我可以用printf打印十六进制或八进制数字。是否有格式标签打印为二进制或任意基数?

我正在运行gcc。

printf("%d %x %o\n", 10, 10, 10); //prints "10 A 12\n"
printf("%b\n", 10); // prints "%b\n"

当前回答

void PrintBinary( int Value, int Places, char* TargetString)
{
    int Mask;

    Mask = 1 << Places;

    while( Places--) {
        Mask >>= 1; /* Preshift, because we did one too many above */
        *TargetString++ = (Value & Mask)?'1':'0';
    }
    *TargetString = 0; /* Null terminator for C string */
}

调用函数“拥有”字符串…:

char BinaryString[17];
...
PrintBinary( Value, 16, BinaryString);
printf( "yadda yadda %s yadda...\n", BinaryString);

取决于您的CPU, PrintBinary中的大多数操作呈现给一个或很少几个机器指令。

其他回答

之前发布的答案都不是我想要的,所以我写了一个。在printf中使用%B是超级简单的!

/*
 * File:   main.c
 * Author: Techplex.Engineer
 *
 * Created on February 14, 2012, 9:16 PM
 */

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <printf.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <string.h>

static int printf_arginfo_M(const struct printf_info *info, size_t n, int *argtypes)
{
    /* "%M" always takes one argument, a pointer to uint8_t[6]. */
    if (n > 0) {
        argtypes[0] = PA_POINTER;
    }
    return 1;
}

static int printf_output_M(FILE *stream, const struct printf_info *info, const void *const *args)
{
    int value = 0;
    int len;

    value = *(int **) (args[0]);

    // Beginning of my code ------------------------------------------------------------
    char buffer [50] = "";  // Is this bad?
    char buffer2 [50] = "";  // Is this bad?
    int bits = info->width;
    if (bits <= 0)
        bits = 8;  // Default to 8 bits

    int mask = pow(2, bits - 1);
    while (mask > 0) {
        sprintf(buffer, "%s", ((value & mask) > 0 ? "1" : "0"));
        strcat(buffer2, buffer);
        mask >>= 1;
    }
    strcat(buffer2, "\n");
    // End of my code --------------------------------------------------------------
    len = fprintf(stream, "%s", buffer2);
    return len;
}

int main(int argc, char** argv)
{
    register_printf_specifier('B', printf_output_M, printf_arginfo_M);

    printf("%4B\n", 65);

    return EXIT_SUCCESS;
}
void PrintBinary( int Value, int Places, char* TargetString)
{
    int Mask;

    Mask = 1 << Places;

    while( Places--) {
        Mask >>= 1; /* Preshift, because we did one too many above */
        *TargetString++ = (Value & Mask)?'1':'0';
    }
    *TargetString = 0; /* Null terminator for C string */
}

调用函数“拥有”字符串…:

char BinaryString[17];
...
PrintBinary( Value, 16, BinaryString);
printf( "yadda yadda %s yadda...\n", BinaryString);

取决于您的CPU, PrintBinary中的大多数操作呈现给一个或很少几个机器指令。

下面是一个不受重入性问题或参数大小/类型限制的函数版本:

#define FMT_BUF_SIZE (CHAR_BIT*sizeof(uintmax_t)+1)

char *binary_fmt(uintmax_t x, char buf[static FMT_BUF_SIZE])
{
    char *s = buf + FMT_BUF_SIZE;
    *--s = 0;
    if (!x) *--s = '0';
    for (; x; x /= 2) *--s = '0' + x%2;
    return s;
}

请注意,这段代码适用于2到10之间的任何底数,只要将2替换为所需的底数。用法是:

char tmp[FMT_BUF_SIZE];
printf("%s\n", binary_fmt(x, tmp));

其中x是任意的积分表达式。

/* Convert an int to it's binary representation */

char *int2bin(int num, int pad)
{
 char *str = malloc(sizeof(char) * (pad+1));
  if (str) {
   str[pad]='\0';
   while (--pad>=0) {
    str[pad] = num & 1 ? '1' : '0';
    num >>= 1;
   }
  } else {
   return "";
  }
 return str;
}

/* example usage */

printf("The number 5 in binary is %s", int2bin(5, 4));
/* "The number 5 in binary is 0101" */

Use:

char buffer [33];
itoa(value, buffer, 2);
printf("\nbinary: %s\n", buffer);

有关更多参考,请参见如何通过printf打印二进制数。