如何使用JavaScript以编程方式选择HTML选项?

我有这样的选项菜单:

<form name="AddAndEdit">
   <select name="list" id="personlist">
      <option value="11">Person1</option>
      <option value="27">Person2</option>
      <option value="17">Person3</option>
      <option value="10">Person4</option>
      <option value="7">Person5</option>
      <option value="32">Person6</option>
      <option value="18">Person7</option>
      <option value="29">Person8</option>
      <option value="28">Person9</option>
      <option value="34">Person10</option>
      <option value="12">Person11</option>
      <option value="19">Person12</option>
   </select>
</form>

现在我想通过使用href来改变所选的选项。例如:

<a href="javascript:void(0);"
  onclick="document.getElementById('personlist').getElementsByTagName('option')[11].selected = 'selected';">change</a>

但是我想选择值=11 (Person1)的选项，而不是Person12。

如何更改此代码?

当前回答

工具作为处理选择框的纯JavaScript代码:

图形的理解:

图片- A

图片- B

图片- C

|小提琴手演示

JavaScript代码:

/**
 * Empty Select Box
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param value text
 * @param text text
 * @author Neeraj.Singh
 */
function emptySelectBoxById(eid, value, text) {
    document.getElementById(eid).innerHTML = "<option value='" + value + "'>" + text + "</option>";
}


/**
 * Reset Select Box
 * @param eid Element ID
 */

function resetSelectBoxById(eid) {
    document.getElementById(eid).options[0].selected = 'selected';
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Index
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eindx Element Index
 */

function setSelectBoxByIndex(eid, eindx) {
    document.getElementById(eid).getElementsByTagName('option')[eindx].selected = 'selected';
    //or
    document.getElementById(eid).options[eindx].selected = 'selected';
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Value
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eval Element Index
 */
function setSelectBoxByValue(eid, eval) {
    document.getElementById(eid).value = eval;
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Text
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eval Element Index
 */
function setSelectBoxByText(eid, etxt) {
    var eid = document.getElementById(eid);
    for (var i = 0; i < eid.options.length; ++i) {
        if (eid.options[i].text === etxt)
            eid.options[i].selected = true;
    }
}


/**
 * Get Select Box Text By ID
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @return string
 */

function getSelectBoxText(eid) {
    return document.getElementById(eid).options[document.getElementById(eid).selectedIndex].text;
}


/**
 * Get Select Box Value By ID
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @return string
 */

function getSelectBoxValue(id) {
    return document.getElementById(id).options[document.getElementById(id).selectedIndex].value;
}

2013-12-18 15:33:08

其他回答

工具作为处理选择框的纯JavaScript代码:

图形的理解:

图片- A

图片- B

图片- C

|小提琴手演示

JavaScript代码:

/**
 * Empty Select Box
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param value text
 * @param text text
 * @author Neeraj.Singh
 */
function emptySelectBoxById(eid, value, text) {
    document.getElementById(eid).innerHTML = "<option value='" + value + "'>" + text + "</option>";
}


/**
 * Reset Select Box
 * @param eid Element ID
 */

function resetSelectBoxById(eid) {
    document.getElementById(eid).options[0].selected = 'selected';
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Index
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eindx Element Index
 */

function setSelectBoxByIndex(eid, eindx) {
    document.getElementById(eid).getElementsByTagName('option')[eindx].selected = 'selected';
    //or
    document.getElementById(eid).options[eindx].selected = 'selected';
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Value
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eval Element Index
 */
function setSelectBoxByValue(eid, eval) {
    document.getElementById(eid).value = eval;
}


/**
 * Set Select Box Selection By Text
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @param eval Element Index
 */
function setSelectBoxByText(eid, etxt) {
    var eid = document.getElementById(eid);
    for (var i = 0; i < eid.options.length; ++i) {
        if (eid.options[i].text === etxt)
            eid.options[i].selected = true;
    }
}


/**
 * Get Select Box Text By ID
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @return string
 */

function getSelectBoxText(eid) {
    return document.getElementById(eid).options[document.getElementById(eid).selectedIndex].text;
}


/**
 * Get Select Box Value By ID
 * @param eid Element ID
 * @return string
 */

function getSelectBoxValue(id) {
    return document.getElementById(id).options[document.getElementById(id).selectedIndex].value;
}

2013-12-18 15:33:08

数组索引将从0开始。如果你想要value=11 (Person1)，你会得到位置getElementsByTagName('option')[10].selected。

2012-06-06 09:38:37

如果你用javascript添加这个选项

function AddNewOption(userRoutes, text, id) 
{
    var option = document.createElement("option");
    option.text = text;
    option.value = id;
    option.selected = "selected";
    userdRoutes.add(option);
}

2019-06-21 19:28:29

你也可以使用JQuery

$(document).ready(function () {
  $('#personlist').val("10");
}

2018-10-21 16:24:00

这是一个老帖子，但如果有人还在寻找这种问题的解决方案，以下是我想出的:

<script>
  document.addEventListener("DOMContentLoaded", function(e) {
    document.forms['AddAndEdit'].elements['list'].value = 11;
  });
</script>

2020-05-14 23:45:07

如何使用JavaScript以编程方式选择HTML选项?

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