如果您有java.io.InputStream对象,应该如何处理该对象并生成String?
假设我有一个包含文本数据的InputStream,我想将其转换为String,例如,我可以将其写入日志文件。
获取InputStream并将其转换为字符串的最简单方法是什么?
public String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) {
// ???
}
如果您有java.io.InputStream对象,应该如何处理该对象并生成String?
假设我有一个包含文本数据的InputStream,我想将其转换为String,例如,我可以将其写入日志文件。
获取InputStream并将其转换为字符串的最简单方法是什么?
public String convertStreamToString(InputStream is) {
// ???
}
当前回答
考虑到文件,首先应该获得java.io.Reader实例。然后可以将其读取并添加到StringBuilder中(如果我们不在多个线程中访问StringBuffer,我们就不需要StringBuffer了,StringBuilder速度更快)。这里的技巧是我们在块中工作,因此不需要其他缓冲流。块大小被参数化以用于运行时性能优化。
public static String slurp(final InputStream is, final int bufferSize) {
final char[] buffer = new char[bufferSize];
final StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
try (Reader in = new InputStreamReader(is, "UTF-8")) {
for (;;) {
int rsz = in.read(buffer, 0, buffer.length);
if (rsz < 0)
break;
out.append(buffer, 0, rsz);
}
}
catch (UnsupportedEncodingException ex) {
/* ... */
}
catch (IOException ex) {
/* ... */
}
return out.toString();
}
其他回答
如果使用流读取器,请确保在结束时关闭流
private String readStream(InputStream iStream) throws IOException {
//build a Stream Reader, it can read char by char
InputStreamReader iStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(iStream);
//build a buffered Reader, so that i can read whole line at once
BufferedReader bReader = new BufferedReader(iStreamReader);
String line = null;
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
while((line = bReader.readLine()) != null) { //Read till end
builder.append(line);
builder.append("\n"); // append new line to preserve lines
}
bReader.close(); //close all opened stuff
iStreamReader.close();
//iStream.close(); //EDIT: Let the creator of the stream close it!
// some readers may auto close the inner stream
return builder.toString();
}
编辑:在JDK7+上,可以使用trywithresources构造。
/**
* Reads the stream into a string
* @param iStream the input stream
* @return the string read from the stream
* @throws IOException when an IO error occurs
*/
private String readStream(InputStream iStream) throws IOException {
//Buffered reader allows us to read line by line
try (BufferedReader bReader =
new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(iStream))){
StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
String line;
while((line = bReader.readLine()) != null) { //Read till end
builder.append(line);
builder.append("\n"); // append new line to preserve lines
}
return builder.toString();
}
}
一个很好的方法是使用Apache Commons IOUItils将InputStream复制到StringWriter中。。。类似于
StringWriter writer = new StringWriter();
IOUtils.copy(inputStream, writer, encoding);
String theString = writer.toString();
甚至
// NB: does not close inputStream, you'll have to use try-with-resources for that
String theString = IOUtils.toString(inputStream, encoding);
或者,如果不想混合流和写入器,可以使用ByteArrayOutputStream。
这里有一种仅使用标准Java库的方法(请注意,流没有关闭,您的里程可能会有所不同)。
static String convertStreamToString(java.io.InputStream is) {
java.util.Scanner s = new java.util.Scanner(is).useDelimiter("\\A");
return s.hasNext() ? s.next() : "";
}
我从“愚蠢的扫描仪技巧”一文中学会了这个技巧。它工作的原因是因为Scanner迭代流中的令牌,在这种情况下,我们使用“输入边界的开始”(\A)来分离令牌,从而为流的整个内容只提供一个令牌。
注意,如果您需要明确输入流的编码,可以向Scanner构造函数提供第二个参数,指示要使用的字符集(例如“UTF-8”)。
雅各布也收到了帽子提示,他曾向我指出了上述文章。
这里或多或少有sampath的答案,清理了一点并表示为函数:
String streamToString(InputStream in) throws IOException {
StringBuilder out = new StringBuilder();
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
for(String line = br.readLine(); line != null; line = br.readLine())
out.append(line);
br.close();
return out.toString();
}
此代码适用于新的Java学习者:
private String textDataFromFile;
public String getFromFile(InputStream myInputStream) throws FileNotFoundException, IOException {
BufferedReader bufferReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(myInputStream));
StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();
String eachStringLine;
while ((eachStringLine = bufferReader.readLine()) != null) {
stringBuilder.append(eachStringLine).append("\n");
}
textDataFromFile = stringBuilder.toString();
return textDataFromFile;
}