如何在不使用第三方库的情况下使用Node.js下载文件?
我不需要什么特别的东西。我只想从给定的URL下载文件,然后将其保存到给定的目录。
如何在不使用第三方库的情况下使用Node.js下载文件?
我不需要什么特别的东西。我只想从给定的URL下载文件,然后将其保存到给定的目录。
当前回答
Vince Yuan的代码很棒,但似乎有问题。
function download(url, dest, callback) {
var file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
var request = http.get(url, function (response) {
response.pipe(file);
file.on('finish', function () {
file.close(callback); // close() is async, call callback after close completes.
});
file.on('error', function (err) {
fs.unlink(dest); // Delete the file async. (But we don't check the result)
if (callback)
callback(err.message);
});
});
}
其他回答
说到处理错误,监听请求错误甚至更好。我甚至会通过检查响应代码来验证。这里认为只有200个响应代码成功,但其他代码可能很好。
const fs = require('fs');
const http = require('http');
const download = (url, dest, cb) => {
const file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
const request = http.get(url, (response) => {
// check if response is success
if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
return cb('Response status was ' + response.statusCode);
}
response.pipe(file);
});
// close() is async, call cb after close completes
file.on('finish', () => file.close(cb));
// check for request error too
request.on('error', (err) => {
fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
});
file.on('error', (err) => { // Handle errors
fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
});
};
尽管这段代码相对简单,但我建议使用request模块,因为它处理更多http不支持的协议(你好,HTTPS!)。
可以这样做:
const fs = require('fs');
const request = require('request');
const download = (url, dest, cb) => {
const file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
const sendReq = request.get(url);
// verify response code
sendReq.on('response', (response) => {
if (response.statusCode !== 200) {
return cb('Response status was ' + response.statusCode);
}
sendReq.pipe(file);
});
// close() is async, call cb after close completes
file.on('finish', () => file.close(cb));
// check for request errors
sendReq.on('error', (err) => {
fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
});
file.on('error', (err) => { // Handle errors
fs.unlink(dest, () => cb(err.message)); // delete the (partial) file and then return the error
});
};
编辑:
要使它与https兼容,请更改
const http = require('http');
to
const http = require('https');
const download = (url, path) => new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
http.get(url, response => {
const statusCode = response.statusCode;
if (statusCode !== 200) {
return reject('Download error!');
}
const writeStream = fs.createWriteStream(path);
response.pipe(writeStream);
writeStream.on('error', () => reject('Error writing to file!'));
writeStream.on('finish', () => writeStream.close(resolve));
});}).catch(err => console.error(err));
不要忘记处理错误!下面的代码是基于Augusto Roman的回答。
var http = require('http');
var fs = require('fs');
var download = function(url, dest, cb) {
var file = fs.createWriteStream(dest);
var request = http.get(url, function(response) {
response.pipe(file);
file.on('finish', function() {
file.close(cb); // close() is async, call cb after close completes.
});
}).on('error', function(err) { // Handle errors
fs.unlink(dest); // Delete the file async. (But we don't check the result)
if (cb) cb(err.message);
});
};
2022年底编辑:
Node v18及以上版本自带自带的Fetch API支持。使用它。
最初的回答:
对于支持承诺的节点,与其他答案相比,一个简单的(部分)Fetch API的Node shim只需要少量额外的代码:
const fs = require(`fs`);
const http = require(`http`);
const https = require(`https`);
module.exports = function fetch(url) {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
const data = [];
const client = url.startsWith("https") ? https : http;
client
.request(url, (res) => {
res.on(`data`, (chunk) => data.push(chunk));
res.on(`end`, () => {
const asBytes = Buffer.concat(data);
const asString = asBytes.toString(`utf8`);
resolve({
arrayBuffer: async () => asBytes,
json: async () => JSON.parse(asString),
text: async () => asString,
});
});
res.on(`error`, (e) => reject(e));
})
.end();
});
};
你可以用它来做任何你需要的事情,使用普通的fetch语法:
const fetch = require(`./tiny-fetch.js`);
fetch(`https://placekitten.com/200/300`)
.then(res => res.arrayBuffer())
.then(bytes => fs.writeFileSync(`kitten.jpg`, bytes))
.catch(e => console.error(e));
fetch(`https://jsonplaceholder.typicode.com/todos/1`)
.then(res => res.json())
.then(obj => console.log(obj))
.catch(e => console.error(e));
// etc.
路径:img 类型:JPG 随机函数
function resim(url) {
var http = require("http");
var fs = require("fs");
var sayi = Math.floor(Math.random()*10000000000);
var uzanti = ".jpg";
var file = fs.createWriteStream("img/"+sayi+uzanti);
var request = http.get(url, function(response) {
response.pipe(file);
});
return sayi+uzanti;
}