另外，如果你想在这个字段中使用索引，你应该使用MyISAM存储引擎和FULLTEXT索引类型。

你可以在alter table请求中指定键的长度，就像这样:

alter table authors ADD UNIQUE(name_first(20), name_second(20));

我得到这个错误时，添加一个索引的文本类型列表。您需要声明每个文本类型要使用的大小。

将大小放入括号()内

如果使用了太多字节，您可以在方括号中为varchar声明一个大小，以减少用于索引的数量。即使你已经为varchar(1000)这样的类型声明了一个大小。您不需要像其他人所说的那样创建一个新表。

添加索引

alter table test add index index_name(col1(255),col2(255));

添加唯一索引

alter table test add unique index_name(col1(255),col2(255));

添加另一个varChar(255)列(默认为空字符串而不是null)，以在255个字符不够时保存溢出，并将此PK更改为使用两个列。然而，这听起来不像一个设计良好的数据库模式，我建议找一个数据建模师来看看你所拥有的，并对其进行重构以获得更多的规范化。

像这样使用

@Id
@Column(name = "userEmailId", length=100)
private String userEmailId;

Nobody mentioned it so far... with utf8mb4 which is 4-byte and can also store emoticons (we should never more use 3-byte utf8) and we can avoid errors like Incorrect string value: \xF0\x9F\x98\... we should not use typical VARCHAR(255) but rather VARCHAR(191) because in case utf8mb4 and VARCHAR(255) same part of data are stored off-page and you can not create index for column VARCHAR(255) but for VARCHAR(191) you can. It is because the maximum indexed column size is 767 bytes for ROW_FORMAT=COMPACT or ROW_FORMAT=REDUNDANT.

For newer row formats ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC or ROW_FORMAT=COMPRESSED (which requires newer file format innodb_file_format=Barracuda not older Antelope) maximum indexed column size is 3072. It is available since MySQL >= 5.6.3 when innodb_large_prefix=1 (disabled by default for MySQL <= 5.7.6 and enabled by default for MySQL >= 5.7.7). So in this case we can use VARCHAR(768) for utf8mb4 (or VARCHAR(1024) for old utf8) for indexed column. Option innodb_large_prefix is deprecated since 5.7.7 because its behavior is built-in MySQL 8 (in this version is option removed).