我在试着理解如何正确地观察一些道具的变化。
我有一个父组件(。Vue文件),从ajax调用接收数据,把数据放在一个对象中,并使用它来通过v-for指令渲染一些子组件,下面是我的实现的简化:
<template>
<div>
<player v-for="(item, key, index) in players"
:item="item"
:index="index"
:key="key"">
</player>
</div>
</template>
... 然后在<script>标签内:
data(){
return {
players: {}
},
created(){
let self = this;
this.$http.get('../serv/config/player.php').then((response) => {
let pls = response.body;
for (let p in pls) {
self.$set(self.players, p, pls[p]);
}
});
}
Item对象是这样的:
item:{
prop: value,
someOtherProp: {
nestedProp: nestedValue,
myArray: [{type: "a", num: 1},{type: "b" num: 6} ...]
},
}
现在,在我的孩子“播放器”组件中,我试图观察任何项目的属性变化,我使用:
...
watch:{
'item.someOtherProp'(newVal){
//to work with changes in "myArray"
},
'item.prop'(newVal){
//to work with changes in prop
}
}
这是可行的,但对我来说似乎有点棘手,我想知道这是否是正确的方法。我的目标是每次道具改变或myArray获得新元素或现有元素中的一些变化时执行一些操作。任何建议都将不胜感激。
你可以使用深层观察者:
watch: {
item: {
handler(val){
// do stuff
},
deep: true
}
}
现在它将检测对项目数组中对象的任何更改以及对数组本身的添加(当与Vue.set一起使用时)。这是一个JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/je2rw3rs/
EDIT
如果你不想观察顶层对象的每一个变化,只是想要一个不那么尴尬的语法来直接观察嵌套对象,你可以简单地观察一个computed:
var vm = new Vue({
el: '#app',
computed: {
foo() {
return this.item.foo;
}
},
watch: {
foo() {
console.log('Foo Changed!');
}
},
data: {
item: {
foo: 'foo'
}
}
})
这是JSFiddle: http://jsfiddle.net/oa07r5fw/
如果你想看一段时间的财产,然后取消它怎么办?
或者查看库子组件属性?
你可以使用“动态观察者”:
this.$watch(
'object.property', //what you want to watch
(newVal, oldVal) => {
//execute your code here
}
)
$watch返回一个unwatch函数,如果被调用,它将停止监视。
var unwatch = vm.$watch('a', cb)
// later, teardown the watcher
unwatch()
你也可以使用deep选项:
this.$watch(
'someObject', () => {
//execute your code here
},
{ deep: true }
)
请一定要看一下医生
跟踪列表中单个更改的项
如果你想监视列表中的所有项目,并知道列表中的哪个项目发生了变化,你可以在每个项目上分别设置自定义监视器,如下所示:
var vm = new Vue({
data: {
list: [
{name: 'obj1 to watch'},
{name: 'obj2 to watch'},
],
},
methods: {
handleChange (newVal, oldVal) {
// Handle changes here!
// NOTE: For mutated objects, newVal and oldVal will be identical.
console.log(newVal);
},
},
created () {
this.list.forEach((val) => {
this.$watch(() => val, this.handleChange, {deep: true});
});
},
});
如果你的列表没有立即填充(就像在最初的问题中),你可以将逻辑从created移到任何需要的地方,例如在.then()块中。
观察不断变化的列表
如果你的列表本身更新到有新的或删除的项目,我已经开发了一个有用的模式,“浅层”观察列表本身,并动态观察/取消观察项目随着列表的变化:
// NOTE: This example uses Lodash (_.differenceBy and _.pull) to compare lists
// and remove list items. The same result could be achieved with lots of
// list.indexOf(...) if you need to avoid external libraries.
var vm = new Vue({
data: {
list: [
{name: 'obj1 to watch'},
{name: 'obj2 to watch'},
],
watchTracker: [],
},
methods: {
handleChange (newVal, oldVal) {
// Handle changes here!
console.log(newVal);
},
updateWatchers () {
// Helper function for comparing list items to the "watchTracker".
const getItem = (val) => val.item || val;
// Items that aren't already watched: watch and add to watched list.
_.differenceBy(this.list, this.watchTracker, getItem).forEach((item) => {
const unwatch = this.$watch(() => item, this.handleChange, {deep: true});
this.watchTracker.push({ item: item, unwatch: unwatch });
// Uncomment below if adding a new item to the list should count as a "change".
// this.handleChange(item);
});
// Items that no longer exist: unwatch and remove from the watched list.
_.differenceBy(this.watchTracker, this.list, getItem).forEach((watchObj) => {
watchObj.unwatch();
_.pull(this.watchTracker, watchObj);
// Optionally add any further cleanup in here for when items are removed.
});
},
},
watch: {
list () {
return this.updateWatchers();
},
},
created () {
return this.updateWatchers();
},
});
这些答案对我来说都没用。实际上,如果你想观察嵌套的数据与组件被多次调用。所以他们被称为不同的道具来识别他们。
例如<MyComponent chart="chart1"/> <MyComponent chart="chart2"/>
我的解决方法是创建一个额外的vuex状态变量,我手动更新它以指向上次更新的属性。
这是一台Vuex。Ts实现示例:
export default new Vuex.Store({
state: {
hovEpacTduList: {}, // a json of arrays to be shared by different components,
// for example hovEpacTduList["chart1"]=[2,6,9]
hovEpacTduListChangeForChart: "chart1" // to watch for latest update,
// here to access "chart1" update
},
mutations: {
setHovEpacTduList: (state, payload) => {
state.hovEpacTduListChangeForChart = payload.chart // we will watch hovEpacTduListChangeForChart
state.hovEpacTduList[payload.chart] = payload.list // instead of hovEpacTduList, which vuex cannot watch
},
}
在任何Component函数上更新存储:
const payload = {chart:"chart1", list: [4,6,3]}
this.$store.commit('setHovEpacTduList', payload);
现在对任何组件进行更新:
computed: {
hovEpacTduListChangeForChart() {
return this.$store.state.hovEpacTduListChangeForChart;
}
},
watch: {
hovEpacTduListChangeForChart(chart) {
if (chart === this.chart) // the component was created with chart as a prop <MyComponent chart="chart1"/>
console.log("Update! for", chart, this.$store.state.hovEpacTduList[chart]);
},
},