我的解决办法相当简单:

在./config/index.js中加载环境配置

var env = process.env.NODE_ENV || 'development'
  , cfg = require('./config.'+env);

module.exports = cfg;

在./config/config.global.js中定义一些默认值

var config = module.exports = {};

config.env = 'development';
config.hostname = 'dev.example.com';

//mongo database
config.mongo = {};
config.mongo.uri = process.env.MONGO_URI || 'localhost';
config.mongo.db = 'example_dev';

重写。/config/config.test.js中的默认值

var config = require('./config.global');

config.env = 'test';
config.hostname = 'test.example';
config.mongo.db = 'example_test';

module.exports = config;

在./models/user.js中使用:

var mongoose = require('mongoose')
, cfg = require('../config')
, db = mongoose.createConnection(cfg.mongo.uri, cfg.mongo.db);

在测试环境中运行应用程序:

NODE_ENV=test node ./app.js

我在游戏中有点晚了，但我在这里或其他地方都找不到我需要的东西，所以我自己写了一些东西。

我对配置机制的要求如下:

支持前端。如果前端不能使用该配置有什么意义? 支持settings-override .js -看起来一样，但允许重写settings.js中的配置。这里的思想是在不更改代码的情况下轻松修改配置。我发现它对saas很有用。

尽管我不太关心支持环境，但它将解释如何轻松地将其添加到我的解决方案中

var publicConfiguration = {
    "title" : "Hello World"
    "demoAuthToken" : undefined, 
    "demoUserId" : undefined, 
    "errorEmail" : null // if null we will not send emails on errors. 

};

var privateConfiguration = {
    "port":9040,
    "adminAuthToken":undefined,
    "adminUserId":undefined
}

var meConf = null;
try{
    meConf = require("../conf/dev/meConf");
}catch( e ) { console.log("meConf does not exist. ignoring.. ")}




var publicConfigurationInitialized = false;
var privateConfigurationInitialized = false;

function getPublicConfiguration(){
    if (!publicConfigurationInitialized) {
        publicConfigurationInitialized = true;
        if (meConf != null) {
            for (var i in publicConfiguration) {
                if (meConf.hasOwnProperty(i)) {
                    publicConfiguration[i] = meConf[i];
                }
            }
        }
    }
    return publicConfiguration;
}


function getPrivateConfiguration(){
    if ( !privateConfigurationInitialized ) {
        privateConfigurationInitialized = true;

        var pubConf = getPublicConfiguration();

        if ( pubConf != null ){
            for ( var j in pubConf ){
                privateConfiguration[j] = pubConf[j];
            }
        }
        if ( meConf != null ){
              for ( var i in meConf ){
                  privateConfiguration[i] = meConf[i];
              }
        }
    }
    return privateConfiguration;

}


exports.sendPublicConfiguration = function( req, res ){
    var name = req.param("name") || "conf";

    res.send( "window." + name + " = " + JSON.stringify(getPublicConfiguration()) + ";");
};


var prConf = getPrivateConfiguration();
if ( prConf != null ){
    for ( var i in prConf ){
        if ( prConf[i] === undefined ){

            throw new Error("undefined configuration [" + i + "]");
        }
        exports[i] = prConf[i];
    }
}


return exports;

解释

undefined means this property is required null means it is optional meConf - currently the code is target to a file under app. meConf is the overrides files which is targeted to conf/dev - which is ignored by my vcs. publicConfiguration - will be visible from front-end and back-end. privateConfiguration - will be visible from back-end only. sendPublicConfiguration - a route that will expose the public configuration and assign it to a global variable. For example the code below will expose the public configuration as global variable myConf in the front-end. By default it will use the global variable name conf. app.get("/backend/conf", require("conf").sendPublicConfiguration);

覆盖逻辑

privateConfiguration与publicConfiguration和meConf合并。 publicConfiguration检查每个键是否有覆盖，并使用该覆盖。这样我们就不会暴露任何隐私。

添加环境支持

即使我不觉得“环境支持”有用，也许有人会。

要添加环境支持，您需要将meConf require语句更改为以下内容(伪代码)

If (environment == "production") { meConf = require("../conf/dev/meConf").production; ｝

If (environment == "development") { meConf = require("../conf/dev/meConf").development; ｝

类似地，每个环境可以有一个文件

 meConf.development.js
 meConf.production.js

然后导入正确的。 其余的逻辑保持不变。

对于那些正在访问这个旧线程的人来说，这里有一个我觉得不错的包。

https://www.npmjs.org/package/config

另一个选项是为验证添加模式。像nconf一样，它支持从环境变量、参数、文件和json对象的任何组合中加载设置。

来自README的例子:

var convict = require('convict');
var conf = convict({
  env: {
    doc: "The applicaton environment.",
    format: ["production", "development", "test"],
    default: "development",
    env: "NODE_ENV"
  },
  ip: {
    doc: "The IP address to bind.",
    format: "ipaddress",
    default: "127.0.0.1",
    env: "IP_ADDRESS",
  },
  port: {
    doc: "The port to bind.",
    format: "port",
    default: 0,
    env: "PORT"
  }
});

入门文章: 用节点罪犯驯服构型

除了这个答案中提到的nconf模块，以及这个答案中提到的node-config模块，还有node-iniparser和IniReader，它们看起来更简单。ini配置文件解析器。

只需使用npm模块配置(超过300000次下载)

https://www.npmjs.com/package/config

节点配置为应用程序部署组织分层配置。

它允许您定义一组默认参数，并为不同的部署环境(开发、qa、登台、生产等)扩展它们。

$ npm install config
$ mkdir config
$ vi config/default.json


{
      // Customer module configs
      "Customer": {
        "dbConfig": {
          "host": "localhost",
          "port": 5984,
          "dbName": "customers"
        },
        "credit": {
          "initialLimit": 100,
          // Set low for development
          "initialDays": 1
        }
      }
}



$ vi config/production.json

{
  "Customer": {
    "dbConfig": {
      "host": "prod-db-server"
    },
    "credit": {
      "initialDays": 30
    }
  }
}



$ vi index.js

var config = require('config');
//...
var dbConfig = config.get('Customer.dbConfig');
db.connect(dbConfig, ...);

if (config.has('optionalFeature.detail')) {
  var detail = config.get('optionalFeature.detail');
  //...
}


$ export NODE_ENV=production
$ node index.js