属性”……'没有初始化式，并且在构造函数中没有明确赋值

在我的Angular应用中，我有一个组件:

import { MakeService } from './../../services/make.service';
import { Component, OnInit } from '@angular/core';

@Component({
  selector: 'app-vehicle-form',
  templateUrl: './vehicle-form.component.html',
  styleUrls: ['./vehicle-form.component.css']
})
export class VehicleFormComponent implements OnInit {
  makes: any[];
  vehicle = {};

  constructor(private makeService: MakeService) { }

  ngOnInit() {
    this.makeService.getMakes().subscribe(makes => { this.makes = makes
      console.log("MAKES", this.makes);
    });
  }

  onMakeChange(){
    console.log("VEHICLE", this.vehicle);
  }
}

但是在“制造”属性中我犯了一个错误。我不知道该怎么办……

当前回答

这个已经在Angular Github的https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/24571上讨论过了

我认为这是每个人都会转向的方向

引用自https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/24571#issuecomment-404606595

For angular components, use the following rules in deciding between:
a) adding initializer
b) make the field optional
c) leave the '!'

If the field is annotated with @input - Make the field optional b) or add an initializer a).
If the input is required for the component user - add an assertion in ngOnInit and apply c.
If the field is annotated @ViewChild, @ContentChild - Make the field optional b).
If the field is annotated with @ViewChildren or @ContentChildren - Add back '!' - c).
Fields that have an initializer, but it lives in ngOnInit. - Move the initializer to the constructor.
Fields that have an initializer, but it lives in ngOnInit and cannot be moved because it depends on other @input fields - Add back '!' - c).

2021-09-30 15:45:46

其他回答

你需要禁用——strictPropertyInitialization Sajeetharan提到的，或者做这样的事情来满足初始化需求:

makes: any[] = [];

2018-04-06 18:42:32

只需转到tsconfig。Json和set

"compilerOptions": {
    "strictPropertyInitialization": false,
    ...
}

来消除编译错误。

否则你需要初始化所有的变量这有点烦人

2018-05-08 20:37:00

新版本的typescript引入了严格的类初始化，这意味着你需要在构造函数体中初始化类中的所有属性，或者通过属性初始化器。在typescript文档中检查它为了避免这种情况，您可以添加(!或者?

make!: any[] or make? : any[]

否则，如果您希望在项目中永久删除严格类检查你可以在tsconfig中设置strictPropertyInitialization": false。json文件

" compilerOptions ": { ．... “noImplicitReturns”:假的, ．... “strictPropertyInitialization”:假的 }，

2021-12-29 18:08:28

如果您不想更改您的tsconfig。Json，你可以这样定义你的类:

class Address{
  street: string = ''
}

或者，你也可以这样做:

class Address{
  street!: string
}

通过在变量名后添加感叹号“!”，Typescript将确保该变量不是null或未定义的。

2022-03-02 10:02:28

这个已经在Angular Github的https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/24571上讨论过了

我认为这是每个人都会转向的方向

引用自https://github.com/angular/angular/issues/24571#issuecomment-404606595

For angular components, use the following rules in deciding between:
a) adding initializer
b) make the field optional
c) leave the '!'

If the field is annotated with @input - Make the field optional b) or add an initializer a).
If the input is required for the component user - add an assertion in ngOnInit and apply c.
If the field is annotated @ViewChild, @ContentChild - Make the field optional b).
If the field is annotated with @ViewChildren or @ContentChildren - Add back '!' - c).
Fields that have an initializer, but it lives in ngOnInit. - Move the initializer to the constructor.
Fields that have an initializer, but it lives in ngOnInit and cannot be moved because it depends on other @input fields - Add back '!' - c).

2021-09-30 15:45:46

属性”……'没有初始化式，并且在构造函数中没有明确赋值

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