在Java中,如何撰写HTTP请求消息并将其发送到HTTP web服务器?
当前回答
我知道其他人会推荐Apache的http-客户端,但是它增加了复杂性(例如,更多可能出错的东西),这是很少被保证的。对于简单的任务,可以使用java.net.URL。
URL url = new URL("http://www.y.com/url");
InputStream is = url.openStream();
try {
/* Now read the retrieved document from the stream. */
...
} finally {
is.close();
}
其他回答
您可以使用java.net.HttpUrlConnection。
示例(来自这里),并进行了改进。包括在链接腐烂的情况下:
public static String executePost(String targetURL, String urlParameters) {
HttpURLConnection connection = null;
try {
//Create connection
URL url = new URL(targetURL);
connection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
connection.setRequestMethod("POST");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length",
Integer.toString(urlParameters.getBytes().length));
connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Language", "en-US");
connection.setUseCaches(false);
connection.setDoOutput(true);
//Send request
DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream (
connection.getOutputStream());
wr.writeBytes(urlParameters);
wr.close();
//Get Response
InputStream is = connection.getInputStream();
BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
StringBuilder response = new StringBuilder(); // or StringBuffer if Java version 5+
String line;
while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) {
response.append(line);
response.append('\r');
}
rd.close();
return response.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
} finally {
if (connection != null) {
connection.disconnect();
}
}
}
谷歌java http客户端有不错的API http请求。您可以轻松地添加JSON支持等。虽然对于简单的要求来说可能有点过分。
import com.google.api.client.http.GenericUrl;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpRequest;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpResponse;
import com.google.api.client.http.HttpTransport;
import com.google.api.client.http.javanet.NetHttpTransport;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Network {
static final HttpTransport HTTP_TRANSPORT = new NetHttpTransport();
public void getRequest(String reqUrl) throws IOException {
GenericUrl url = new GenericUrl(reqUrl);
HttpRequest request = HTTP_TRANSPORT.createRequestFactory().buildGetRequest(url);
HttpResponse response = request.execute();
System.out.println(response.getStatusCode());
InputStream is = response.getContent();
int ch;
while ((ch = is.read()) != -1) {
System.out.print((char) ch);
}
response.disconnect();
}
}
你可以使用Socket来实现
String host = "www.yourhost.com";
Socket socket = new Socket(host, 80);
String request = "GET / HTTP/1.0\r\n\r\n";
OutputStream os = socket.getOutputStream();
os.write(request.getBytes());
os.flush();
InputStream is = socket.getInputStream();
int ch;
while( (ch=is.read())!= -1)
System.out.print((char)ch);
socket.close();
来自Oracle的java教程
import java.net.*;
import java.io.*;
public class URLConnectionReader {
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
URL yahoo = new URL("http://www.yahoo.com/");
URLConnection yc = yahoo.openConnection();
BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(
new InputStreamReader(
yc.getInputStream()));
String inputLine;
while ((inputLine = in.readLine()) != null)
System.out.println(inputLine);
in.close();
}
}
我知道其他人会推荐Apache的http-客户端,但是它增加了复杂性(例如,更多可能出错的东西),这是很少被保证的。对于简单的任务,可以使用java.net.URL。
URL url = new URL("http://www.y.com/url");
InputStream is = url.openStream();
try {
/* Now read the retrieved document from the stream. */
...
} finally {
is.close();
}
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