我可以用printf打印十六进制或八进制数字。是否有格式标签打印为二进制或任意基数?

我正在运行gcc。

printf("%d %x %o\n", 10, 10, 10); //prints "10 A 12\n"
printf("%b\n", 10); // prints "%b\n"

当前回答

至于我,我为此编写了一些通用代码

#include<stdio.h>
void int2bin(int n, int* bin, int* bin_size, const int  bits);

int main()
{
    char ch;
    ch = 'A';
    int binary[32];
    int binary_size = 0;
    
    int2bin(1324, binary, &binary_size, 32);
    for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
    {
        printf("%d  ", binary[i]);
    }
    
    
    return 0;
}

void int2bin(int n, int* bin,int *bin_size,const int  bits)
{
    int i = 0;
    int temp[64];
    for (int j = 0; j < 64; j++)
    {
        temp[j] = 0;
    }
    for (int l = 0; l < bits; l++)
    {
        bin[l] = 0;
    }

    while (n > 0)
    {
        temp[i] = n % 2;
        n = n / 2;
        i++;
    }
    *bin_size = i;

    //reverse modulus values
    for (int k = 0; k < *bin_size; k++)
    {
        bin[bits-*bin_size+k] = temp[*bin_size - 1 - k];
    }
}

其他回答

即使是支持%b的运行时库,它似乎也只适用于整数值。

如果您想打印二进制的浮点值,我写了一些代码,您可以在http://www.exploringbinary.com/converting-floating-point-numbers-to-binary-strings-in-c/上找到。

/* Convert an int to it's binary representation */

char *int2bin(int num, int pad)
{
 char *str = malloc(sizeof(char) * (pad+1));
  if (str) {
   str[pad]='\0';
   while (--pad>=0) {
    str[pad] = num & 1 ? '1' : '0';
    num >>= 1;
   }
  } else {
   return "";
  }
 return str;
}

/* example usage */

printf("The number 5 in binary is %s", int2bin(5, 4));
/* "The number 5 in binary is 0101" */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <conio.h>

void main()
{
    clrscr();
    printf("Welcome\n\n\n");
    unsigned char x='A';
    char ch_array[8];
    for(int i=0; x!=0; i++)
    {
        ch_array[i] = x & 1;
        x = x >>1;
    }
    for(--i; i>=0; i--)
        printf("%d", ch_array[i]);

    getch();
}

根据@William Whyte的回答,这是一个提供int8、16,32和64版本的宏,重用int8宏以避免重复。

/* --- PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY macro's --- */
#define PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT8 "%c%c%c%c%c%c%c%c"
#define PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT8(i)    \
    (((i) & 0x80ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x40ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x20ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x10ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x08ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x04ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x02ll) ? '1' : '0'), \
    (((i) & 0x01ll) ? '1' : '0')

#define PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT16 \
    PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT8              PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT8
#define PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT16(i) \
    PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT8((i) >> 8),   PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT8(i)
#define PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT32 \
    PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT16             PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT16
#define PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT32(i) \
    PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT16((i) >> 16), PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT16(i)
#define PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT64    \
    PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT32             PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT32
#define PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT64(i) \
    PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT32((i) >> 32), PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT32(i)
/* --- end macros --- */

#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
    long long int flag = 1648646756487983144ll;
    printf("My Flag "
           PRINTF_BINARY_PATTERN_INT64 "\n",
           PRINTF_BYTE_TO_BINARY_INT64(flag));
    return 0;
}

这个输出:

My Flag 0001011011100001001010110111110101111000100100001111000000101000

为了可读性,你可能需要为eg添加分隔符:

My Flag 00010110,11100001,00101011,01111101,01111000,10010000,11110000,00101000

还有一种想法是将数字转换为十六进制格式,然后将每个十六进制密码解码为四个“位”(1和0)。Sprintf可以为我们做位操作:

const char* binary(int n) {
  static const char binnums[16][5] = { "0000","0001","0010","0011",
    "0100","0101","0110","0111","1000","1001","1010","1011","1100","1101","1110","1111" };
  static const char* hexnums = "0123456789abcdef";
  static char inbuffer[16], outbuffer[4*16];
  const char *i;
  sprintf(inbuffer,"%x",n); // hexadecimal n -> inbuffer
  for(i=inbuffer; *i!=0; ++i) { // for each hexadecimal cipher
    int d = strchr(hexnums,*i) - hexnums; // store its decimal value to d
    char* o = outbuffer+(i-inbuffer)*4; // shift four characters in outbuffer
    sprintf(o,"%s",binnums[d]); // place binary value of d there
  }
  return strchr(outbuffer,'1'); // omit leading zeros
}

puts(binary(42)); // outputs 101010