好的，我找到了。

Apt-cache policy <package name>将显示版本详细信息。

它还显示当前安装的版本以及可安装的版本。

例如，apt-cache策略hylafax+

另外，apt-show-versions包(单独安装)解析关于已安装内容的dpkg信息，并告诉您包是否为最新的。

例子……

sudo apt-show-versions --regex chrome

输出:

google-chrome-stable/stable upgradeable from 32.0.1700.102-1 to 35.0.1916.114-1
xserver-xorg-video-openchrome/quantal-security uptodate 1:0.3.1-0ubuntu1.12.10.1

下面的方法可能效果不错:

aptitude versions ^hylafax+

多看天赋(8)

Apt-cache policy <package-name> .使用实例

$ apt-cache policy redis-server
redis-server:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 2:2.8.4-2
  Version table:
     2:2.8.4-2 0
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty/universe amd64 Packages

Apt-get install -s <package-name>

$ apt-get install -s redis-server
NOTE: This is only a simulation!
      apt-get needs root privileges for real execution.
      Keep also in mind that locking is deactivated,
      so don't depend on the relevance to the real current situation!
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
The following extra packages will be installed:
  libjemalloc1 redis-tools
The following NEW packages will be installed:
  libjemalloc1 redis-server redis-tools
0 upgraded, 3 newly installed, 0 to remove and 3 not upgraded.
Inst libjemalloc1 (3.5.1-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])
Inst redis-tools (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])
Inst redis-server (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])
Conf libjemalloc1 (3.5.1-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])
Conf redis-tools (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])
Conf redis-server (2:2.8.4-2 Ubuntu:14.04/trusty [amd64])

Apt-cache show <package-name>

$ apt-cache show redis-server
Package: redis-server
Priority: optional
Section: universe/misc
Installed-Size: 744
Maintainer: Ubuntu Developers <ubuntu-devel-discuss@lists.ubuntu.com>
Original-Maintainer: Chris Lamb <lamby@debian.org>
Architecture: amd64
Source: redis
Version: 2:2.8.4-2
Depends: libc6 (>= 2.14), libjemalloc1 (>= 2.1.1), redis-tools (= 2:2.8.4-2), adduser
Filename: pool/universe/r/redis/redis-server_2.8.4-2_amd64.deb
Size: 267446
MD5sum: 066f3ce93331b876b691df69d11b7e36
SHA1: f7ffbf228cc10aa6ff23ecc16f8c744928d7782e
SHA256: 2d273574f134dc0d8d10d41b5eab54114dfcf8b716bad4e6d04ad8452fe1627d
Description-en: Persistent key-value database with network interface
 Redis is a key-value database in a similar vein to memcache but the dataset
 is non-volatile. Redis additionally provides native support for atomically
 manipulating and querying data structures such as lists and sets.
 .
 The dataset is stored entirely in memory and periodically flushed to disk.
Description-md5: 9160ed1405585ab844f8750a9305d33f
Homepage: http://redis.io/
Bugs: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+filebug
Origin: Ubunt

DPKG -l <package-name>

$ dpkg -l nginx
Desired=Unknown/Install/Remove/Purge/Hold
| Status=Not/Inst/Conf-files/Unpacked/halF-conf/Half-inst/trig-aWait/Trig-pend
|/ Err?=(none)/Reinst-required (Status,Err: uppercase=bad)
||/ Name                                     Version                   Architecture              Description
+++-========================================-=========================-=========================-=====================================================================================
ii  nginx                                    1.6.2-1~trusty            amd64                     high performance web server

正如在其他地方发布的，这也是有效的:

Apt-cache Madison <package_name> .使用实例

此外，根据手册页:

apt-cache showpkg <package_name>

也可用于:

...display information about the packages listed on the command line. Remaining arguments are package names. The available versions and reverse dependencies of each package listed are listed, as well as forward dependencies for each version. Forward (normal) dependencies are those packages upon which the package in question depends; reverse dependencies are those packages that depend upon the package in question. Thus, forward dependencies must be satisfied for a package, but reverse dependencies need not be.

例子:

apt-cache policy conky

conky:
  Installed: (none)
  Candidate: 1.10.3-1
  Version table:
     1.10.3-1 500
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/universe amd64 Packages
        500 http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu yakkety/universe i386 Packages

在debian上:

apt list --upgradable

给出包含包、要升级的版本和包的实际版本的列表。

结果:

base-files/stable 8+deb8u8 amd64 [upgradable from: 8+deb8u7]
bind9-host/stable 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u11 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u9]
ca-certificates/stable 20141019+deb8u3 all [upgradable from: 20141019+deb8u2]
certbot/jessie-backports 0.10.2-1~bpo8+1 all [upgradable from: 0.8.1-2~bpo8+1]
dnsutils/stable 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u11 amd64 [upgradable from: 1:9.9.5.dfsg-9+deb8u9]

apt policy <package>

在短

Linux Mint, Debian 9, Ubuntu 16.04及更老版本:

短信息:

apt policy <package_name>

详细信息(与描述和视情况而定):

apt show <package_name>

你也可以简单地做常规的apt-get更新，然后，按照手册，做:

apt-get -V升级

-V显示详细版本号

它将显示当前包与将以类似于下面的格式升级的包:

~# sudo apt-get -V upgrade
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Calculating upgrade... Done
The following packages will be upgraded:
   curl (7.38.0-4+deb8u14 => 7.38.0-4+deb8u15)
   php5 (5.6.40+dfsg-0+deb8u2 => 5.6.40+dfsg-0+deb8u3)
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 12.0 MB of archives.
After this operation, 567 kB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] 

在通过apt-get或apt安装时使用-V选项。您可以创建别名apt="apt -V"，以避免每次都手动输入。

例子:

# apt -V install podman
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
The following additional packages will be installed:
   aardvark-dns (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs28.7)
   catatonit (0.1.7-1)
   conmon (2:2.1.4-0ubuntu22.04+obs13.12)
   containers-common (4:1-0ubuntu22.04+obs16.8)
   criu (3.16.1-2)
   crun (1.6-0ubuntu22.04+obs46.9)
   fuse-overlayfs (1.9-0ubuntu22.04+obs18.9)
   libnet1 (1.1.6+dfsg-3.1build3)
   libprotobuf-c1 (1.3.3-1ubuntu2.1)
   libprotobuf23 (3.12.4-1ubuntu7)
   libslirp0 (4.6.1-1build1)
   libyajl2 (2.1.0-3build2)
   netavark (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs21.7)
   podman-gvproxy (4:4.3.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs63.8)
   python3-protobuf (3.12.4-1ubuntu7)
   slirp4netns (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs10.11)
   uidmap (1:4.8.1-2ubuntu2)
Suggested packages:
   qemu-user-static (1:6.2+dfsg-2ubuntu6.5)
The following NEW packages will be installed:
   aardvark-dns (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs28.7)
   catatonit (0.1.7-1)
   conmon (2:2.1.4-0ubuntu22.04+obs13.12)
   containers-common (4:1-0ubuntu22.04+obs16.8)
   criu (3.16.1-2)
   crun (1.6-0ubuntu22.04+obs46.9)
   fuse-overlayfs (1.9-0ubuntu22.04+obs18.9)
   libnet1 (1.1.6+dfsg-3.1build3)
   libprotobuf-c1 (1.3.3-1ubuntu2.1)
   libprotobuf23 (3.12.4-1ubuntu7)
   libslirp0 (4.6.1-1build1)
   libyajl2 (2.1.0-3build2)
   netavark (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs21.7)
   podman (4:4.3.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs63.8)
   podman-gvproxy (4:4.3.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs63.8)
   python3-protobuf (3.12.4-1ubuntu7)
   slirp4netns (1.2.0-0ubuntu22.04+obs10.11)
   uidmap (1:4.8.1-2ubuntu2)
0 upgraded, 18 newly installed, 0 to remove and 40 not upgraded.
Need to get 41.5 MB of archives.
After this operation, 125 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n]