我还没有弄清楚如何在Swift中获得字符串的子字符串:
var str = “Hello, playground”
func test(str: String) -> String {
return str.substringWithRange( /* What goes here? */ )
}
test (str)
我不能在Swift中创建一个范围。自动完成在游乐场不是超级有用的-这是它的建议:
return str.substringWithRange(aRange: Range<String.Index>)
我在Swift标准参考库中没有找到任何有用的东西。下面是另一个大胆的猜测:
return str.substringWithRange(Range(0, 1))
这:
let r:Range<String.Index> = Range<String.Index>(start: 0, end: 2)
return str.substringWithRange(r)
我看到了其他答案(在Swift字符串中查找字符索引)，似乎表明，由于字符串是NSString的桥类型，“旧”方法应该工作，但不清楚如何-例如，这也不工作(似乎不是有效的语法):
let x = str.substringWithRange(NSMakeRange(0, 3))
想法吗?
在我写这篇文章的时候，没有一个扩展是完全兼容Swift 4.2的，所以这里有一个涵盖了我能想到的所有需求:
extension String {
func substring(from: Int?, to: Int?) -> String {
if let start = from {
guard start < self.count else {
return ""
}
}
if let end = to {
guard end >= 0 else {
return ""
}
}
if let start = from, let end = to {
guard end - start >= 0 else {
return ""
}
}
let startIndex: String.Index
if let start = from, start >= 0 {
startIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: start)
} else {
startIndex = self.startIndex
}
let endIndex: String.Index
if let end = to, end >= 0, end < self.count {
endIndex = self.index(self.startIndex, offsetBy: end + 1)
} else {
endIndex = self.endIndex
}
return String(self[startIndex ..< endIndex])
}
func substring(from: Int) -> String {
return self.substring(from: from, to: nil)
}
func substring(to: Int) -> String {
return self.substring(from: nil, to: to)
}
func substring(from: Int?, length: Int) -> String {
guard length > 0 else {
return ""
}
let end: Int
if let start = from, start > 0 {
end = start + length - 1
} else {
end = length - 1
}
return self.substring(from: from, to: end)
}
func substring(length: Int, to: Int?) -> String {
guard let end = to, end > 0, length > 0 else {
return ""
}
let start: Int
if let end = to, end - length > 0 {
start = end - length + 1
} else {
start = 0
}
return self.substring(from: start, to: to)
}
}
然后，你可以使用:
let string = "Hello,World!"
字符串。substring(from: 1, to: 7)得到你:ello,Wo
字符串。substring(to: 7)得到你:Hello,Wo
字符串。substring(from: 3)得到你:lo,World!
字符串。子字符串(从:1，长度:4)得到你:ello
字符串。substring(长度:4，到:7)得到你:o,Wo
更新的子字符串(from: Int?， length: Int)支持从零开始。
