解析Go中的RFC-3339 / ISO-8601日期-时间字符串

我尝试在Go中解析日期字符串“2014-09-12T11:45:26.371Z”。此时间格式定义为:

rfc - 3339日期-时间 iso - 8601日期-时间

Code

layout := "2014-09-12T11:45:26.371Z"
str := "2014-11-12T11:45:26.371Z"
t, err := time.Parse(layout , str)

我得到了这个错误:

解析时间“2014-11-12T11:47:39.489Z”:月份超出范围

我如何解析这个日期字符串?

当前回答

如果您使用过其他语言中的时间/日期格式化/解析，您可能已经注意到其他语言使用特殊的占位符进行时间/日期格式化。例如ruby语言使用

%d for day
%Y for year

等。Golang并没有像上面那样使用代码，而是使用日期和时间格式占位符，看起来只像日期和时间。Go使用标准时间，即:

Mon Jan 2 15:04:05 MST 2006  (MST is GMT-0700)
or 
01/02 03:04:05PM '06 -0700

如果你注意到Go使用

01 for the day of the month,
02 for the month
03 for hours,
04 for minutes
05 for second
and so on

因此，例如解析2020-01-29，布局字符串应该是06-01-02或2006-01-02。

您可以在这个链接(https://golangbyexample.com/parse-time-in-golang/)上查看完整的占位符布局表

2020-02-05 13:43:47

其他回答

作为回答，但为了节省输入“2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z”的布局，你可以使用包的常量RFC3339。

str := "2014-11-12T11:45:26.371Z"
t, err := time.Parse(time.RFC3339, str)

if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
}
fmt.Println(t)

https://play.golang.org/p/Dgu2ZvHwTh

2017-05-28 23:40:07

对于那些遇到这种情况的人，利用好时间。RFC3339相对于字符串常量“2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z”。原因如下:

regDate := "2007-10-09T22:50:01.23Z"

layout1 := "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z"
t1, err := time.Parse(layout1, regDate)

if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("Static format doesn't work")
} else {
    fmt.Println(t1)
}

layout2 := time.RFC3339
t2, err := time.Parse(layout2, regDate)

if err != nil {
    fmt.Println("RFC format doesn't work") // You shouldn't see this at all
} else {
    fmt.Println(t2)
}

这将产生以下结果:

Static format doesn't work
2007-10-09 22:50:01.23 +0000 UTC

这是游乐场通

2021-01-06 23:56:52

使用这里描述的精确布局数字和一个漂亮的博客。

so:

layout := "2006-01-02T15:04:05.000Z"
str := "2014-11-12T11:45:26.371Z"
t, err := time.Parse(layout, str)

if err != nil {
    fmt.Println(err)
}
fmt.Println(t)

给:

>> 2014-11-12 11:45:26.371 +0000 UTC

我知道。不可思议。也第一次抓住了我。 Go只是没有为datetime组件使用抽象语法(YYYY-MM-DD)，但是这些确切的数字(我认为Go第一次提交的时间是不，根据这个。有人知道吗?)

2014-09-15 09:55:33

这可能非常晚，但这是为那些可能无意中发现这个问题并可能想使用外部包来解析日期字符串的人准备的。

我试着找了一个图书馆，我找到了这个:

https://github.com/araddon/dateparse

来自README的例子:

package main

import (
    "flag"
    "fmt"
    "time"

    "github.com/apcera/termtables"
    "github.com/araddon/dateparse"
)

var examples = []string{
    "May 8, 2009 5:57:51 PM",
    "Mon Jan  2 15:04:05 2006",
    "Mon Jan  2 15:04:05 MST 2006",
    "Mon Jan 02 15:04:05 -0700 2006",
    "Monday, 02-Jan-06 15:04:05 MST",
    "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 MST",
    "Tue, 11 Jul 2017 16:28:13 +0200 (CEST)",
    "Mon, 02 Jan 2006 15:04:05 -0700",
    "Thu, 4 Jan 2018 17:53:36 +0000",
    "Mon Aug 10 15:44:11 UTC+0100 2015",
    "Fri Jul 03 2015 18:04:07 GMT+0100 (GMT Daylight Time)",
    "12 Feb 2006, 19:17",
    "12 Feb 2006 19:17",
    "03 February 2013",
    "2013-Feb-03",
    //   mm/dd/yy
    "3/31/2014",
    "03/31/2014",
    "08/21/71",
    "8/1/71",
    "4/8/2014 22:05",
    "04/08/2014 22:05",
    "4/8/14 22:05",
    "04/2/2014 03:00:51",
    "8/8/1965 12:00:00 AM",
    "8/8/1965 01:00:01 PM",
    "8/8/1965 01:00 PM",
    "8/8/1965 1:00 PM",
    "8/8/1965 12:00 AM",
    "4/02/2014 03:00:51",
    "03/19/2012 10:11:59",
    "03/19/2012 10:11:59.3186369",
    // yyyy/mm/dd
    "2014/3/31",
    "2014/03/31",
    "2014/4/8 22:05",
    "2014/04/08 22:05",
    "2014/04/2 03:00:51",
    "2014/4/02 03:00:51",
    "2012/03/19 10:11:59",
    "2012/03/19 10:11:59.3186369",
    // Chinese
    "2014年04月08日",
    //   yyyy-mm-ddThh
    "2006-01-02T15:04:05+0000",
    "2009-08-12T22:15:09-07:00",
    "2009-08-12T22:15:09",
    "2009-08-12T22:15:09Z",
    //   yyyy-mm-dd hh:mm:ss
    "2014-04-26 17:24:37.3186369",
    "2012-08-03 18:31:59.257000000",
    "2014-04-26 17:24:37.123",
    "2013-04-01 22:43",
    "2013-04-01 22:43:22",
    "2014-12-16 06:20:00 UTC",
    "2014-12-16 06:20:00 GMT",
    "2014-04-26 05:24:37 PM",
    "2014-04-26 13:13:43 +0800",
    "2014-04-26 13:13:44 +09:00",
    "2012-08-03 18:31:59.257000000 +0000 UTC",
    "2015-09-30 18:48:56.35272715 +0000 UTC",
    "2015-02-18 00:12:00 +0000 GMT",
    "2015-02-18 00:12:00 +0000 UTC",
    "2017-07-19 03:21:51+00:00",
    "2014-04-26",
    "2014-04",
    "2014",
    "2014-05-11 08:20:13,787",
    // mm.dd.yy
    "3.31.2014",
    "03.31.2014",
    "08.21.71",
    //  yyyymmdd and similar
    "20140601",
    // unix seconds, ms
    "1332151919",
    "1384216367189",
}

var (
    timezone = ""
)

func main() {
    flag.StringVar(&timezone, "timezone", "UTC", "Timezone aka `America/Los_Angeles` formatted time-zone")
    flag.Parse()

    if timezone != "" {
        // NOTE:  This is very, very important to understand
        // time-parsing in go
        loc, err := time.LoadLocation(timezone)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err.Error())
        }
        time.Local = loc
    }

    table := termtables.CreateTable()

    table.AddHeaders("Input", "Parsed, and Output as %v")
    for _, dateExample := range examples {
        t, err := dateparse.ParseLocal(dateExample)
        if err != nil {
            panic(err.Error())
        }
        table.AddRow(dateExample, fmt.Sprintf("%v", t))
    }
    fmt.Println(table.Render())
}

2017-08-11 03:40:29