这适用于我的操场:)

String(seq: Array(str)[2...4])

在我写这篇文章的时候，没有一个扩展是完全兼容Swift 4.2的，所以这里有一个涵盖了我能想到的所有需求:

extension String {
    func substring(from: Int?, to: Int?) -> String {
        if let start = from {
            guard start < self.count else {
                return ""
            }
        }

        if let end = to {
            guard end >= 0 else {
                return ""
            }
        }

        if let start = from, let end = to {
            guard end - start >= 0 else {
                return ""
            }
        }

        let startIndex: String.Index
        if let start = from, start >= 0 {
            startIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: start)
        } else {
            startIndex = self.startIndex
        }

        let endIndex: String.Index
        if let end = to, end >= 0, end < self.count {
            endIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: end + 1)
        } else {
            endIndex = self.endIndex
        }

        return String(self[startIndex ..< endIndex])
    }

    func substring(from: Int) -> String {
        return self.substring(from: from, to: nil)
    }

    func substring(to: Int) -> String {
        return self.substring(from: nil, to: to)
    }

    func substring(from: Int?, length: Int) -> String {
        guard length > 0 else {
            return ""
        }

        let end: Int
        if let start = from, start > 0 {
            end = start + length - 1
        } else {
            end = length - 1
        }

        return self.substring(from: from, to: end)
    }

    func substring(length: Int, to: Int?) -> String {
        guard let end = to, end > 0, length > 0 else {
            return ""
        }

        let start: Int
        if let end = to, end - length > 0 {
            start = end - length + 1
        } else {
            start = 0
        }

        return self.substring(from: start, to: to)
    }
}

然后，你可以使用:

let string = "Hello,World!"

字符串。substring(from: 1, to: 7)得到你:ello,Wo

字符串。substring(to: 7)得到你:Hello,Wo

字符串。substring(from: 3)得到你:lo,World!

字符串。子字符串(从:1，长度:4)得到你:ello

字符串。substring(长度:4，到:7)得到你:o,Wo

更新的子字符串(from: Int?， length: Int)支持从零开始。

一旦找到正确的语法，它比这里的任何答案都要简单得多。

我想把[和]

let myString = "[ABCDEFGHI]"
let startIndex = advance(myString.startIndex, 1) //advance as much as you like
let endIndex = advance(myString.endIndex, -1)
let range = startIndex..<endIndex
let myNewString = myString.substringWithRange( range )

结果是"ABCDEFGHI" startIndex和endIndex也可以用在

let mySubString = myString.substringFromIndex(startIndex)

等等!

PS:正如注释中所指出的，在xcode 7和iOS9附带的swift 2中有一些语法变化!

请看这一页

借鉴Rob Napier的经验，我开发了这些常见的字符串扩展，其中两个是:

subscript (r: Range<Int>) -> String
{
    get {
        let startIndex = advance(self.startIndex, r.startIndex)
        let endIndex = advance(self.startIndex, r.endIndex - 1)

        return self[Range(start: startIndex, end: endIndex)]
    }
}

func subString(startIndex: Int, length: Int) -> String
{
    var start = advance(self.startIndex, startIndex)
    var end = advance(self.startIndex, startIndex + length)
    return self.substringWithRange(Range<String.Index>(start: start, end: end))
}

用法:

"Awesome"[3...7] //"some"
"Awesome".subString(3, length: 4) //"some"

由于String是NSString的桥接类型，“旧的”方法应该可以工作，但不清楚如何工作-例如，这也不起作用(似乎不是有效的语法): let x = str.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(0,3))

对我来说，这是你问题中真正有趣的部分。String被桥接到NSString，所以大多数NSString方法直接作用于String。你可以自由地使用它们，不需要思考。例如，这正如你所期望的那样:

// delete all spaces from Swift String stateName
stateName = stateName.stringByReplacingOccurrencesOfString(" ", withString:"")

But, as so often happens, "I got my mojo workin' but it just don't work on you." You just happened to pick one of the rare cases where a parallel identically named Swift method exists, and in a case like that, the Swift method overshadows the Objective-C method. Thus, when you say str.substringWithRange, Swift thinks you mean the Swift method rather than the NSString method — and then you are hosed, because the Swift method expects a Range<String.Index>, and you don't know how to make one of those.

最简单的办法就是阻止霉霉这样做，明确地说:

let x = (str as NSString).substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(0, 3))

注意，这里没有涉及到重大的额外工作。“转换”并不意味着“转换”;String实际上是一个NSString。我们只是告诉Swift为了这一行代码的目的如何看待这个变量。

整个事情中真正奇怪的部分是导致所有这些麻烦的Swift方法是没有记录的。我不知道它的定义是什么;它不在NSString头文件中也不在Swift头文件中。

简单的解决方案，很少的代码。

做一个扩展，包括基本的子字符串，几乎所有其他语言都有:

extension String {
    func subString(start: Int, end: Int) -> String {
        let startIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: start)
        let endIndex = self.index(startIndex, offsetBy: end)

        let finalString = self.substring(from: startIndex)
        return finalString.substring(to: endIndex)
    }
}

简单地用

someString.subString(start: 0, end: 6)