift中创建一个范围。自动完成在游乐场不是超级有用的-这是它的建议:
return str.substringWithRange(aRange: Range<String.Index>)
我在Swift标准参考库中没有找到任何有用的东西。下面是另一个大胆的猜测:
return str.substringWithRange(Range(0, 1))
这:
let r:Range<String.Index> = Range<String.Index>(start: 0, end: 2)
return str.substringWithRange(r)
我看到了其他答案(在Swift字符串中查找字符索引),似乎表明,由于字符串是NSString的桥类型,“旧”方法应该工作,但不清楚如何-例如,这也不工作(似乎不是有效的语法):
let x = str.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(0, 3))
想法吗?
斯威夫特2
简单的
let str = "My String"
let subStr = str[str.startIndex.advancedBy(3)...str.startIndex.advancedBy(7)]
//"Strin"
斯威夫特3
let startIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 3)
let endIndex = str.index(str.startIndex, offsetBy: 7)
str[startIndex...endIndex] // "Strin"
str.substring(to: startIndex) // "My "
str.substring(from: startIndex) // "String"
斯威夫特4
substring(to:)和substring(from:)在Swift 4中已弃用。
String(str[..<startIndex]) // "My "
String(str[startIndex...]) // "String"
String(str[startIndex...endIndex]) // "Strin"
一旦找到正确的语法,它比这里的任何答案都要简单得多。
我想把[和]
let myString = "[ABCDEFGHI]"
let startIndex = advance(myString.startIndex, 1) //advance as much as you like
let endIndex = advance(myString.endIndex, -1)
let range = startIndex..<endIndex
let myNewString = myString.substringWithRange( range )
结果是"ABCDEFGHI"
startIndex和endIndex也可以用在
let mySubString = myString.substringFromIndex(startIndex)
等等!
PS:正如注释中所指出的,在xcode 7和iOS9附带的swift 2中有一些语法变化!
请看这一页
借鉴Rob Napier的经验,我开发了这些常见的字符串扩展,其中两个是:
subscript (r: Range<Int>) -> String
{
get {
let startIndex = advance(self.startIndex, r.startIndex)
let endIndex = advance(self.startIndex, r.endIndex - 1)
return self[Range(start: startIndex, end: endIndex)]
}
}
func subString(startIndex: Int, length: Int) -> String
{
var start = advance(self.startIndex, startIndex)
var end = advance(self.startIndex, startIndex + length)
return self.substringWithRange(Range<String.Index>(start: start, end: end))
}
用法:
"Awesome"[3...7] //"some"
"Awesome".subString(3, length: 4) //"some"