至少在Apache common -io 2.5中，IOUtils.toString()方法支持URI参数，并返回位于类路径上的jar中的文件内容:

IOUtils.toString(SomeClass.class.getResource(...).toURI(), ...)

我使用以下从类路径读取资源文件:

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.URISyntaxException;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class ResourceUtilities
{
    public static String resourceToString(String filePath) throws IOException, URISyntaxException
    {
        try (InputStream inputStream = ResourceUtilities.class.getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream(filePath))
        {
            return inputStreamToString(inputStream);
        }
    }

    private static String inputStreamToString(InputStream inputStream)
    {
        try (Scanner scanner = new Scanner(inputStream).useDelimiter("\\A"))
        {
            return scanner.hasNext() ? scanner.next() : "";
        }
    }
}

不需要第三方依赖。

我创建了这样一个NO-dependency静态方法:

import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;

public class ResourceReader {
    public  static String asString(String resourceFIleName) {
        try  {
            return new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(new CheatClassLoaderDummyClass().getClass().getClassLoader().getResource(resourceFIleName).toURI())));
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
class CheatClassLoaderDummyClass{//cheat class loader - for sql file loading
}

您可以使用下面的Java代码

new String(Files.readAllBytes(Paths.get(getClass().getResource("example.txt").toURI())));

public static byte[] readResoureStream(String resourcePath) throws IOException {
    ByteArrayOutputStream byteArray = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
    InputStream in = CreateBffFile.class.getResourceAsStream(resourcePath);

    //Create buffer
    byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
    for (;;) {
        int nread = in.read(buffer);
        if (nread <= 0) {
            break;
        }
        byteArray.write(buffer, 0, nread);
    }
    return byteArray.toByteArray();
}

Charset charset = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
String content = new   String(FileReader.readResoureStream("/resource/...*.txt"), charset);
String lines[] = content.split("\\n");

是的，Guava在Resources类中提供了这一点。例如:

URL url = Resources.getResource("foo.txt");
String text = Resources.toString(url, StandardCharsets.UTF_8);