但对我来说很管用:

#define BYTE_TO_BINARY_PATTERN "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c"
#define BYTE_TO_BINARY(byte)  \
  (byte & 0x80 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x40 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x20 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x10 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x08 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x04 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x02 ? '1' : '0'), \
  (byte & 0x01 ? '1' : '0') 

printf("Leading text "BYTE_TO_BINARY_PATTERN, BYTE_TO_BINARY(byte));

对于多字节类型

printf("m: "BYTE_TO_BINARY_PATTERN" "BYTE_TO_BINARY_PATTERN"\n",
  BYTE_TO_BINARY(m>>8), BYTE_TO_BINARY(m));

不幸的是，你需要所有额外的引号。这种方法存在宏的效率风险(不要将函数作为参数传递给BYTE_TO_BINARY)，但避免了这里的其他一些建议中的内存问题和多次调用strcat。

// m specifies how many of the low bits are shown.
// Replace m with sizeof(n) below for all bits and
// remove it from the parameter list if you like.

void print_binary(unsigned long n, unsigned long m) {
    static char show[3] = "01";
    unsigned long mask = 1ULL << (m-1);
    while(mask) {
        putchar(show[!!(n&mask)]); mask >>= 1;
    }
    putchar('\n');
}

这段代码可以处理64位的需求。 我创建了两个函数:pBin和pBinFill。两者都做同样的事情，但是pBinFill用最后一个参数提供的填充字符填充前导空格。 测试函数生成一些测试数据，然后使用pBinFill函数将其打印出来。

#define kDisplayWidth 64

char* pBin(long int x,char *so)
{
  char s[kDisplayWidth+1];
  int i = kDisplayWidth;
  s[i--] = 0x00;  // terminate string
  do {  // fill in array from right to left
    s[i--] = (x & 1) ? '1' : '0';  // determine bit
    x >>= 1;  // shift right 1 bit
  } while (x > 0);
  i++;  // point to last valid character
  sprintf(so, "%s", s+i);  // stick it in the temp string string
  return so;
}

char* pBinFill(long int x, char *so, char fillChar)
{
  // fill in array from right to left
  char s[kDisplayWidth+1];
  int i = kDisplayWidth;
  s[i--] = 0x00;  // terminate string
  do {  // fill in array from right to left
    s[i--] = (x & 1) ? '1' : '0';
    x >>= 1;  // shift right 1 bit
  } while (x > 0);
  while (i >= 0) s[i--] = fillChar;  // fill with fillChar 
  sprintf(so, "%s", s);
  return so;
}

void test()
{
  char so[kDisplayWidth+1];  // working buffer for pBin
  long int val = 1;
  do {
    printf("%ld =\t\t%#lx =\t\t0b%s\n", val, val, pBinFill(val, so, '0'));
    val *= 11;  // generate test data
  } while (val < 100000000);
}

输出:

00000001 =  0x000001 =  0b00000000000000000000000000000001
00000011 =  0x00000b =  0b00000000000000000000000000001011
00000121 =  0x000079 =  0b00000000000000000000000001111001
00001331 =  0x000533 =  0b00000000000000000000010100110011
00014641 =  0x003931 =  0b00000000000000000011100100110001
00161051 =  0x02751b =  0b00000000000000100111010100011011
01771561 =  0x1b0829 =  0b00000000000110110000100000101001
19487171 = 0x12959c3 =  0b00000001001010010101100111000011

下面是我对unsigned int的处理方法

void printb(unsigned int v) {
    unsigned int i, s = 1<<((sizeof(v)<<3)-1); // s = only most significant bit at 1
    for (i = s; i; i>>=1) printf("%d", v & i || 0 );
}

接下来将向您展示内存布局:

#include <limits>
#include <iostream>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

template<class T> string binary_text(T dec, string byte_separator = " ") {
    char* pch = (char*)&dec;
    string res;
    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(T); i++) {
        for (int j = 1; j < 8; j++) {
            res.append(pch[i] & 1 ? "1" : "0");
            pch[i] /= 2;
        }
        res.append(byte_separator);
    }
    return res;
}

int main() {
    cout << binary_text(5) << endl;
    cout << binary_text(.1) << endl;

    return 0;
}

glibc中通常没有二进制转换说明符。

在glibc中，可以向printf()函数家族添加自定义转换类型。有关详细信息，请参阅register_printf_function。如果可以简化应用程序代码，您可以添加自定义%b转换供自己使用。

下面是如何在glibc中实现自定义printf格式的示例。