我有这样一个嵌套列表:
l = [['40', '20', '10', '30'], ['20', '20', '20', '20', '20', '30', '20'], ['30', '20', '30', '50', '10', '30', '20', '20', '20'], ['100', '100'], ['100', '100', '100', '100', '100'], ['100', '100', '100', '100']]
我想把l中的每个元素都转换为float。我有这样的代码:
newList = []
for x in l:
for y in x:
newList.append(float(y))
如何用嵌套的列表理解来解决这个问题?
另请参阅:如何从列表理解而不是嵌套列表中获得平坦的结果?
当前回答
是的，你可以这样做。
[[float(y) for y in x] for x in l]
其他回答
下面是如何将嵌套for循环转换为嵌套列表推导式:
下面是嵌套列表理解的工作原理:
l a b c d e f
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
In [1]: l = [ [ [ [ [ [ 1 ] ] ] ] ] ]
In [2]: for a in l:
...: for b in a:
...: for c in b:
...: for d in c:
...: for e in d:
...: for f in e:
...: print(float(f))
...:
1.0
In [3]: [float(f)
for a in l
...: for b in a
...: for c in b
...: for d in c
...: for e in d
...: for f in e]
Out[3]: [1.0]
对于你的例子，如果你想要一个平面列表，它会是这样的。
In [4]: new_list = [float(y) for x in l for y in x]
不确定您想要的输出是什么，但如果您使用的是列表推导式，则顺序遵循嵌套循环的顺序，这是向后的。我拿到了你想要的东西
[float(y) for x in l for y in x]
其原则是:使用与编写嵌套for循环相同的顺序。
如果需要一个扁平的列表:
[y for x in l for y in x]
如果需要一个嵌套列表(list In list):
[[float(y) for y in x] for x in l]
我想分享一下列表推导式实际上是如何工作的，特别是对于嵌套的列表推导式:
new_list= [float(x) for x in l]
其实和:
new_list=[]
for x in l:
new_list.append(float(x))
现在对于嵌套列表的理解:
[[float(y) for y in x] for x in l]
等于:
new_list=[]
for x in l:
sub_list=[]
for y in x:
sub_list.append(float(y))
new_list.append(sub_list)
print(new_list)
输出:
[[40.0, 20.0, 10.0, 30.0], [20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 30.0, 20.0], [30.0, 20.0, 30.0, 50.0, 10.0, 30.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0], [100.0, 100.0], [100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0], [100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0]]
如果你不喜欢嵌套的列表推导式，你也可以使用map函数，
>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> l = l = [['40', '20', '10', '30'], ['20', '20', '20', '20', '20', '30', '20'], ['30', '20', '30', '50', '10', '30', '20', '20', '20'], ['100', '100'], ['100', '100', '100', '100', '100'], ['100', '100', '100', '100']]
>>> pprint(l)
[['40', '20', '10', '30'],
['20', '20', '20', '20', '20', '30', '20'],
['30', '20', '30', '50', '10', '30', '20', '20', '20'],
['100', '100'],
['100', '100', '100', '100', '100'],
['100', '100', '100', '100']]
>>> float_l = [map(float, nested_list) for nested_list in l]
>>> pprint(float_l)
[[40.0, 20.0, 10.0, 30.0],
[20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0, 30.0, 20.0],
[30.0, 20.0, 30.0, 50.0, 10.0, 30.0, 20.0, 20.0, 20.0],
[100.0, 100.0],
[100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0],
[100.0, 100.0, 100.0, 100.0]]
