Declare @fs_e int, @C_Tables CURSOR, @Table varchar(50)

SET @C_Tables = CURSOR FOR
        select name from sysobjects where OBJECTPROPERTY(id, N'IsUserTable') = 1 AND name like 'TR_%'
OPEN @C_Tables
FETCH @C_Tables INTO @Table
    SELECT @fs_e = sdec.fetch_Status FROM sys.dm_exec_cursors(0) as sdec where sdec.name = '@C_Tables'

WHILE ( @fs_e <> -1)
    BEGIN
        exec('Select * from ' + @Table)
        FETCH @C_Tables INTO @Table
        SELECT @fs_e = sdec.fetch_Status FROM sys.dm_exec_cursors(0) as sdec where sdec.name = '@C_Tables'
    END

Use:

CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[GetByName]
    @TableName NVARCHAR(100)
    AS
BEGIN
    -- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
    -- interfering with SELECT statements.
    SET NOCOUNT ON;
    DECLARE @sSQL nvarchar(500);

    SELECT @sSQL = N'SELECT * FROM' + QUOTENAME(@TableName);

    EXEC sp_executesql @sSQL
END

你需要动态生成SQL内容:

declare @tablename varchar(50)

set @tablename = 'test'

declare @sql varchar(500)

set @sql = 'select * from ' + @tablename

exec (@sql)

还有，你可以用这个…

DECLARE @SeqID varchar(150);
DECLARE @TableName varchar(150);
SET @TableName = (Select TableName from Table);
SET @SeqID = 'SELECT NEXT VALUE FOR ' + @TableName + '_Data'
exec (@SeqID)

把你的最后一句话改成这样:

EXEC('SELECT * FROM ' + @tablename)

这就是我在存储过程中如何执行的。第一个块将声明变量，并根据当前的年月名设置表名，在本例中为TEST_2012OCTOBER。然后检查它是否已经存在于数据库中，如果存在则删除它。然后，下一个块将使用SELECT INTO语句创建表，并用来自另一个带参数的表的记录填充该表。

--DECLARE TABLE NAME VARIABLE DYNAMICALLY
DECLARE @table_name varchar(max)
SET @table_name =
    (SELECT 'TEST_'
            + DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())
            + UPPER(DATENAME(MONTH,GETDATE())) )

--DROP THE TABLE IF IT ALREADY EXISTS
IF EXISTS(SELECT name
          FROM sysobjects
          WHERE name = @table_name AND xtype = 'U')

BEGIN
    EXEC('drop table ' +  @table_name)
END

--CREATES TABLE FROM DYNAMIC VARIABLE AND INSERTS ROWS FROM ANOTHER TABLE
EXEC('SELECT * INTO ' + @table_name + ' FROM dbo.MASTER WHERE STATUS_CD = ''A''')

对于静态查询，比如您问题中的查询，表名和列名需要是静态的。

对于动态查询，您应该动态生成完整的SQL，并使用sp_executesql来执行它。

下面是一个脚本示例，用于比较不同数据库的相同表之间的数据:

静态查询:

SELECT * FROM [DB_ONE].[dbo].[ACTY]
EXCEPT
SELECT * FROM [DB_TWO].[dbo].[ACTY]

因为我想轻松地更改表和模式的名称，所以我创建了这个动态查询:

declare @schema sysname;
declare @table sysname;
declare @query nvarchar(max);

set @schema = 'dbo'
set @table = 'ACTY'

set @query = '
SELECT * FROM [DB_ONE].' + QUOTENAME(@schema) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@table) + '
EXCEPT
SELECT * FROM [DB_TWO].' + QUOTENAME(@schema) + '.' + QUOTENAME(@table);

EXEC sp_executesql @query

由于动态查询有许多需要考虑的细节，而且它们很难维护，我建议您阅读:动态SQL的诅咒和祝福