我得到以下错误:

Exception in thread Thread-3:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 810, in        __bootstrap_inner
self.run()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/threading.py", line 763, in  run
self.__target(*self.__args, **self.__kwargs)
File "/Users/Matthew/Desktop/Skypebot 2.0/bot.py", line 271, in process
info = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 154, in urlopen
return opener.open(url, data, timeout)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 431, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 449, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 409, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1240, in https_open
context=self._context)
File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/2.7/lib/python2.7/urllib2.py", line 1197, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:581)>

下面是导致这个错误的代码:

if input.startswith("!web"):
    input = input.replace("!web ", "")      
    url = "https://domainsearch.p.mashape.com/index.php?name=" + input
    req = urllib2.Request(url, headers={ 'X-Mashape-Key': 'XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX' })
    info = urllib2.urlopen(req).read()
    Message.Chat.SendMessage ("" + info)

我正在使用的API要求我使用HTTPS。我怎样才能让它绕过验证呢?


当前回答

The SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED error could also occur because an Intermediate Certificate is missing in the ca-certificates package on Linux. For example, in my case the intermediate certificate "DigiCert SHA2 Secure Server CA" was missing in the ca-certificates package even though the Firefox browser includes it. You can find out which certificate is missing by directly running the wget command on the URL causing this error. Then you can search for the corresponding link to the CRT file for this certificate from the official website (e.g. https://www.digicert.com/digicert-root-certificates.htm in my case) of the Certificate Authority. Now, to include the certificate that is missing in your case, you may run the below commands using your CRT file download link instead:

wget https://cacerts.digicert.com/DigiCertSHA2SecureServerCA.crt

mv DigiCertSHA2SecureServerCA.crt DigiCertSHA2SecureServerCA.der

openssl x509 -inform DER -outform PEM -in DigiCertSHA2SecureServerCA.der -out DigicertSHA2SecureServerCA.pem.crt

sudo mkdir /usr/share/ca-certificates/extra

sudo cp DigicertSHA2SecureServerCA.pem.crt /usr/share/ca-certificates/extra/

sudo dpkg-reconfigure ca-certificates

在此之后,您可以再次使用wget测试URL,也可以使用python urllib包进行测试。详情请参考:https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ca-certificates/+bug/1795242

其他回答

我有点羞愧地低下头,因为我也遇到了同样的问题,只不过在我的情况下,我点击的URL是有效的,证书是有效的。无效的是我的网络连接。我未能将代理详细信息添加到浏览器(在这种情况下是IE)。这阻止了验证过程的正确进行。 添加了代理细节,我的python非常高兴。

Try

PIP install——trusted.host pypi.python.org packagename

这对我很管用。

在Windows上,Python不会查看系统证书,它使用自己的位于?\lib\site-packages\certifi\cacert.pem的证书。

问题的解决方案:

下载“*”格式的域验证证书。CRT或*pem文件 在编辑器中打开文件并将其内容复制到剪贴板 找到你的cacert。Pem位置:来自请求。导入DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH;打印(DEFAULT_CA_BUNDLE_PATH) 编辑cacert。Pem文件,并将您的域验证证书粘贴在文件的末尾。 保存文件并享受请求!

看一看

/Applications/Python 3.6/Install Certificates.command

您也可以进入Finder中的Applications文件夹,然后单击Certificates.command

我在这里找到了这个

我找到了这个解决方案,在你的源文件开始插入这段代码:

import ssl

try:
   _create_unverified_https_context = ssl._create_unverified_context
except AttributeError:
    # Legacy Python that doesn't verify HTTPS certificates by default
    pass
else:
    # Handle target environment that doesn't support HTTPS verification
    ssl._create_default_https_context = _create_unverified_https_context

这段代码将撤销验证,这样就不会验证ssl证书。