当使用未连接到控制台的程序时，它可能无法正常工作，因为当您认为拥有退出代码时，该应用程序可能仍在运行。 在c++中这样做的解决方案如下:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "tchar.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "shellapi.h"

int _tmain( int argc, TCHAR *argv[] )
{

    CString cmdline(GetCommandLineW());
    cmdline.TrimLeft('\"');
    CString self(argv[0]);
    self.Trim('\"');
    CString args = cmdline.Mid(self.GetLength()+1);
    args.TrimLeft(_T("\" "));
    printf("Arguments passed: '%ws'\n",args);
    STARTUPINFO si;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

    ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
    si.cb = sizeof(si);
    ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );

    if( argc < 2 )
    {
        printf("Usage: %s arg1,arg2....\n", argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }

    CString strCmd(args);
    // Start the child process. 
    if( !CreateProcess( NULL,   // No module name (use command line)
        (LPTSTR)(strCmd.GetString()),        // Command line
        NULL,           // Process handle not inheritable
        NULL,           // Thread handle not inheritable
        FALSE,          // Set handle inheritance to FALSE
        0,              // No creation flags
        NULL,           // Use parent's environment block
        NULL,           // Use parent's starting directory 
        &si,            // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
        &pi )           // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure
    ) 
    {
        printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d)\n", GetLastError() );
        return GetLastError();
    }
    else
        printf( "Waiting for \"%ws\" to exit.....\n", strCmd );

    // Wait until child process exits.
    WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE );
    int result = -1;
    if(!GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess,(LPDWORD)&result))
    { 
        printf("GetExitCodeProcess() failed (%d)\n", GetLastError() );
    }
    else
        printf("The exit code for '%ws' is %d\n",(LPTSTR)(strCmd.GetString()), result );
    // Close process and thread handles. 
    CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );
    CloseHandle( pi.hThread );
    return result;
}

有一次，我需要准确地将日志事件从Cygwin推送到Windows事件日志。我希望WEVL中的消息是自定义的，有正确的退出码、详细信息、优先级、消息等。所以我创建了一个Bash脚本来处理这个问题。这是GitHub上的logit.sh。

一些摘录:

usage: logit.sh [-h] [-p] [-i=n] [-s] <description>
example: logit.sh -p error -i 501 -s myscript.sh "failed to run the mount command"

下面是临时文件内容部分:

LGT_TEMP_FILE="$(mktemp --suffix .cmd)"
cat<<EOF>$LGT_TEMP_FILE
    @echo off
    set LGT_EXITCODE="$LGT_ID"
    exit /b %LGT_ID%
EOF
unix2dos "$LGT_TEMP_FILE"

下面是一个在WEVL中创建事件的函数:

__create_event () {
    local cmd="eventcreate /ID $LGT_ID /L Application /SO $LGT_SOURCE /T $LGT_PRIORITY /D "
    if [[ "$1" == *';'* ]]; then
        local IFS=';'
        for i in "$1"; do
            $cmd "$i" &>/dev/null
        done
    else
        $cmd "$LGT_DESC" &>/dev/null
    fi
}

执行批处理脚本并调用__create_event:

cmd /c "$(cygpath -wa "$LGT_TEMP_FILE")"
__create_event

“退出代码”存储在一个名为errorlevel的shell变量中。

使用if命令关键字errorlevel进行比较:

if errorlevel <n> (<statements>)

当errorlevel大于或等于n时执行语句。如果/?获取详细信息。

名为errorlevel的shell变量以字符串形式包含该值，可以通过使用%'s进行包装来解除引用。

示例脚本:

my_nifty_exe.exe

rem Give resolution instructions for known exit codes.
rem Ignore exit code 1.
rem Otherwise give a generic error message.

if %errorlevel%==7 (
   echo "Replace magnetic tape."
) else if %errorlevel%==3 (
   echo "Extinguish the printer."
) else if errorlevel 2 (
   echo Unknown Error: %errorlevel% refer to Run Book documentation.
) else (
   echo "Success!"
)

警告:名为errorlevel的环境变量(如果存在)将覆盖名为errorlevel的shell变量。如果错误级别测试不受影响。

当使用未连接到控制台的程序时，它可能无法正常工作，因为当您认为拥有退出代码时，该应用程序可能仍在运行。 在c++中这样做的解决方案如下:

#include "stdafx.h"
#include "windows.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "tchar.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "shellapi.h"

int _tmain( int argc, TCHAR *argv[] )
{

    CString cmdline(GetCommandLineW());
    cmdline.TrimLeft('\"');
    CString self(argv[0]);
    self.Trim('\"');
    CString args = cmdline.Mid(self.GetLength()+1);
    args.TrimLeft(_T("\" "));
    printf("Arguments passed: '%ws'\n",args);
    STARTUPINFO si;
    PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;

    ZeroMemory( &si, sizeof(si) );
    si.cb = sizeof(si);
    ZeroMemory( &pi, sizeof(pi) );

    if( argc < 2 )
    {
        printf("Usage: %s arg1,arg2....\n", argv[0]);
        return -1;
    }

    CString strCmd(args);
    // Start the child process. 
    if( !CreateProcess( NULL,   // No module name (use command line)
        (LPTSTR)(strCmd.GetString()),        // Command line
        NULL,           // Process handle not inheritable
        NULL,           // Thread handle not inheritable
        FALSE,          // Set handle inheritance to FALSE
        0,              // No creation flags
        NULL,           // Use parent's environment block
        NULL,           // Use parent's starting directory 
        &si,            // Pointer to STARTUPINFO structure
        &pi )           // Pointer to PROCESS_INFORMATION structure
    ) 
    {
        printf( "CreateProcess failed (%d)\n", GetLastError() );
        return GetLastError();
    }
    else
        printf( "Waiting for \"%ws\" to exit.....\n", strCmd );

    // Wait until child process exits.
    WaitForSingleObject( pi.hProcess, INFINITE );
    int result = -1;
    if(!GetExitCodeProcess(pi.hProcess,(LPDWORD)&result))
    { 
        printf("GetExitCodeProcess() failed (%d)\n", GetLastError() );
    }
    else
        printf("The exit code for '%ws' is %d\n",(LPTSTR)(strCmd.GetString()), result );
    // Close process and thread handles. 
    CloseHandle( pi.hProcess );
    CloseHandle( pi.hThread );
    return result;
}

如果你想精确匹配错误代码(例如= 0)，使用这个:

@echo off
my_nify_exe.exe
if %ERRORLEVEL% EQU 0 (
   echo Success
) else (
   echo Failure Reason Given is %errorlevel%
   exit /b %errorlevel%
)

请注意，如果errorlevel 0匹配errorlevel >= 0。 看是否/?

或者，如果你无法驾驭成功:

if  %ERRORLEVEL% NEQ 0 (
    echo Failed with exit-code: %errorlevel%
    exit /b %errorlevel%
)

使用内置的ERRORLEVEL变量:

echo %ERRORLEVEL%

但是如果应用程序定义了一个名为ERRORLEVEL!