自动化git拉取所需的分支: 例如:./pull.sh "origin/main"

pull.sh

#!/bin/bash

UPSTREAM=${1:-'@{u}'}
DIFFCOMM=$(git fetch origin --quiet; git rev-list HEAD..."$UPSTREAM" --count)
if [ "$DIFFCOMM" -gt 0 ]; then
  echo "Pulling $UPSTREAM";
  git pull;
else
  echo "Up-to-date";
fi

我建议你去看看脚本https://github.com/badele/gitcheck。我编写了这个脚本，用于一次性检查所有Git存储库，它显示了谁没有提交，谁没有推/拉。

下面是一个示例结果:

下面是一个Bash一行代码，比较了当前分支的HEAD提交哈希和它的远程上游分支，不需要大量的git获取或git拉取——需要干运行操作:

[ $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $(git ls-remote $(git rev-parse --abbrev-ref @{u} | \
sed 's/\// /g') | cut -f1) ] && echo up to date || echo not up to date

以下是这条有点密集的线是如何被分解的:

Commands are grouped and nested using $(x) Bash command-substitution syntax. git rev-parse --abbrev-ref @{u} returns an abbreviated upstream ref (e.g. origin/master), which is then converted into space-separated fields by the piped sed command, e.g. origin master. This string is fed into git ls-remote which returns the head commit of the remote branch. This command will communicate with the remote repository. The piped cut command extracts just the first field (the commit hash), removing the tab-separated reference string. git rev-parse HEAD returns the local commit hash. The Bash syntax [ a = b ] && x || y completes the one-liner: this is a Bash string-comparison = within a test construct [ test ], followed by and-list and or-list constructs && true || false.

命令

git ls-remote origin -h refs/heads/master

将列出远程上的当前头—您可以将其与以前的值进行比较，或者查看您的本地回购中是否有SHA。

因为尼尔的回答对我帮助很大，这里是一个没有依赖关系的Python翻译:

import os
import logging
import subprocess

def check_for_updates(directory:str) -> None:
    """Check git repo state in respect to remote"""
    git_cmd = lambda cmd: subprocess.run(
        ["git"] + cmd,
        cwd=directory,
        stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
        check=True,
        universal_newlines=True).stdout.rstrip("\n")

    origin = git_cmd(["config", "--get", "remote.origin.url"])
    logging.debug("Git repo origin: %r", origin)
    for line in git_cmd(["fetch"]):
        logging.debug(line)
    local_sha = git_cmd(["rev-parse", "@"])
    remote_sha = git_cmd(["rev-parse", "@{u}"])
    base_sha = git_cmd(["merge-base", "@", "@{u}"])
    if local_sha == remote_sha:
        logging.info("Repo is up to date")
    elif local_sha == base_sha:
        logging.info("You need to pull")
    elif remote_sha == base_sha:
        logging.info("You need to push")
    else:
        logging.info("Diverged")

check_for_updates(os.path.dirname(__file__))

hth

如果这是一个脚本，你可以使用:

git fetch
$(git rev-parse HEAD) == $(git rev-parse @{u})

(注意:与之前的答案相比，这个答案的好处是您不需要单独的命令来获取当前的分支名称。“HEAD”和“@{u}”(当前分支的上游)负责处理它。详见“git rev-parse——help”。)