我将从理论上和实践上解释bind

javascript中的bind是一种方法--Function.prototype.bind.bind是一个方法。它是在函数原型上调用的。此方法创建一个函数，其主体与调用该函数的函数相似，但“This”引用传递给绑定方法的第一个参数。其语法为

     var bindedFunc = Func.bind(thisObj,optionsArg1,optionalArg2,optionalArg3,...);

示例：--

  var checkRange = function(value){
      if(typeof value !== "number"){
              return false;
      }
      else {
         return value >= this.minimum && value <= this.maximum;
      }
  }

  var range = {minimum:10,maximum:20};

  var boundedFunc = checkRange.bind(range); //bounded Function. this refers to range
  var result = boundedFunc(15); //passing value
  console.log(result) // will give true;

Bind创建一个新函数，该函数将强制函数内部的this作为传递给Bind（）的参数。

下面是一个示例，展示了如何使用bind传递具有正确this的成员方法：

var myButton = {
  content: 'OK',
  click() {
    console.log(this.content + ' clicked');
  }
};

myButton.click();

var looseClick = myButton.click;
looseClick(); // not bound, 'this' is not myButton - it is the globalThis

var boundClick = myButton.click.bind(myButton);
boundClick(); // bound, 'this' is myButton

打印结果：

OK clicked
undefined clicked
OK clicked

您还可以在第一个（this）参数之后添加额外的参数，bind将把这些值传递给原始函数。稍后传递给绑定函数的任何其他参数将在绑定参数之后传递：

// Example showing binding some parameters
var sum = function(a, b) {
  return a + b;
};

var add5 = sum.bind(null, 5);
console.log(add5(10));

打印结果：

15

查看JavaScript函数绑定以获取更多信息和交互式示例。

更新：ECMAScript 2015增加了对=>函数的支持。=>函数更紧凑，不会从其定义范围更改this指针，因此您可能不需要经常使用bind（）。例如，如果您希望第一个示例中Button上的一个函数将单击回调连接到DOM事件，以下都是实现这一点的有效方法：

var myButton = {
  ... // As above
  hookEvent(element) {
    // Use bind() to ensure 'this' is the 'this' inside click()
    element.addEventListener('click', this.click.bind(this));
  }
};

Or:

var myButton = {
  ... // As above
  hookEvent(element) {
    // Use a new variable for 'this' since 'this' inside the function
    // will not be the 'this' inside hookEvent()
    var me = this;
    element.addEventListener('click', function() { me.click() });
  }
};    

Or:

var myButton = {
  ... // As above
  hookEvent(element) {
    // => functions do not change 'this', so you can use it directly
    element.addEventListener('click', () => this.click());
  }
};

简单的例子

function lol(second, third) {
    console.log(this.first, second, third);
}

lol(); // undefined, undefined, undefined
lol('1'); // undefined, "1", undefined
lol('1', '2'); // undefined, "1", "2"

lol.call({first: '1'}); // "1", undefined, undefined
lol.call({first: '1'}, '2'); // "1", "2", undefined
lol.call({first: '1'}, '2', '3'); // "1", "2", "3"

lol.apply({first: '1'}); // "1", undefined, undefined
lol.apply({first: '1'}, ['2', '3']); // "1", "2", "3"

const newLol = lol.bind({first: '1'}); 
newLol(); // "1", undefined, undefined
newLol('2'); // "1", "2", undefined
newLol('2', '3'); // "1", "2", "3"

const newOmg = lol.bind({first: '1'}, '2');
newOmg(); // "1", "2", undefined
newOmg('3'); // "1", "2", "3"

const newWtf = lol.bind({first: '1'}, '2', '3');
newWtf(); // "1", "2", "3"

/**
 * Bind is a method inherited from Function.prototype same like call and apply
 * It basically helps to bind a function to an object's context during initialisation 
 * 
 * */

window.myname = "Jineesh";  
var foo = function(){ 
  return this.myname;
};

//IE < 8 has issues with this, supported in ecmascript 5
var obj = { 
    myname : "John", 
    fn:foo.bind(window)// binds to window object
}; 
console.log( obj.fn() ); // Returns Jineesh

bind（）方法创建一个新函数，当调用该函数时，将其this关键字设置为所提供的值，并在调用新函数时提供的任何参数之前设置一个给定的参数序列。

第一部分的示例

使用St8从反应包中抓取

import { useState } from "react"

function st8() {
    switch(arguments.length) {
        case 0: return this[0]
        case 1: return void this[1](arguments[0])
        default: throw new Error("Expected 0 or 1 arguments")
    }
}


function useSt8(initial) {
    // this in st8 will be something like [state, setSatate]
    return st8.bind(useState(initial))
}

// usage
function Counter() {
  const count = useSt8(0);
  return (
    <>
      Count: {count()}
      <button onClick={() => count(0)}>Reset</button>
      <button onClick={() => count(prevCount => prevCount + 1)}>inc</button>
    </>
  );
}

第二部分的示例

const add = (a, b) => a+b

someThis = this
// new function with this value equal to someThis
add5 = add.bind(someThis, 5) 
add5(10) // 15

// we don't use this in add decelartion so this will work too.
add10 = add.bind(null, 10) 
add10(5) // 15

如上所述，Function.bind（）允许您指定函数将在其中执行的上下文（也就是说，它允许您传递this关键字将解析到函数体中的对象）。

执行类似服务的两个类似工具包API方法：

jQuery.proxy（）

Dojo.hhitch（）