首先，正如许多人已经说过的，Git应该跟踪你的.gitignore(因此不应该忽略它)。让我来解释一下原因。

(TL;DR:提交.gitignore文件，并使用全局的.gitignore来忽略由IDE或操作系统创建的文件)

您可能已经知道，Git是一个分布式版本控制系统。这意味着它允许您在不同的版本之间来回切换(即使开发已经分散到不同的分支)，它还允许多个开发人员在同一个项目上工作。

Although tracking your .gitignore also has benefits when you switch between snapshots, the most important reason for committing it is that you'll want to share the file with other developers who are working on the same project. By committing the file into Git, other contributers will automatically get the .gitignore file when they clone the repository, so they won't have to worry about accidentally committing a file that shouldn't be committed (such as log files, cache directories, database credentials, etc.). And if at some point the project's .gitignore is updated, they can simply pull in those changes instead of having to edit the file manually.

当然，会有一些文件和文件夹您想要忽略，但这是特定于您的，并不适用于其他开发人员。但是，这些不应该出现在项目的.gitignore中。还有两个地方可以忽略文件和文件夹:

Files and folders that are created by your operating system or IDE should be placed in a global .gitignore. The benefit is that this .gitignore is applied to all repositories on your computer, so you don't have to repeat this for every repository. And it's not shared with other developers, since they might be using a different operating system and/or IDE. Files that don't belong in the project's .gitignore, nor in the global .gitignore, can be ignored using explicit repository excludes in your_project_directory/.git/info/exclude. This file will not be shared with other developers, and is specific for that single repository

注意以下“问题”有时您想添加目录，但这些目录中没有文件。简单的解决方案是创建一个包含以下内容的.gitignore:

*

这个接缝工作得很好，直到您意识到目录没有添加到存储库(正如预期的那样)。这样做的原因是.gitignore也将被忽略，因此目录是空的。因此，你应该这样做:

*
!.gitignore

导航到git repo的基本目录并执行以下命令:

echo '\\.*' >> .gitignore

所有的点文件都将被忽略，包括讨厌的. ds_store(如果你是在mac上)。

如果有人已经在你的回购中添加了.gitignore，但你想对它做一些更改，并忽略这些更改，请执行以下操作:

Git update-index——assume-unchanged .gitignore

源。

在我的例子中，我想排除一个现有文件。 仅修改。gitignore无效。 我是这样做的:

git rm --cached dirToFile/file.php
vim .gitignore
git commit -a

通过这种方式，我从缓存中清除了我想要排除的文件，并将其添加到.gitignore。

我发现忽略烦人的. ds_store文件的最佳位置是在.git/info/exclude文件中。

当您在IntelliJ中设置git存储库时，它似乎会自动执行此操作。