立即终止整个进程组，就像^C一样:

PID="$(pgrep -f unique_command_line_part)"
if [[ -n "$PID" ]]
then
    PGID="$(ps --no-headers -p $PID -o pgid)"
    kill -SIGINT -- -${PGID// /}
fi

每一行都在这个答案中进行了解释

谢谢你们的智慧。我的脚本在退出时留下了一些子进程，而否定提示使事情变得更容易。我写这个函数是为了在其他脚本中使用:

# kill my group's subprocesses:          killGroup
# kill also myself:                      killGroup -x
# kill another group's subprocesses:     killGroup N  
# kill that group all:                   killGroup -x N
# N: PID of the main process (= process group ID).

function killGroup () {
    local prid mainpid
    case $1 in
        -x) [ -n "$2" ] && kill -9 -$2 || kill -9 -$$ ;;
        "") mainpid=$$ ;;
         *) mainpid=$1 ;;
    esac
    prid=$(ps ax -o pid,pgid | grep $mainpid)
    prid=${prid//$mainpid/}
    kill -9 $prid 2>/dev/null
    return
}

欢呼。

使用进程组ID (PGID)杀死属于同一进程树的所有进程

使用默认信号(TERM = 15) 使用信号kill (9)

您可以从同一进程树的任何进程id (PID)中检索PGID

杀- - - $ (ps - o pgid = $ PID | grep - o '[0 - 9] * ')(信号) $(ps -o pgid= $PID | grep -o '[0-9]*')(信号kill)

特别感谢tanager和Speakus对$PID剩余空间和OSX兼容性的贡献。

解释

kill -9 -"$PGID" => Send signal 9 (KILL) to all child and grandchild... PGID=$(ps opgid= "$PID") => Retrieve the Process-Group-ID from any Process-ID of the tree, not only the Process-Parent-ID. A variation of ps opgid= $PID is ps -o pgid --no-headers $PID where pgid can be replaced by pgrp. But: ps inserts leading spaces when PID is less than five digits and right aligned as noticed by tanager. You can use: PGID=$(ps opgid= "$PID" | tr -d ' ') ps from OSX always print the header, therefore Speakus proposes: PGID="$( ps -o pgid "$PID" | grep [0-9] | tr -d ' ' )" grep -o [0-9]* prints successive digits only (does not print spaces or alphabetical headers).

更多命令行

PGID=$(ps -o pgid= $PID | grep -o [0-9]*)
kill -TERM -"$PGID"  # kill -15
kill -INT  -"$PGID"  # correspond to [CRTL+C] from keyboard
kill -QUIT -"$PGID"  # correspond to [CRTL+\] from keyboard
kill -CONT -"$PGID"  # restart a stopped process (above signals do not kill it)
sleep 2              # wait terminate process (more time if required)
kill -KILL -"$PGID"  # kill -9 if it does not intercept signals (or buggy)

限制

正如davide和Hubert Kario所注意到的，当kill被属于同一棵树的进程调用时，kill在终止整个树的kill之前可能会杀死自己。 因此，请确保使用具有不同process - group - id的进程运行该命令。

很长的故事

> cat run-many-processes.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo "ProcessID=$$ begins ($0)"
./child.sh background &
./child.sh foreground
echo "ProcessID=$$ ends ($0)"

> cat child.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo "ProcessID=$$ begins ($0)"
./grandchild.sh background &
./grandchild.sh foreground
echo "ProcessID=$$ ends ($0)"

> cat grandchild.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo "ProcessID=$$ begins ($0)"
sleep 9999
echo "ProcessID=$$ ends ($0)"

使用'&'在后台运行流程树

> ./run-many-processes.sh &    
ProcessID=28957 begins (./run-many-processes.sh)
ProcessID=28959 begins (./child.sh)
ProcessID=28958 begins (./child.sh)
ProcessID=28960 begins (./grandchild.sh)
ProcessID=28961 begins (./grandchild.sh)
ProcessID=28962 begins (./grandchild.sh)
ProcessID=28963 begins (./grandchild.sh)

> PID=$!                    # get the Parent Process ID
> PGID=$(ps opgid= "$PID")  # get the Process Group ID

> ps fj
 PPID   PID  PGID   SID TTY      TPGID STAT   UID   TIME COMMAND
28348 28349 28349 28349 pts/3    28969 Ss   33021   0:00 -bash
28349 28957 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  \_ /bin/sh ./run-many-processes.sh
28957 28958 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   \_ /bin/sh ./child.sh background
28958 28961 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   |   \_ /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh background
28961 28965 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   |   |   \_ sleep 9999
28958 28963 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   |   \_ /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh foreground
28963 28967 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   |       \_ sleep 9999
28957 28959 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |   \_ /bin/sh ./child.sh foreground
28959 28960 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |       \_ /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh background
28960 28964 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |       |   \_ sleep 9999
28959 28962 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |       \_ /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh foreground
28962 28966 28957 28349 pts/3    28969 S    33021   0:00  |           \_ sleep 9999
28349 28969 28969 28349 pts/3    28969 R+   33021   0:00  \_ ps fj

命令pkill -P $PID不杀死孙子:

> pkill -P "$PID"
./run-many-processes.sh: line 4: 28958 Terminated              ./child.sh background
./run-many-processes.sh: line 4: 28959 Terminated              ./child.sh foreground
ProcessID=28957 ends (./run-many-processes.sh)
[1]+  Done                    ./run-many-processes.sh

> ps fj
 PPID   PID  PGID   SID TTY      TPGID STAT   UID   TIME COMMAND
28348 28349 28349 28349 pts/3    28987 Ss   33021   0:00 -bash
28349 28987 28987 28349 pts/3    28987 R+   33021   0:00  \_ ps fj
    1 28963 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00 /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh foreground
28963 28967 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00  \_ sleep 9999
    1 28962 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00 /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh foreground
28962 28966 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00  \_ sleep 9999
    1 28961 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00 /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh background
28961 28965 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00  \_ sleep 9999
    1 28960 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00 /bin/sh ./grandchild.sh background
28960 28964 28957 28349 pts/3    28987 S    33021   0:00  \_ sleep 9999

命令kill——-$PGID杀死所有进程，包括孙子进程。

> kill --    -"$PGID"  # default signal is TERM (kill -15)
> kill -CONT -"$PGID"  # awake stopped processes
> kill -KILL -"$PGID"  # kill -9 to be sure

> ps fj
 PPID   PID  PGID   SID TTY      TPGID STAT   UID   TIME COMMAND
28348 28349 28349 28349 pts/3    29039 Ss   33021   0:00 -bash
28349 29039 29039 28349 pts/3    29039 R+   33021   0:00  \_ ps fj

结论

我注意到在这个例子中PID和PGID是相等的(28957)。 这就是为什么我一开始觉得杀了。-$PID就够了。但如果进程是在Makefile中生成的，则进程ID与组ID不同。

我认为kill——-$(ps -o pgid= $PID | grep -o[0-9]*)是当从不同的Group ID(另一个进程树)调用时杀死整个进程树的最好的简单技巧。

下面是@zhigang的答案的一个变种，它没有AWK，只依赖于Bash的本地解析可能性:

function killtree {
  kill -STOP "$1"
  ps -e -o pid= -o ppid= | while read -r pid ppid
                           do
                             [[ $ppid = $1 ]] || continue
                             killtree "$pid"  || true # Skip over failures
                           done
  kill -CONT "$1"          
  kill -TERM "$1"
}

它在mac和Linux上都运行得很好。在您不能依赖于管理流程组的情况下——比如在编写测试必须在多个环境中构建的软件的脚本时——这种遍历树技术绝对是有用的。

你没有说你想要杀死的树是否是一个单独的进程组。(如果树是从服务器启动或shell命令行派生出来的，通常会出现这种情况。)您可以使用GNU ps发现进程组，如下所示:

 ps x -o  "%p %r %y %x %c "

如果它是您想要终止的进程组，只需使用kill(1)命令，但不给它一个进程号，而是给它一个组号的负数。例如，要终止5112组中的所有进程，请使用kill -TERM——-5112。

这是我使用bash脚本杀死所有子进程的版本。 它不使用递归，依赖于pgrep命令。

Use

killtree.sh PID SIGNAL

killtrees.sh的内容

#!/bin/bash
PID=$1
if [ -z $PID ];
then
    echo "No pid specified"
fi

PPLIST=$PID
CHILD_LIST=`pgrep -P $PPLIST -d,`

while [ ! -z "$CHILD_LIST" ]
do
    PPLIST="$PPLIST,$CHILD_LIST"
    CHILD_LIST=`pgrep -P $CHILD_LIST -d,`
done

SIGNAL=$2

if [ -z $SIGNAL ]
then
    SIGNAL="TERM"
fi
#do substring from comma to space
kill -$SIGNAL ${PPLIST//,/ }