我想写一个应用程序，从服务器接收推送警报。我找到了一些方法来做到这一点。
SMS -拦截传入的SMS并从服务器发起拉取 定期轮询服务器
每种方法都有其局限性。短信-不保证到达时间。投票可能会耗尽电池。
你有更好的建议吗?非常感谢。
当前回答
这里我写了几个步骤如何获得RegID和通知从头开始
在谷歌云上创建/注册应用程序 使用开发安装云SDK 为GCM配置项目 获取设备注册ID 发送推送通知 接收推送通知
你可以在下面的URL链接中找到完整的教程
Android推送通知入门:最新的谷歌云 消息传递(GCM) -一步一步完整的教程
代码片段获取注册ID(推送通知的设备令牌)。
为GCM配置项目
更新AndroidManifest文件
为了在我们的项目中启用GCM，我们需要在我们的清单文件中添加一些权限 转到AndroidManifest.xml并添加以下代码 添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET”/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<uses-permission android:name=“.permission.RECEIVE" />
<uses-permission android:name=“<your_package_name_here>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
<permission android:name=“<your_package_name_here>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
添加GCM广播接收器声明
在应用程序标签中添加GCM广播接收器声明
<application
<receiver
android:name=".GcmBroadcastReceiver"
android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" ]]>
<intent-filter]]>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="" />
</intent-filter]]>
</receiver]]>
<application/>
添加GCM服务声明
<application
<service android:name=".GcmIntentService" />
<application/>
获取注册ID(用于推送通知的设备令牌)
现在转到启动/启动活动
添加常量和类变量
private final static int PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 9000;
public static final String EXTRA_MESSAGE = "message";
public static final String PROPERTY_REG_ID = "registration_id";
private static final String PROPERTY_APP_VERSION = "appVersion";
private final static String TAG = "LaunchActivity";
protected String SENDER_ID = "Your_sender_id";
private GoogleCloudMessaging gcm =null;
private String regid = null;
private Context context= null;
更新OnCreate和OnResume方法
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_launch);
context = getApplicationContext();
if (checkPlayServices())
{
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
regid = getRegistrationId(context);
if (regid.isEmpty())
{
registerInBackground();
}
else
{
Log.d(TAG, "No valid Google Play Services APK found.");
}
}
}
@Override protected void onResume()
{
super.onResume(); checkPlayServices();
}
# Implement GCM Required methods (Add below methods in LaunchActivity)
private boolean checkPlayServices() {
int resultCode = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
if (resultCode != ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
if (GooglePlayServicesUtil.isUserRecoverableError(resultCode)) {
GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog(resultCode, this,
PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST).show();
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "This device is not supported - Google Play Services.");
finish();
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
private String getRegistrationId(Context context)
{
final SharedPreferences prefs = getGCMPreferences(context);
String registrationId = prefs.getString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, "");
if (registrationId.isEmpty()) {
Log.d(TAG, "Registration ID not found.");
return "";
}
int registeredVersion = prefs.getInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
int currentVersion = getAppVersion(context);
if (registeredVersion != currentVersion) {
Log.d(TAG, "App version changed.");
return "";
}
return registrationId;
}
private SharedPreferences getGCMPreferences(Context context)
{
return getSharedPreferences(LaunchActivity.class.getSimpleName(),
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
private static int getAppVersion(Context context)
{
try
{
PackageInfo packageInfo = context.getPackageManager()
.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
return packageInfo.versionCode;
}
catch (NameNotFoundException e)
{
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get package name: " + e);
}
}
private void registerInBackground()
{ new AsyncTask() {
Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object... params)
{
String msg = "";
try
{
if (gcm == null)
{
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(context);
}
regid = gcm.register(SENDER_ID); Log.d(TAG, "########################################");
Log.d(TAG, "Current Device's Registration ID is: "+msg);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
msg = "Error :" + ex.getMessage();
}
return null;
} protected void onPostExecute(Object result)
{ //to do here };
}.execute(null, null, null);
}
注意:请存储REGISTRATION_KEY，这对于发送PN消息给GCM很重要 也保持在我的这将是唯一的所有设备，通过使用这个只有GCM将发送推送通知。
接收推送通知
添加GCM广播接收机类
因为我们已经在我们的Manifest文件中声明了“GcmBroadcastReceiver.java”，所以让我们创建这个类 以这种方式更新接收器类代码
public class GcmBroadcastReceiver extends WakefulBroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{ ComponentName comp = new ComponentName(context.getPackageName(),
GcmIntentService.class.getName()); startWakefulService(context, (intent.setComponent(comp)));
setResultCode(Activity.RESULT_OK);
Toast.makeText(context, “wow!! received new push notification", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
添加GCM服务分类
因为我们已经在我们的Manifest文件中声明了“GcmBroadcastReceiver.java”，所以让我们创建这个类 以这种方式更新接收器类代码
public class GcmIntentService extends IntentService
{ public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1; private NotificationManager mNotificationManager; private final static String TAG = "GcmIntentService"; public GcmIntentService() {
super("GcmIntentService");
} @Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
Log.d(TAG, "Notification Data Json :" + extras.getString("message"));
GoogleCloudMessaging gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
String messageType = gcm.getMessageType(intent); if (!extras.isEmpty()) { if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_SEND_ERROR
.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Send error: " + extras.toString());
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_DELETED
.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Deleted messages on server: "
+ extras.toString()); // If it's a regular GCM message, do some work.
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_MESSAGE
.equals(messageType)) {
// This loop represents the service doing some work.
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Log.d(TAG," Working... " + (i + 1) + "/5 @ "
+ SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()); try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
Log.i(TAG, "Completed work @ " + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
sendNotification(extras.getString("message"));
}
} // Release the wake lock provided by the WakefulBroadcastReceiver.
GcmBroadcastReceiver.completeWakefulIntent(intent);
} // Put the message into a notification and post it.
// This is just one simple example of what you might choose to do with
// a GCM message.
private void sendNotification(String msg) { mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) this
.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, LaunchActivity.class), 0);
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder( this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon)
.setContentTitle("Ocutag Snap")
.setStyle(new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle().bigText(msg))
.setContentText(msg)
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND | Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(contentIntent); mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, mBuilder.build());
}
}
其他回答
我推荐在Android上使用GCM -谷歌云消息 它是免费的，对于简单的使用它应该是非常容易的。
但是，它需要维护一个第三方服务器发送通知代表你。 如果你想避免这种情况，Android推送通知服务有一些非常好的工业解决方案:
城市飞艇-免费多达1M的通知每月，之后，你收取每1000个通知 PushApps -每月100万个免费通知，每月19.99的无限通知 PushWoosh -免费的一百万设备，高级计划从39欧元起
Diclaimer -我在PushApps工作，在我的应用程序中使用他们的产品已经一年多了。
恐怕你已经找到了两种可能的方法。谷歌是，至少在最初，要实现一个GChat api，你可以使用一个推/拉实现。不幸的是，这个库被Android 1.0砍掉了。
这里我写了几个步骤如何获得RegID和通知从头开始
在谷歌云上创建/注册应用程序 使用开发安装云SDK 为GCM配置项目 获取设备注册ID 发送推送通知 接收推送通知
你可以在下面的URL链接中找到完整的教程
Android推送通知入门:最新的谷歌云 消息传递(GCM) -一步一步完整的教程
代码片段获取注册ID(推送通知的设备令牌)。
为GCM配置项目
更新AndroidManifest文件
为了在我们的项目中启用GCM，我们需要在我们的清单文件中添加一些权限 转到AndroidManifest.xml并添加以下代码 添加权限
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET”/>
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.GET_ACCOUNTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WAKE_LOCK" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.VIBRATE" />
<uses-permission android:name=“.permission.RECEIVE" />
<uses-permission android:name=“<your_package_name_here>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE" />
<permission android:name=“<your_package_name_here>.permission.C2D_MESSAGE"
android:protectionLevel="signature" />
添加GCM广播接收器声明
在应用程序标签中添加GCM广播接收器声明
<application
<receiver
android:name=".GcmBroadcastReceiver"
android:permission="com.google.android.c2dm.permission.SEND" ]]>
<intent-filter]]>
<action android:name="com.google.android.c2dm.intent.RECEIVE" />
<category android:name="" />
</intent-filter]]>
</receiver]]>
<application/>
添加GCM服务声明
<application
<service android:name=".GcmIntentService" />
<application/>
获取注册ID(用于推送通知的设备令牌)
现在转到启动/启动活动
添加常量和类变量
private final static int PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST = 9000;
public static final String EXTRA_MESSAGE = "message";
public static final String PROPERTY_REG_ID = "registration_id";
private static final String PROPERTY_APP_VERSION = "appVersion";
private final static String TAG = "LaunchActivity";
protected String SENDER_ID = "Your_sender_id";
private GoogleCloudMessaging gcm =null;
private String regid = null;
private Context context= null;
更新OnCreate和OnResume方法
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)
{
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_launch);
context = getApplicationContext();
if (checkPlayServices())
{
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
regid = getRegistrationId(context);
if (regid.isEmpty())
{
registerInBackground();
}
else
{
Log.d(TAG, "No valid Google Play Services APK found.");
}
}
}
@Override protected void onResume()
{
super.onResume(); checkPlayServices();
}
# Implement GCM Required methods (Add below methods in LaunchActivity)
private boolean checkPlayServices() {
int resultCode = GooglePlayServicesUtil.isGooglePlayServicesAvailable(this);
if (resultCode != ConnectionResult.SUCCESS) {
if (GooglePlayServicesUtil.isUserRecoverableError(resultCode)) {
GooglePlayServicesUtil.getErrorDialog(resultCode, this,
PLAY_SERVICES_RESOLUTION_REQUEST).show();
} else {
Log.d(TAG, "This device is not supported - Google Play Services.");
finish();
}
return false;
}
return true;
}
private String getRegistrationId(Context context)
{
final SharedPreferences prefs = getGCMPreferences(context);
String registrationId = prefs.getString(PROPERTY_REG_ID, "");
if (registrationId.isEmpty()) {
Log.d(TAG, "Registration ID not found.");
return "";
}
int registeredVersion = prefs.getInt(PROPERTY_APP_VERSION, Integer.MIN_VALUE);
int currentVersion = getAppVersion(context);
if (registeredVersion != currentVersion) {
Log.d(TAG, "App version changed.");
return "";
}
return registrationId;
}
private SharedPreferences getGCMPreferences(Context context)
{
return getSharedPreferences(LaunchActivity.class.getSimpleName(),
Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
}
private static int getAppVersion(Context context)
{
try
{
PackageInfo packageInfo = context.getPackageManager()
.getPackageInfo(context.getPackageName(), 0);
return packageInfo.versionCode;
}
catch (NameNotFoundException e)
{
throw new RuntimeException("Could not get package name: " + e);
}
}
private void registerInBackground()
{ new AsyncTask() {
Override
protected Object doInBackground(Object... params)
{
String msg = "";
try
{
if (gcm == null)
{
gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(context);
}
regid = gcm.register(SENDER_ID); Log.d(TAG, "########################################");
Log.d(TAG, "Current Device's Registration ID is: "+msg);
}
catch (IOException ex)
{
msg = "Error :" + ex.getMessage();
}
return null;
} protected void onPostExecute(Object result)
{ //to do here };
}.execute(null, null, null);
}
注意:请存储REGISTRATION_KEY，这对于发送PN消息给GCM很重要 也保持在我的这将是唯一的所有设备，通过使用这个只有GCM将发送推送通知。
接收推送通知
添加GCM广播接收机类
因为我们已经在我们的Manifest文件中声明了“GcmBroadcastReceiver.java”，所以让我们创建这个类 以这种方式更新接收器类代码
public class GcmBroadcastReceiver extends WakefulBroadcastReceiver {
@Override
public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent)
{ ComponentName comp = new ComponentName(context.getPackageName(),
GcmIntentService.class.getName()); startWakefulService(context, (intent.setComponent(comp)));
setResultCode(Activity.RESULT_OK);
Toast.makeText(context, “wow!! received new push notification", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();
}
}
添加GCM服务分类
因为我们已经在我们的Manifest文件中声明了“GcmBroadcastReceiver.java”，所以让我们创建这个类 以这种方式更新接收器类代码
public class GcmIntentService extends IntentService
{ public static final int NOTIFICATION_ID = 1; private NotificationManager mNotificationManager; private final static String TAG = "GcmIntentService"; public GcmIntentService() {
super("GcmIntentService");
} @Override
protected void onHandleIntent(Intent intent) {
Bundle extras = intent.getExtras();
Log.d(TAG, "Notification Data Json :" + extras.getString("message"));
GoogleCloudMessaging gcm = GoogleCloudMessaging.getInstance(this);
String messageType = gcm.getMessageType(intent); if (!extras.isEmpty()) { if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_SEND_ERROR
.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Send error: " + extras.toString());
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_DELETED
.equals(messageType)) {
sendNotification("Deleted messages on server: "
+ extras.toString()); // If it's a regular GCM message, do some work.
} else if (GoogleCloudMessaging.MESSAGE_TYPE_MESSAGE
.equals(messageType)) {
// This loop represents the service doing some work.
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
Log.d(TAG," Working... " + (i + 1) + "/5 @ "
+ SystemClock.elapsedRealtime()); try {
Thread.sleep(5000);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
}
}
Log.i(TAG, "Completed work @ " + SystemClock.elapsedRealtime());
sendNotification(extras.getString("message"));
}
} // Release the wake lock provided by the WakefulBroadcastReceiver.
GcmBroadcastReceiver.completeWakefulIntent(intent);
} // Put the message into a notification and post it.
// This is just one simple example of what you might choose to do with
// a GCM message.
private void sendNotification(String msg) { mNotificationManager = (NotificationManager) this
.getSystemService(Context.NOTIFICATION_SERVICE);
PendingIntent contentIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(this, 0, new Intent(this, LaunchActivity.class), 0);
NotificationCompat.Builder mBuilder = new NotificationCompat.Builder( this)
.setSmallIcon(R.drawable.icon)
.setContentTitle("Ocutag Snap")
.setStyle(new NotificationCompat.BigTextStyle().bigText(msg))
.setContentText(msg)
.setDefaults(Notification.DEFAULT_SOUND | Notification.DEFAULT_VIBRATE);
mBuilder.setContentIntent(contentIntent); mNotificationManager.notify(NOTIFICATION_ID, mBuilder.build());
}
}
我对Android推送通知的理解/经验是:
C2DM GCM -如果你的目标android平台是2.2+，那么就去做吧。只有一个问题，设备用户必须总是使用谷歌帐户登录才能获得消息。 MQTT -基于Pub/Sub的方法，需要从设备主动连接，如果不合理实现可能会消耗电池。 执事-可能不是很好，因为有限的社区支持。
编辑:2013年11月25日添加
GCM -谷歌说…
对于3.0版本之前的设备，这要求用户在移动设备上设置自己的谷歌账户。Android 4.0.4及以上版本的设备不需要谷歌帐户
截至2016年5月18日，Firebase是谷歌为移动开发者提供的统一平台，包括推送通知。
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