Although I generally agree that the named arguments approach is useful and flexible (unless you care about the order, in which case arguments is easiest), I do have concerns about the cost of the mbeasley approach (using defaults and extends). This is an extreme amount of cost to take for pulling default values. First, the defaults are defined inside the function, so they are repopulated on every call. Second, you can easily read out the named values and set the defaults at the same time using ||. There is no need to create and merge yet another new object to get this information.

function load(context) {
   var parameter1 = context.parameter1 || defaultValue1,
       parameter2 = context.parameter2 || defaultValue2;

   // do stuff
}

这是大致相同数量的代码(可能稍微多一点)，但应该是运行时成本的一小部分。

当然，只要使用arguments对象。

function foo() {
  for (var i = 0; i < arguments.length; i++) {
    console.log(arguments[i]);
  }
}

在函数中使用arguments对象可以访问传入的所有参数。

Although I generally agree that the named arguments approach is useful and flexible (unless you care about the order, in which case arguments is easiest), I do have concerns about the cost of the mbeasley approach (using defaults and extends). This is an extreme amount of cost to take for pulling default values. First, the defaults are defined inside the function, so they are repopulated on every call. Second, you can easily read out the named values and set the defaults at the same time using ||. There is no need to create and merge yet another new object to get this information.

function load(context) {
   var parameter1 = context.parameter1 || defaultValue1,
       parameter2 = context.parameter2 || defaultValue2;

   // do stuff
}

这是大致相同数量的代码(可能稍微多一点)，但应该是运行时成本的一小部分。

我同意Ken的回答，因为他是最有活力的，我想更进一步。如果它是一个你用不同的参数多次调用的函数-我使用Ken的设计，但随后添加默认值:

function load(context) {

    var defaults = {
        parameter1: defaultValue1,
        parameter2: defaultValue2,
        ...
    };

    var context = extend(defaults, context);

    // do stuff
}

这样，如果您有很多参数，但不一定需要在每次调用函数时设置它们，您可以简单地指定非默认值。对于extend方法，你可以使用jQuery的extend方法($.extend())，自己制作或使用以下方法:

function extend() {
    for (var i = 1; i < arguments.length; i++)
        for (var key in arguments[i])
            if (arguments[i].hasOwnProperty(key))
                arguments[0][key] = arguments[i][key];
    return arguments[0];
}

这将合并上下文对象和默认值，并用默认值填充对象中任何未定义的值。

在(大多数)最新的浏览器中，您可以使用以下语法接受可变数量的参数:

function my_log(...args) {
     // args is an Array
     console.log(args);
     // You can pass this array as parameters to another function
     console.log(...args);
}

这里有一个小例子:

function foo(x, ...args) {
  console.log(x, args, ...args, arguments);
}

foo('a', 'b', 'c', z='d')

=>

a
Array(3) [ "b", "c", "d" ]
b c d
Arguments
​    0: "a"
    ​1: "b"
    ​2: "c"
    ​3: "d"
    ​length: 4

文档和更多示例请访问:https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Functions/rest_parameters