我意识到这个问题已经很老了，而且已经被回答得死去活来了，但我想尝试一下。我试图在这里重新发明轮子，因为我正在使用目前接受的答案和URL片段的错误处理，最近在一个项目中咬我一口。

函数如下。它很长，但它被设计得尽可能有弹性。我想听听缩短/改进它的建议。我为它(或其他类似的函数)组合了一个小型jsFiddle测试套件。如果一个函数可以通过每一个测试，我说它可能就可以运行了。

更新:我遇到了一个很酷的使用DOM解析url的函数，所以我在这里结合了这项技术。它使函数更短，更可靠。感谢函数的作者。

/**
 * Add or update a query string parameter. If no URI is given, we use the current
 * window.location.href value for the URI.
 * 
 * Based on the DOM URL parser described here:
 * http://james.padolsey.com/javascript/parsing-urls-with-the-dom/
 *
 * @param   (string)    uri     Optional: The URI to add or update a parameter in
 * @param   (string)    key     The key to add or update
 * @param   (string)    value   The new value to set for key
 *
 * Tested on Chrome 34, Firefox 29, IE 7 and 11
 */
function update_query_string( uri, key, value ) {

    // Use window URL if no query string is provided
    if ( ! uri ) { uri = window.location.href; }

    // Create a dummy element to parse the URI with
    var a = document.createElement( 'a' ), 

        // match the key, optional square brackets, an equals sign or end of string, the optional value
        reg_ex = new RegExp( key + '((?:\\[[^\\]]*\\])?)(=|$)(.*)' ),

        // Setup some additional variables
        qs,
        qs_len,
        key_found = false;

    // Use the JS API to parse the URI 
    a.href = uri;

    // If the URI doesn't have a query string, add it and return
    if ( ! a.search ) {

        a.search = '?' + key + '=' + value;

        return a.href;
    }

    // Split the query string by ampersands
    qs = a.search.replace( /^\?/, '' ).split( /&(?:amp;)?/ );
    qs_len = qs.length; 

    // Loop through each query string part
    while ( qs_len > 0 ) {

        qs_len--;

        // Remove empty elements to prevent double ampersands
        if ( ! qs[qs_len] ) { qs.splice(qs_len, 1); continue; }

        // Check if the current part matches our key
        if ( reg_ex.test( qs[qs_len] ) ) {

            // Replace the current value
            qs[qs_len] = qs[qs_len].replace( reg_ex, key + '$1' ) + '=' + value;

            key_found = true;
        }
    }   

    // If we haven't replaced any occurrences above, add the new parameter and value
    if ( ! key_found ) { qs.push( key + '=' + value ); }

    // Set the new query string
    a.search = '?' + qs.join( '&' );

    return a.href;
}

基于@amateur的回答(现在结合了来自@j_walker_dev评论的修复)，但考虑到url中关于散列标签的评论，我使用以下方法:

function updateQueryStringParameter(uri, key, value) {
  var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)", "i");
  if (uri.match(re)) {
    return uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2');
  } else {
    var hash =  '';
    if( uri.indexOf('#') !== -1 ){
        hash = uri.replace(/.*#/, '#');
        uri = uri.replace(/#.*/, '');
    }
    var separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?";    
    return uri + separator + key + "=" + value + hash;
  }
}

编辑修复[?|&]在正则表达式中当然应该是[?正如评论中指出的那样

编辑:支持删除URL参数的替代版本。我已经使用value === undefined作为表示删除的方式。可以使用value === false，甚至可以根据需要使用单独的输入参数。

function updateQueryStringParameter(uri, key, value) {
  var re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|#|$)", "i");
  if( value === undefined ) {
    if (uri.match(re)) {
    return uri.replace(re, '$1$2').replace(/[?&]$/, '').replaceAll(/([?&])&+/g, '$1').replace(/[?&]#/, '#');
  } else {
    return uri;
  }
  } else {
    if (uri.match(re)) {
      return uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2');
  } else {
    var hash =  '';
    if( uri.indexOf('#') !== -1 ){
        hash = uri.replace(/.*#/, '#');
        uri = uri.replace(/#.*/, '');
    }
    var separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?";    
    return uri + separator + key + "=" + value + hash;
    }
  }
}

详见https://jsfiddle.net/cdt16wex/

如果它没有设置或想要更新一个新值，您可以使用:

window.location.search = 'param=value'; // or param=new_value

这是用简单Javascript写的。

EDIT

你可能想尝试使用jquery查询对象插件

窗口.位置.搜索 = jQuery.query.set（“param”， 5）;

如果你想一次设置多个参数:

function updateQueryStringParameters(uri, params) {
    for(key in params){
      var value = params[key],
          re = new RegExp("([?&])" + key + "=.*?(&|$)", "i"),
          separator = uri.indexOf('?') !== -1 ? "&" : "?";
      if (uri.match(re)) {
        uri = uri.replace(re, '$1' + key + "=" + value + '$2');
      }
      else {
        uri = uri + separator + key + "=" + value;
      }
    }
    return uri;
}

与@amateur的函数相同

如果jslint给出了一个错误，在for循环之后添加这个

if(params.hasOwnProperty(key))

我想要的是:

使用浏览器的本地URL API 可以添加、更新、获取或删除吗 期望在散列之后的查询字符串，例如对于单页应用程序

function queryParam(options = {}) { var defaults = { method: 'set', url: window.location.href, key: undefined, value: undefined, } for (var prop in defaults) { options[prop] = typeof options[prop] !== 'undefined' ? options[prop] : defaults[prop] } const existing = (options.url.lastIndexOf('?') > options.url.lastIndexOf('#')) ? options.url.substr(options.url.lastIndexOf('?') + 1) : '' const query = new URLSearchParams(existing) if (options.method === 'set') { query.set(options.key, options.value) return `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` } else if (options.method === 'get') { const val = query.get(options.key) let result = val === null ? val : val.toString() return result } else if (options.method === 'delete') { query.delete(options.key) let result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}?${query.toString()}` const lastChar = result.charAt(result.length - 1) if (lastChar === '?') { result = `${options.url.replace(`?${existing}`, '')}` } return result } } // Usage: let url = 'https://example.com/sandbox/#page/' url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-first-param', value: 'me' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'you' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'set', key: 'my-second-param', value: 'whomever' }) console.log(url) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-first-param' }) console.log(url) const mySecondParam = queryParam({ url, method: 'get', key: 'my-second-param', }) console.log(mySecondParam) url = queryParam({ url, method: 'delete', key: 'my-second-param' }) console.log(url)

这样做的目的是:

function updateQueryString(url, key, value) {
    var arr =  url.split("#");
    var url = arr[0];
    var fragmentId = arr[1];
    var updatedQS = "";
    if (url.indexOf("?") == -1) {
        updatedQS = encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value);
    }
    else {
        updatedQS = addOrModifyQS(url.substring(url.indexOf("?") + 1), key, value); 
    }
    url = url.substring(0, url.indexOf("?")) + "?" + updatedQS;
    if (typeof fragmentId !== 'undefined') {
        url = url + "#" + fragmentId;
    }
    return url;
}

function addOrModifyQS(queryStrings, key, value) {
    var oldQueryStrings = queryStrings.split("&");
    var newQueryStrings = new Array();
    var isNewKey = true;
    for (var i in oldQueryStrings) {
        var currItem = oldQueryStrings[i];
        var searchKey = key + "=";
        if (currItem.indexOf(searchKey) != -1) {
            currItem = encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value);
            isNewKey = false;
        }
        newQueryStrings.push(currItem);
    }
    if (isNewKey) {
        newQueryStrings.push(encodeURIComponent(key) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(value));
    }
    return newQueryStrings.join("&");
}