我有一个模板页期望两个表单。如果我只使用一种形式,就像下面这个典型的例子一样:

if request.method == 'POST':
    form = AuthorForm(request.POST,)
    if form.is_valid():
        form.save()
        # do something.
else:
    form = AuthorForm()

然而,如果我想处理多个表单,我如何让视图知道我只提交了其中一个表单,而不是另一个(即它仍然是请求。POST但我只想处理提交发生的形式)?


这是基于答案的解决方案,其中expectedphrase和bannedphrase是不同表单的提交按钮的名称,expectedphraseform和bannedphraseform是表单。

if request.method == 'POST':
    if 'bannedphrase' in request.POST:
        bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(request.POST, prefix='banned')
        if bannedphraseform.is_valid():
            bannedphraseform.save()
        expectedphraseform = ExpectedPhraseForm(prefix='expected')
    elif 'expectedphrase' in request.POST:
        expectedphraseform = ExpectedPhraseForm(request.POST, prefix='expected')
        if expectedphraseform.is_valid():
            expectedphraseform.save() 
        bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(prefix='banned')
else:
    bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(prefix='banned')
    expectedphraseform = ExpectedPhraseForm(prefix='expected')

当前回答

我需要在同一页面上独立验证多个表单。我忽略的关键概念是:1)使用表单前缀作为提交按钮名称;2)无界表单不会触发验证。如果它对其他人有帮助,这里是我使用TemplateView的两个表单AForm和BForm的简化示例,基于@adam-nelson和@daniel-sokolowski的回答和@zeraien (https://stackoverflow.com/a/17303480/2680349):)的评论

# views.py
def _get_form(request, formcls, prefix):
    data = request.POST if prefix in request.POST else None
    return formcls(data, prefix=prefix)

class MyView(TemplateView):
    template_name = 'mytemplate.html'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return self.render_to_response({'aform': AForm(prefix='aform_pre'), 'bform': BForm(prefix='bform_pre')})

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        aform = _get_form(request, AForm, 'aform_pre')
        bform = _get_form(request, BForm, 'bform_pre')
        if aform.is_bound and aform.is_valid():
            # Process aform and render response
        elif bform.is_bound and bform.is_valid():
            # Process bform and render response
        return self.render_to_response({'aform': aform, 'bform': bform})

# mytemplate.html
<form action="" method="post">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ aform.as_p }}
    <input type="submit" name="{{aform.prefix}}" value="Submit" />
    {{ bform.as_p }}
    <input type="submit" name="{{bform.prefix}}" value="Submit" />
</form>

其他回答

根据@ybendana的回答:

同样,我们使用is_bound来检查表单是否能够进行验证。请参阅文档的这一部分:

绑定和未绑定的表单 Form实例可以绑定到一组数据,也可以不绑定。 如果它绑定到一组数据,它就能够验证该数据并将表单呈现为HTML,并在HTML中显示数据。 如果未绑定,则不能进行验证(因为没有数据要验证!),但仍然可以将空白表单呈现为HTML。

我们为表单对象和它们的详细信息使用元组列表,这允许更多的可扩展性和更少的重复。

但是,我们没有重写get(),而是重写get_context_data(),从而将一个新的空白表单实例(带前缀)插入到响应中作为任何请求的默认操作。在POST请求的上下文中,我们重写POST()方法以:

使用前缀检查每个表单是否已经提交 验证已提交的表单 使用cleaned_data处理有效的表单 通过覆盖上下文数据向响应返回任何无效表单

# views.py

class MultipleForms(TemplateResponseMixin, ContextMixin, View):

    form_list = [ # (context_key, formcls, prefix)
        ("form_a", FormA, "prefix_a"),
        ("form_b", FormB, "prefix_b"),
        ("form_c", FormC, "prefix_c"),
        ...
        ("form_x", FormX, "prefix_x"),
    ]

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super().get_context_data(**kwargs)
        # Add blank forms to context with prefixes
        for context_key, formcls, prefix in self.form_list:
            context[context_key] = formcls(prefix=prefix)
        return context

    def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        # Get object and context
        self.object = self.get_object()
        context = self.get_context_data(object=self.object)
        # Process forms
        for context_key, formcls, prefix in self.form_list:
            if prefix in request.POST:
                # Get the form object with prefix and pass it the POST data to \
                # validate and clean etc.
                form = formcls(request.POST, prefix=prefix)
                if form.is_bound:
                    # If the form is bound (i.e. it is capable of validation)  \
                    # check the validation
                    if form.is_valid():
                        # call the form's save() method or do whatever you     \
                        # want with form.cleaned_data
                        form.save()
                    else:
                        # overwrite context data for this form so that it is   \
                        # returned to the page with validation errors
                        context[context_key] = form
        # Pass context back to render_to_response() including any invalid forms
        return self.render_to_response(context)
        

这种方法允许在同一页面上重复表单条目,我发现@ybendana的答案并不适用。

我相信,将这个方法折叠到一个Mixin类中,将form_list对象作为一个属性,并像上面那样挂钩get_context_data()和post(),不会有更多的工作。

编辑:这个已经存在了。请参阅此存储库。

注: 这个方法需要TemplateResponseMixin来实现render_to_response(),需要ContextMixin来实现get_context_data()。要么使用这些mixin,要么使用源自它们的CBV。

一个供将来参考的方法是这样的。禁止的短语形式是第一个,期望的短语形式是第二个。如果第一个被击中,第二个就会被跳过(在这种情况下这是一个合理的假设):

if request.method == 'POST':
    bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(request.POST, prefix='banned')
    if bannedphraseform.is_valid():
        bannedphraseform.save()
else:
    bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(prefix='banned')

if request.method == 'POST' and not bannedphraseform.is_valid():
    expectedphraseform = ExpectedPhraseForm(request.POST, prefix='expected')
    bannedphraseform = BannedPhraseForm(prefix='banned')
    if expectedphraseform.is_valid():
        expectedphraseform.save()

else:
    expectedphraseform = ExpectedPhraseForm(prefix='expected')

如果你正在使用基于类的视图和不同的“动作”attrs方法,我的意思是

在这两个表单的操作中放入不同的url。然后你会有两个不同的视图函数来处理这两个不同的表单。

你可以使用重载get_context_data方法,e.x轻松处理来自不同表单的错误:

views.py:

class LoginView(FormView):
    form_class = AuthFormEdited
    success_url = '/'
    template_name = 'main/index.html'

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(LoginView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    ....

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(LoginView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['login_view_in_action'] = True
        return context

class SignInView(FormView):
    form_class = SignInForm
    success_url = '/'
    template_name = 'main/index.html'

    def dispatch(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
        return super(SignInView, self).dispatch(request, *args, **kwargs)

    .....

    def get_context_data(self, **kwargs):
        context = super(SignInView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
        context['login_view_in_action'] = False
        return context

模板:

<div class="login-form">
<form action="/login/" method="post" role="form">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% if login_view_in_action %}
        {% for e in form.non_field_errors %}
            <div class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissable">
                {{ e }}
                <a class="panel-close close" data-dismiss="alert">×</a>
            </div>
        {% endfor %}
    {% endif %}
    .....
    </form>
</div>

<div class="signin-form">
<form action="/registration/" method="post" role="form">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {% if not login_view_in_action %}
        {% for e in form.non_field_errors %}
            <div class="alert alert-danger alert-dismissable">
                {{ e }}
                <a class="panel-close close" data-dismiss="alert">×</a>
            </div>
        {% endfor %}
    {% endif %}
   ....
  </form>
</div>

观点:

class AddProductView(generic.TemplateView):
template_name = 'manager/add_product.html'

    def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    form = ProductForm(self.request.GET or None, prefix="sch")
    sub_form = ImageForm(self.request.GET or None, prefix="loc")
    context = super(AddProductView, self).get_context_data(**kwargs)
    context['form'] = form
    context['sub_form'] = sub_form
    return self.render_to_response(context)

def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs):
    form = ProductForm(request.POST,  prefix="sch")
    sub_form = ImageForm(request.POST, prefix="loc")
    ...

模板:

{% block container %}
<div class="container">
    <br/>
    <form action="{% url 'manager:add_product' %}" method="post">
        {% csrf_token %}
        {{ form.as_p }}
        {{ sub_form.as_p }}
        <p>
            <button type="submit">Submit</button>
        </p>
    </form>
</div>
{% endblock %}

这有点晚了,但这是我找到的最好的解决办法。您为表单名称及其类创建了一个查找字典,还必须添加一个属性来标识表单,并且在视图中必须使用form.formlabel将其作为一个隐藏字段添加。

# form holder
form_holder = {
    'majeur': {
        'class': FormClass1,
    },
    'majsoft': {
        'class': FormClass2,
    },
    'tiers1': {
        'class': FormClass3,
    },
    'tiers2': {
        'class': FormClass4,
    },
    'tiers3': {
        'class': FormClass5,
    },
    'tiers4': {
        'class': FormClass6,
    },
}

for key in form_holder.keys():
    # If the key is the same as the formlabel, we should use the posted data
    if request.POST.get('formlabel', None) == key:
        # Get the form and initate it with the sent data
        form = form_holder.get(key).get('class')(
            data=request.POST
        )

        # Validate the form
        if form.is_valid():
            # Correct data entries
            messages.info(request, _(u"Configuration validée."))

            if form.save():
                # Save succeeded
                messages.success(
                    request,
                    _(u"Données enregistrées avec succès.")
                )
            else:
                # Save failed
                messages.warning(
                    request,
                    _(u"Un problème est survenu pendant l'enregistrement "
                      u"des données, merci de réessayer plus tard.")
                )
        else:
            # Form is not valid, show feedback to the user
            messages.error(
                request,
                _(u"Merci de corriger les erreurs suivantes.")
            )
    else:
        # Just initiate the form without data
        form = form_holder.get(key).get('class')(key)()

    # Add the attribute for the name
    setattr(form, 'formlabel', key)

    # Append it to the tempalte variable that will hold all the forms
    forms.append(form)

我希望这将在未来有所帮助。