让它工作，在values-v21样式或主题xml需要使用这个属性:

<项名称=“android：窗口半透明状态”>true</item>

这就是奇迹!

让它工作，在values-v21样式或主题xml需要使用这个属性:

<项名称=“android：窗口半透明状态”>true</item>

这就是奇迹!

编辑:新的设计支持库支持这一点，不再需要以前的方法。

现在可以使用新的Android设计支持库来实现这一点。

你可以看到Chris Banes的Cheesesquare样本应用，它演示了所有的新功能。

以前的方法:

由于没有完整的解决方案，这里是我实现预期结果的方法。

首先在你的项目中包含一个ScrimInsetsFrameLayout。

/*
* Copyright 2014 Google Inc.
*
* Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
* you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
* You may obtain a copy of the License at
*
*     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
*
* Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
* distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
* WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
* See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
* limitations under the License.
*/

/**
* A layout that draws something in the insets passed to 
* {@link #fitSystemWindows(Rect)}, i.e. the area above UI chrome
* (status and navigation bars, overlay action bars).
*/
public class ScrimInsetsFrameLayout extends FrameLayout {
    private Drawable mInsetForeground;

    private Rect mInsets;
    private Rect mTempRect = new Rect();
    private OnInsetsCallback mOnInsetsCallback;

    public ScrimInsetsFrameLayout(Context context) {
        super(context);
        init(context, null, 0);
    }

    public ScrimInsetsFrameLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
        super(context, attrs);
        init(context, attrs, 0);
    }

    public ScrimInsetsFrameLayout(
        Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
        init(context, attrs, defStyle);
    }

    private void init(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
        final TypedArray a = context.obtainStyledAttributes(attrs,
                R.styleable.ScrimInsetsView, defStyle, 0);
        if (a == null) {
            return;
        }
        mInsetForeground = a.getDrawable(
            R.styleable.ScrimInsetsView_insetForeground);
        a.recycle();

        setWillNotDraw(true);
    }

    @Override
    protected boolean fitSystemWindows(Rect insets) {
        mInsets = new Rect(insets);
        setWillNotDraw(mInsetForeground == null);
        ViewCompat.postInvalidateOnAnimation(this);
        if (mOnInsetsCallback != null) {
            mOnInsetsCallback.onInsetsChanged(insets);
        }
        return true; // consume insets
    }

    @Override
    public void draw(Canvas canvas) {
        super.draw(canvas);

        int width = getWidth();
        int height = getHeight();
        if (mInsets != null && mInsetForeground != null) {
            int sc = canvas.save();
            canvas.translate(getScrollX(), getScrollY());

            // Top
            mTempRect.set(0, 0, width, mInsets.top);
            mInsetForeground.setBounds(mTempRect);
            mInsetForeground.draw(canvas);

            // Bottom
            mTempRect.set(0, height - mInsets.bottom, width, height);
            mInsetForeground.setBounds(mTempRect);
            mInsetForeground.draw(canvas);

            // Left
            mTempRect.set(
                0, 
                mInsets.top, 
                mInsets.left, 
                height - mInsets.bottom);
            mInsetForeground.setBounds(mTempRect);
            mInsetForeground.draw(canvas);

            // Right
            mTempRect.set(
                width - mInsets.right, 
                mInsets.top, width, 
                height - mInsets.bottom);
            mInsetForeground.setBounds(mTempRect);
            mInsetForeground.draw(canvas);

            canvas.restoreToCount(sc);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onAttachedToWindow() {
        super.onAttachedToWindow();
        if (mInsetForeground != null) {
            mInsetForeground.setCallback(this);
        }
    }

    @Override
    protected void onDetachedFromWindow() {
        super.onDetachedFromWindow();
        if (mInsetForeground != null) {
            mInsetForeground.setCallback(null);
        }
    }

    /**
     * Allows the calling container to specify a callback for custom 
     * processing when insets change (i.e. when {@link #fitSystemWindows(Rect)}
     * is called. This is useful for setting padding on UI elements 
     * based on UI chrome insets (e.g. a Google Map or a ListView). 
     * When using with ListView or GridView, remember to set
     * clipToPadding to false.
     */
    public void setOnInsetsCallback(OnInsetsCallback onInsetsCallback) {
        mOnInsetsCallback = onInsetsCallback;
    }

    public static interface OnInsetsCallback {
        public void onInsetsChanged(Rect insets);
    }
}

然后创建一个可样式，这样inset前台就可以设置了。

值/ attrs.xml

<declare-styleable name="ScrimInsetsView">
    <attr name="insetForeground" format="reference|color" />
</declare-styleable>

更新你的活动的xml文件，并确保android:fitsSystemWindows设置为true在DrawerLayout以及ScrimInsetsFrameLayout。

布局/ activity_main.xml

<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout 
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:id="@+id/drawerLayout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
    tools:context=".MainActivity">

    <!-- The main content view -->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <!-- Your main content -->

    </LinearLayout>

    <!-- The navigation drawer -->
    <com.example.app.util.ScrimInsetsFrameLayout 
        xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
        android:id="@+id/scrimInsetsFrameLayout"
        android:layout_width="320dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="start"
        android:background="@color/white"
        android:elevation="10dp"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
        app:insetForeground="#4000">

        <!-- Your drawer content -->

    </com.example.app.util.ScrimInsetsFrameLayout>

</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

在活动的onCreate方法中，设置抽屉布局上的状态栏背景色。

MainActivity.java

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    // ...

    mDrawerLayout = (DrawerLayout) findViewById(R.id.drawerLayout);
    mDrawerLayout.setStatusBarBackgroundColor(
        getResources().getColor(R.color.primary_dark));
}

最后更新应用程序的主题，使DrawerLayout位于状态栏的后面。

values-v21 / styles.xml

<style name="AppTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
    <item name="android:windowDrawsSystemBarBackgrounds">true</item>
    <item name="android:statusBarColor">@android:color/transparent</item>
</style>

结果:

框架和支持库中的新功能正是这样做的。这里有三个“拼图”:

使用工具栏，以便您可以将操作栏嵌入到视图层次结构中。 使DrawerLayout适合systemwindows，以便它被布局在系统栏后面。 禁用的主题。材质的正常状态栏着色，以便DrawerLayout可以在那里绘制。

我假设您将使用新的appcompat。

首先，你的布局应该是这样的:

<!-- The important thing to note here is the added fitSystemWindows -->
<android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout
    xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/my_drawer_layout"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    <!-- Your normal content view -->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:orientation="vertical">

        <!-- We use a Toolbar so that our drawer can be displayed
             in front of the action bar -->
        <android.support.v7.widget.Toolbar  
            android:id="@+id/my_awesome_toolbar"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:minHeight="?attr/actionBarSize"
            android:background="?attr/colorPrimary" />

        <!-- The rest of your content view -->

    </LinearLayout>

    <!-- Your drawer view. This can be any view, LinearLayout
         is just an example. As we have set fitSystemWindows=true
         this will be displayed under the status bar. -->
    <LinearLayout
        android:layout_width="304dp"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_gravity="left|start"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

        <!-- Your drawer content -->

    </LinearLayout>

</android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout>

然后在你的活动/片段中:

public void onCreate(Bundled savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

    // Your normal setup. Blah blah ...

    // As we're using a Toolbar, we should retrieve it and set it
    // to be our ActionBar
    Toolbar toolbar = (...) findViewById(R.id.my_awesome_toolbar);
    setSupportActionBar(toolbar);

    // Now retrieve the DrawerLayout so that we can set the status bar color.
    // This only takes effect on Lollipop, or when using translucentStatusBar
    // on KitKat.
    DrawerLayout drawerLayout = (...) findViewById(R.id.my_drawer_layout);
    drawerLayout.setStatusBarBackgroundColor(yourChosenColor);
}

然后你需要确保DrawerLayout在状态栏后面是可见的。你可以通过改变values-v21主题来做到这一点:

values-v21 / themes.xml

<style name="Theme.MyApp" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
    <item name="android:windowDrawsSystemBarBackgrounds">true</item>
    <item name="android:statusBarColor">@android:color/transparent</item>
    <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
</style>

注意: 如果一个<fragment android:name="fragments. fragment . "使用“>”代替

<LinearLayout
    android:layout_width="304dp"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:layout_gravity="left|start"
    android:fitsSystemWindows="true">

    <!-- Your drawer content -->

</LinearLayout>

如果你在一个视图上调用fitsSystemWindows(布尔值)，你从onCreateView方法返回，就会达到预期的效果。

@Override
public View onCreateView(LayoutInflater inflater, 
                         ViewGroup container,
                         Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    View mDrawerListView = inflater.inflate(
        R.layout.fragment_navigation_drawer, container, false);
    mDrawerListView.setFitsSystemWindows(true);
    return mDrawerListView;
}

这是最简单的，对我来说很管用:

在值-21中:

<resources>
    <style name="AppTheme" parent="AppTheme.Base">
        ...
        <item name="android:windowTranslucentStatus">true</item>
    </style>
    <dimen name="topMargin">25dp</dimen>
</resources>

在值中:

<resources>
    <dimen name="topMargin">0dp</dimen>
</resources>

并设置到工具栏

android:layout_marginTop="@dimen/topMargin"

这里提到的所有答案都太旧太长了。与最新的Navigationview一起工作的最佳和简短的解决方案是

@Override
public void onDrawerSlide(View drawerView, float slideOffset) {
    super.onDrawerSlide(drawerView, slideOffset);

    try {
        //int currentapiVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;
        if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP){
            // Do something for lollipop and above versions

        Window window = getWindow();

        // clear FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS flag:
        window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS);

        // add FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS flag to the window
        window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS);

        // finally change the color to any color with transparency

         window.setStatusBarColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorPrimaryDarktrans));}

    } catch (Exception e) {

        Crashlytics.logException(e);

    }
}

这将改变你的状态栏颜色为透明当你打开抽屉

现在，当你关闭抽屉，你需要改变状态栏颜色再次为深色。你可以这样做。

        public void onDrawerClosed(View drawerView) {
        super.onDrawerClosed(drawerView);
        try {
    if (android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.LOLLIPOP){
    // Do something for lollipop and above versions

    Window window = getWindow();

    // clear FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS flag:
    window.clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_TRANSLUCENT_STATUS);

    // add FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS flag to the window
    window.addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_DRAWS_SYSTEM_BAR_BACKGROUNDS);

    // finally change the color again to dark
    window.setStatusBarColor(getResources().getColor(R.color.colorPrimaryDark));}
    } catch (Exception e) {
    Crashlytics.logException(e);
                    }
                    }

然后在主布局中添加一行

            android:fitsSystemWindows="true"

你的抽屉布局会是这样的

            <android.support.v4.widget.DrawerLayout     
            xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
            xmlns:app="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res-auto"
            xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
            android:id="@+id/drawer_layout"
            android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
            android:layout_width="match_parent"
            android:layout_height="match_parent">

导航视图是这样的

    <android.support.design.widget.NavigationView
        android:id="@+id/navigation_view"
        android:layout_height="match_parent"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_gravity="start"
        android:fitsSystemWindows="true"
        app:headerLayout="@layout/navigation_header"
        app:menu="@menu/drawer"
        />

我已经测试过了，它完全可以工作。希望它能帮助到别人。这可能不是最好的方法，但它工作平稳，实现简单。 如果有用的话，做个记号。快乐编码:)