虽然这里有几个很好的和有用的答案，但我没有找到一个似乎是性能、跨平台和健壮性的正确组合;所以我想分享一下我为我的代码编写的解决方案:

#!/bin/bash

# array_contains "$needle" "${haystack[@]}"
#
# Returns 0 if an item ($1) is contained in an array ($@).
#
# Developer note:
#    The use of a delimiter here leaves something to be desired. The ideal
#    method seems to be to use `grep` with --line-regexp and --null-data, but
#    Mac/BSD grep doesn't support --line-regexp.
function array_contains()
{
    # Extract and remove the needle from $@.
    local needle="$1"
    shift

    # Separates strings in the array for matching. Must be extremely-unlikely
    # to appear in the input array or the needle.
    local delimiter='#!-\8/-!#'

    # Create a string with containing every (delimited) element in the array,
    # and search it for the needle with grep in fixed-string mode.
    if printf "${delimiter}%s${delimiter}" "$@" | \
        grep --fixed-strings --quiet "${delimiter}${needle}${delimiter}"; then
        return 0
    fi

    return 1
}

下面的代码检查给定值是否在数组中，并返回其从零开始的偏移量:

A=("one" "two" "three four")
VALUE="two"

if [[ "$(declare -p A)" =~ '['([0-9]+)']="'$VALUE'"' ]];then
  echo "Found $VALUE at offset ${BASH_REMATCH[1]}"
else
  echo "Couldn't find $VALUE"
fi

匹配是在完整的值上完成的，因此设置VALUE="three"将不匹配。

@ghostdog74关于使用大小写逻辑检查数组包含特定值的回答的一个小补充:

myarray=(one two three)
word=two
case "${myarray[@]}" in  ("$word "*|*" $word "*|*" $word") echo "found" ;; esac

或者打开extglob选项，你可以这样做:

myarray=(one two three)
word=two
shopt -s extglob
case "${myarray[@]}" in ?(*" ")"$word"?(" "*)) echo "found" ;; esac

我们也可以用if语句:

myarray=(one two three)
word=two
if [[ $(printf "_[%s]_" "${myarray[@]}") =~ .*_\[$word\]_.* ]]; then echo "found"; fi

for i in "${array[@]}"
do
    if [ "$i" -eq "$yourValue" ] ; then
        echo "Found"
    fi
done

字符串:

for i in "${array[@]}"
do
    if [ "$i" == "$yourValue" ] ; then
        echo "Found"
    fi
done

我的版本的正则表达式技术，已经建议:

values=(foo bar)
requestedValue=bar

requestedValue=${requestedValue##[[:space:]]}
requestedValue=${requestedValue%%[[:space:]]}
[[ "${values[@]/#/X-}" =~ "X-${requestedValue}" ]] || echo "Unsupported value"

What's happening here is that you're expanding the entire array of supported values into words and prepending a specific string, "X-" in this case, to each of them, and doing the same to the requested value. If this one is indeed contained in the array, then the resulting string will at most match one of the resulting tokens, or none at all in the contrary. In the latter case the || operator triggers and you know you're dealing with an unsupported value. Prior to all of that the requested value is stripped of all leading and trailing whitespace through standard shell string manipulation.

我相信它是干净而优雅的，尽管如果支持的值数组特别大，我不太确定它的性能如何。

这对我来说很管用:

# traditional system call return values-- used in an `if`, this will be true when returning 0. Very Odd.
contains () {
    # odd syntax here for passing array parameters: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8082947/how-to-pass-an-array-to-a-bash-function
    local list=$1[@]
    local elem=$2

    # echo "list" ${!list}
    # echo "elem" $elem

    for i in "${!list}"
    do
        # echo "Checking to see if" "$i" "is the same as" "${elem}"
        if [ "$i" == "${elem}" ] ; then
            # echo "$i" "was the same as" "${elem}"
            return 0
        fi
    done

    # echo "Could not find element"
    return 1
}

示例调用:

arr=("abc" "xyz" "123")
if contains arr "abcx"; then
    echo "Yes"
else
    echo "No"
fi