如何在Java中将字节大小转换为人类可读的格式?

比如1024应该变成“1 Kb”,1024*1024应该变成“1 Mb”。

我有点厌倦了为每个项目写这个实用方法。在Apache Commons中有这样的静态方法吗?


当前回答

这是一个Go版本。为了简单起见,我只包含了二进制输出情况。

func sizeOf(bytes int64) string {
    const unit = 1024
    if bytes < unit {
        return fmt.Sprintf("%d B", bytes)
    }

    fb := float64(bytes)
    exp := int(math.Log(fb) / math.Log(unit))
    pre := "KMGTPE"[exp-1]
    div := math.Pow(unit, float64(exp))
    return fmt.Sprintf("%.1f %ciB", fb / div, pre)
}

其他回答

字节单位允许你这样做:

long input1 = 1024;
long input2 = 1024 * 1024;

Assert.assertEquals("1 KiB", BinaryByteUnit.format(input1));
Assert.assertEquals("1 MiB", BinaryByteUnit.format(input2));

Assert.assertEquals("1.024 KB", DecimalByteUnit.format(input1, "#.0"));
Assert.assertEquals("1.049 MB", DecimalByteUnit.format(input2, "#.000"));

NumberFormat format = new DecimalFormat("#.#");
Assert.assertEquals("1 KiB", BinaryByteUnit.format(input1, format));
Assert.assertEquals("1 MiB", BinaryByteUnit.format(input2, format));

我写了另一个叫做storage-units的库,它允许你这样做:

String formattedUnit1 = StorageUnits.formatAsCommonUnit(input1, "#");
String formattedUnit2 = StorageUnits.formatAsCommonUnit(input2, "#");
String formattedUnit3 = StorageUnits.formatAsBinaryUnit(input1);
String formattedUnit4 = StorageUnits.formatAsBinaryUnit(input2);
String formattedUnit5 = StorageUnits.formatAsDecimalUnit(input1, "#.00", Locale.GERMAN);
String formattedUnit6 = StorageUnits.formatAsDecimalUnit(input2, "#.00", Locale.GERMAN);
String formattedUnit7 = StorageUnits.formatAsBinaryUnit(input1, format);
String formattedUnit8 = StorageUnits.formatAsBinaryUnit(input2, format);

Assert.assertEquals("1 kB", formattedUnit1);
Assert.assertEquals("1 MB", formattedUnit2);
Assert.assertEquals("1.00 KiB", formattedUnit3);
Assert.assertEquals("1.00 MiB", formattedUnit4);
Assert.assertEquals("1,02 kB", formattedUnit5);
Assert.assertEquals("1,05 MB", formattedUnit6);
Assert.assertEquals("1 KiB", formattedUnit7);
Assert.assertEquals("1 MiB", formattedUnit8);

如果你想强制某个单位,可以这样做:

String formattedUnit9 = StorageUnits.formatAsKibibyte(input2);
String formattedUnit10 = StorageUnits.formatAsCommonMegabyte(input2);

Assert.assertEquals("1024.00 KiB", formattedUnit9);
Assert.assertEquals("1.00 MB", formattedUnit10);

Kotlin爱好者可以使用这个扩展:

fun Long.readableFormat(): String {
    if (this <= 0 ) return "0"
    val units = arrayOf("B", "kB", "MB", "GB", "TB")
    val digitGroups = (log10(this.toDouble()) / log10(1024.0)).toInt()
    return DecimalFormat("#,##0.#").format(this / 1024.0.pow(digitGroups.toDouble())).toString() + " " + units[digitGroups]
}

现在使用

val size : Long = 90836457
val readbleString = size.readableFormat()

另一种方法

val Long.formatSize : String
    get() {
        if (this <= 0) return "0"
        val units = arrayOf("B", "kB", "MB", "GB", "TB")
        val digitGroups = (log10(this.toDouble()) / log10(1024.0)).toInt()
        return DecimalFormat("#,##0.#").format(this / 1024.0.pow(digitGroups.toDouble())).toString() + " " + units[digitGroups]
    }

现在使用

val size : Long = 90836457
val readbleString = size.formatSize

实际上,兆字节已经足够人类阅读了。

long l = 1367343104l;
    
String s = String.format("%dm", l / 1024 / 1024);

1304米

这是另一个简洁的解决方案,没有循环,但具有区域敏感格式和正确的二进制前缀:

import java.util.Locale;

public final class Bytes {

  private Bytes() {
  }

  public static String format(long value, Locale locale) {
    if (value < 1024) {
      return value + " B";
    }
    int z = (63 - Long.numberOfLeadingZeros(value)) / 10;
    return String.format(locale, "%.1f %siB", (double) value / (1L << (z * 10)), " KMGTPE".charAt(z));
  }
}

测试:

Locale locale = Locale.getDefault()
System.out.println(Bytes.format(1L, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(2L * 1024, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(3L * 1024 * 1024, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(4L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(5L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(6L * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024 * 1024, locale))
System.out.println(Bytes.format(Long.MAX_VALUE, locale))

输出:

1 B
2.0 KiB
3.0 MiB
4.0 GiB
5.0 GiB
6.0 PiB
8.0 EiB

有趣的事实:这里发布的原始代码片段是Stack Overflow上被复制最多的Java代码片段,它是有缺陷的。它被修好了,但却变得一团糟。 本文的完整故事:有史以来复制最多的堆栈溢出代码片段是有缺陷的!

来源:格式化字节大小到人类可读的格式|编程。指南

SI(1 k = 1,000)

public static String humanReadableByteCountSI(long bytes) {
    if (-1000 < bytes && bytes < 1000) {
        return bytes + " B";
    }
    CharacterIterator ci = new StringCharacterIterator("kMGTPE");
    while (bytes <= -999_950 || bytes >= 999_950) {
        bytes /= 1000;
        ci.next();
    }
    return String.format("%.1f %cB", bytes / 1000.0, ci.current());
}

二进制(1's = 1,024)

public static String humanReadableByteCountBin(long bytes) {
    long absB = bytes == Long.MIN_VALUE ? Long.MAX_VALUE : Math.abs(bytes);
    if (absB < 1024) {
        return bytes + " B";
    }
    long value = absB;
    CharacterIterator ci = new StringCharacterIterator("KMGTPE");
    for (int i = 40; i >= 0 && absB > 0xfffccccccccccccL >> i; i -= 10) {
        value >>= 10;
        ci.next();
    }
    value *= Long.signum(bytes);
    return String.format("%.1f %ciB", value / 1024.0, ci.current());
}

示例输出:

                             SI     BINARY

                  0:        0 B        0 B
                 27:       27 B       27 B
                999:      999 B      999 B
               1000:     1.0 kB     1000 B
               1023:     1.0 kB     1023 B
               1024:     1.0 kB    1.0 KiB
               1728:     1.7 kB    1.7 KiB
             110592:   110.6 kB  108.0 KiB
            7077888:     7.1 MB    6.8 MiB
          452984832:   453.0 MB  432.0 MiB
        28991029248:    29.0 GB   27.0 GiB
      1855425871872:     1.9 TB    1.7 TiB
9223372036854775807:     9.2 EB    8.0 EiB   (Long.MAX_VALUE)