我想在JavaScript中使用XMLHttpRequest发送一些数据。
假设我在HTML中有以下表单:
<form name="inputform" action="somewhere" method="post">
<input type="hidden" value="person" name="user">
<input type="hidden" value="password" name="pwd">
<input type="hidden" value="place" name="organization">
<input type="hidden" value="key" name="requiredkey">
</form>
如何在JavaScript中使用XMLHttpRequest编写等效内容?
下面是一个完整的应用程序json解决方案:
// Input values will be grabbed by ID
<input id="loginEmail" type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email">
<input id="loginPassword" type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password">
// return stops normal action and runs login()
<button onclick="return login()">Submit</button>
<script>
function login() {
// Form fields, see IDs above
const params = {
email: document.querySelector('#loginEmail').value,
password: document.querySelector('#loginPassword').value
}
const http = new XMLHttpRequest()
http.open('POST', '/login')
http.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/json')
http.send(JSON.stringify(params)) // Make sure to stringify
http.onload = function() {
// Do whatever with response
alert(http.responseText)
}
}
</script>
确保你的后端API可以解析JSON。
例如,在Express JS中:
import bodyParser from 'body-parser'
app.use(bodyParser.json())
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', 'somewhere', true);
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded');
xhr.onload = function () {
// do something to response
console.log(this.responseText);
};
xhr.send('user=person&pwd=password&organization=place&requiredkey=key');
或者如果你可以指望浏览器的支持,你可以使用FormData:
var data = new FormData();
data.append('user', 'person');
data.append('pwd', 'password');
data.append('organization', 'place');
data.append('requiredkey', 'key');
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('POST', 'somewhere', true);
xhr.onload = function () {
// do something to response
console.log(this.responseText);
};
xhr.send(data);
这帮助我,因为我想只使用xmlHttpRequest和post对象作为表单数据:
function sendData(data) {
var XHR = new XMLHttpRequest();
var FD = new FormData();
// Push our data into our FormData object
for(name in data) {
FD.append(name, data[name]);
}
// Set up our request
XHR.open('POST', 'https://example.com/cors.php');
// Send our FormData object; HTTP headers are set automatically
XHR.send(FD);
}
https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Learn/HTML/Forms/Sending_forms_through_JavaScript
下面是一个完整的应用程序json解决方案:
// Input values will be grabbed by ID
<input id="loginEmail" type="text" name="email" placeholder="Email">
<input id="loginPassword" type="password" name="password" placeholder="Password">
// return stops normal action and runs login()
<button onclick="return login()">Submit</button>
<script>
function login() {
// Form fields, see IDs above
const params = {
email: document.querySelector('#loginEmail').value,
password: document.querySelector('#loginPassword').value
}
const http = new XMLHttpRequest()
http.open('POST', '/login')
http.setRequestHeader('Content-type', 'application/json')
http.send(JSON.stringify(params)) // Make sure to stringify
http.onload = function() {
// Do whatever with response
alert(http.responseText)
}
}
</script>
确保你的后端API可以解析JSON。
例如,在Express JS中:
import bodyParser from 'body-parser'
app.use(bodyParser.json())
短而现代
您可以使用FormData捕获表单输入值并通过fetch发送它们
fetch(form.action, {method:'post', body: new FormData(form)});
function send() {
let form = document.forms['inputform'];
fetch(form.action, {method:'post', body: new FormData(form)});
}
<form name="inputform" action="somewhere" method="post">
<input value="person" name="user">
<input type="hidden" value="password" name="pwd">
<input value="place" name="organization">
<input type="hidden" value="key" name="requiredkey">
</form>
<!-- I remove type="hidden" for some inputs above only for show them --><br>
Look: chrome console>network and click <button onclick="send()">send</button>