我怎样才能将我的JS对象转换为FormData?

我这样做的原因是,我有一个用~100个表单字段值构造的对象。

var item = {
   description: 'Some Item',
   price : '0.00',
   srate : '0.00',
   color : 'red',
   ...
   ...
}

现在我被要求将上传文件功能添加到我的表单,当然,通过JSON是不可能的,所以我计划移动到FormData。那么有什么方法可以将我的JS对象转换为FormData呢?


当前回答

在我的例子中,我的对象也有属性,即文件数组。因为它们是二进制的,所以应该以不同的方式处理——索引不需要是键的一部分。所以我修改了@Vladimir Novopashin和@developer033的答案:

export function convertToFormData(data, formData, parentKey) {
  if(data === null || data === undefined) return null;

  formData = formData || new FormData();

  if (typeof data === 'object' && !(data instanceof Date) && !(data instanceof File)) {
    Object.keys(data).forEach(key => 
      convertToFormData(data[key], formData, (!parentKey ? key : (data[key] instanceof File ? parentKey : `${parentKey}[${key}]`)))
    );
  } else {
    formData.append(parentKey, data);
  }

  return formData;
}

其他回答

该函数将object中的所有数据添加到FormData中

ES6版本来自@developer033:

function buildFormData(formData, data, parentKey) {
  if (data && typeof data === 'object' && !(data instanceof Date) && !(data instanceof File)) {
    Object.keys(data).forEach(key => {
      buildFormData(formData, data[key], parentKey ? `${parentKey}[${key}]` : key);
    });
  } else {
    const value = data == null ? '' : data;

    formData.append(parentKey, value);
  }
}

function jsonToFormData(data) {
  const formData = new FormData();
  
  buildFormData(formData, data);
  
  return formData;
}

const my_data = {
  num: 1,
  falseBool: false,
  trueBool: true,
  empty: '',
  und: undefined,
  nullable: null,
  date: new Date(),
  name: 'str',
  another_object: {
    name: 'my_name',
    value: 'whatever'
  },
  array: [
    {
      key1: {
        name: 'key1'
      }
    }
  ]
};

jsonToFormData(my_data)

jQuery版本:

function appendFormdata(FormData, data, name){
    name = name || '';
    if (typeof data === 'object'){
        $.each(data, function(index, value){
            if (name == ''){
                appendFormdata(FormData, value, index);
            } else {
                appendFormdata(FormData, value, name + '['+index+']');
            }
        })
    } else {
        FormData.append(name, data);
    }
}


var formData = new FormData(),
    your_object = {
        name: 'test object',
        another_object: {
            name: 'and other objects',
            value: 'whatever'
        }
    };
appendFormdata(formData, your_object); 

抱歉这么晚才回答,我一直在纠结这个问题,因为Angular 2目前不支持文件上传。方法是用FormData发送一个XMLHttpRequest。我创建了一个函数来做这个。我用的是Typescript。要将其转换为Javascript只需删除数据类型声明。

/**
     * Transforms the json data into form data.
     *
     * Example:
     *
     * Input:
     * 
     * fd = new FormData();
     * dob = {
     *  name: 'phone',
     *  photos: ['myphoto.jpg', 'myotherphoto.png'],
     *  price: '615.99',
     *  color: {
     *      front: 'red',
     *      back: 'blue'
     *  },
     *  buttons: ['power', 'volup', 'voldown'],
     *  cameras: [{
     *      name: 'front',
     *      res: '5Mpx'
     *  },{
     *      name: 'back',
     *      res: '10Mpx'
     *  }]
     * };
     * Say we want to replace 'myotherphoto.png'. We'll have this 'fob'.
     * fob = {
     *  photos: [null, <File object>]
     * };
     * Say we want to wrap the object (Rails way):
     * p = 'product';
     *
     * Output:
     *
     * 'fd' object updated. Now it will have these key-values "<key>, <value>":
     *
     * product[name], phone
     * product[photos][], myphoto.jpg
     * product[photos][], <File object>
     * product[color][front], red
     * product[color][back], blue
     * product[buttons][], power
     * product[buttons][], volup
     * product[buttons][], voldown
     * product[cameras][][name], front
     * product[cameras][][res], 5Mpx
     * product[cameras][][name], back
     * product[cameras][][res], 10Mpx
     * 
     * @param {FormData}  fd  FormData object where items will be appended to.
     * @param {Object}    dob Data object where items will be read from.
     * @param {Object =   null} fob File object where items will override dob's.
     * @param {string =   ''} p Prefix. Useful for wrapping objects and necessary for internal use (as this is a recursive method).
     */
    append(fd: FormData, dob: Object, fob: Object = null, p: string = ''){
        let apnd = this.append;

        function isObj(dob, fob, p){
            if(typeof dob == "object"){
                if(!!dob && dob.constructor === Array){
                    p += '[]';
                    for(let i = 0; i < dob.length; i++){
                        let aux_fob = !!fob ? fob[i] : fob;
                        isObj(dob[i], aux_fob, p);
                    }
                } else {
                    apnd(fd, dob, fob, p);
                }
            } else {
                let value = !!fob ? fob : dob;
                fd.append(p, value);
            }
        }

        for(let prop in dob){
            let aux_p = p == '' ? prop : `${p}[${prop}]`;
            let aux_fob = !!fob ? fob[prop] : fob;
            isObj(dob[prop], aux_fob, aux_p);
        }
    }

将处理嵌套数组和对象的解决方案。有人可能会觉得有用

             function add_form_data(form_data,key,item,arr){
                if(typeof(item)==='object' && item && item.constructor===Array){
                    for(var i=0;i<item.length;i++){
                        var item2=item[i];
                        var key2=key+'[' + i +']';
                        if(arr){
                            key2=key+'[' + key2 +']';
                        }
                        add_form_data(form_data,key2,item2,true);
                    }
                }else if(typeof(item)==='object' && item){
                    for ( var key2 in item ) {
                        var item2=item[key2];
                        if(arr){
                            key2=key+'[' + key2 +']';
                        }
                        add_form_data(form_data,key2,item2,arr);
                    }
                }else{
                    form_data.append(key,item);
                }
            }

使用

            var form_data = new FormData();
            
            add_form_data(form_data,null,json_data);// provide json_data here
             
            var string_url_data=new URLSearchParams(form_data).toString();// if query string is needed

我可能有点晚了,但这就是我创建的将单个对象转换为FormData的方法。

function formData(formData, filesIgnore = []) {
  let data = new FormData();

  let files = filesIgnore;

  Object.entries(formData).forEach(([key, value]) => {
    if (typeof value === 'object' && !files.includes(key)) {
      data.append(key, JSON.stringify(value) || null);
    } else if (files.includes(key)) {
      data.append(key, value[0] || null);
    } else {
      data.append(key, value || null);
    }
  })

  return data;
}

它是如何工作的? 它将转换并返回所有属性,除了您在忽略列表中设置的File对象(第二个参数)。如果有人能告诉我一个更好的方法来确定这将有帮助!)变成一个json字符串使用json .stringify。然后在您的服务器上,您只需要将其转换回JSON对象。

例子:

let form = {
  first_name: 'John',
  last_name: 'Doe',
  details: {
    phone_number: 1234 5678 910,
    address: '123 Some Street',
  },
  profile_picture: [object FileList] // set by your form file input. Currently only support 1 file per property.
}

function submit() {
  let data = formData(form, ['profile_picture']);

  axios.post('/url', data).then(res => {
    console.log('object uploaded');
  })
}

我仍然有点新的Http请求和JavaScript,所以任何反馈将高度赞赏!

我使用这个Post我的对象数据作为表单数据。

const encodeData = require('querystring');

const object = {type: 'Authorization', username: 'test', password: '123456'};

console.log(object);
console.log(encodeData.stringify(object));