如何生成日期时间戳,使用格式标准为ISO 8601和RFC 3339?

目标是一个看起来像这样的字符串:

"2015-01-01T00:00:00.000Z"

格式:

年、月、日,如“XXXX-XX-XX” 用字母“T”作为分隔符 时,分,秒,毫秒,如“XX:XX:XX. xxx”。 字母“Z”作为零偏移的区域指示符,也就是UTC, GMT, Zulu时间。

最好的情况:

Swift源代码简单,简短,直接。 不需要使用任何额外的框架、子项目、cocoapod、C代码等。

我已经搜索了StackOverflow,谷歌,Apple等,还没有找到一个Swift的答案。

最有前途的类是NSDate, NSDateFormatter, NSTimeZone。

相关问答:如何在iOS上获得ISO 8601日期?

这是我目前为止想到的最好的:

var now = NSDate()
var formatter = NSDateFormatter()
formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSS'Z'"
formatter.timeZone = NSTimeZone(forSecondsFromGMT: 0)
println(formatter.stringFromDate(now))

当前回答

斯威夫特5

如果你的目标系统是iOS 11.0+ / macOS 10.13+,你只需使用带有withInternetDateTime和withFractionalSeconds选项的ISO8601DateFormatter,如下所示:

let date = Date()

let iso8601DateFormatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
iso8601DateFormatter.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
let string = iso8601DateFormatter.string(from: date)

// string looks like "2020-03-04T21:39:02.112Z"

其他回答

为了补充Leo Dabus的版本,我增加了对Swift和Objective-C编写的项目的支持,也增加了对可选毫秒的支持,可能不是最好的,但你会明白的:

Xcode 8和Swift 3

extension Date {
    struct Formatter {
        static let iso8601: DateFormatter = {
            let formatter = DateFormatter()
            formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
            formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
            formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)
            formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSXXXXX"
            return formatter
        }()
    }

    var iso8601: String {
        return Formatter.iso8601.string(from: self)
    }
}


extension String {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        var data = self
        if self.range(of: ".") == nil {
            // Case where the string doesn't contain the optional milliseconds
            data = data.replacingOccurrences(of: "Z", with: ".000000Z")
        }
        return Date.Formatter.iso8601.date(from: data)
    }
}


extension NSString {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        return (self as String).dateFromISO8601
    }
}

斯威夫特5

如果你的目标系统是iOS 11.0+ / macOS 10.13+,你只需使用带有withInternetDateTime和withFractionalSeconds选项的ISO8601DateFormatter,如下所示:

let date = Date()

let iso8601DateFormatter = ISO8601DateFormatter()
iso8601DateFormatter.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
let string = iso8601DateFormatter.string(from: date)

// string looks like "2020-03-04T21:39:02.112Z"

基于对象范例中可接受的答案

class ISO8601Format
{
    let format: ISO8601DateFormatter

    init() {
        let format = ISO8601DateFormatter()
        format.formatOptions = [.withInternetDateTime, .withFractionalSeconds]
        format.timeZone = TimeZone(secondsFromGMT: 0)!
        self.format = format
    }

    func date(from string: String) -> Date {
        guard let date = format.date(from: string) else { fatalError() }
        return date
    }

    func string(from date: Date) -> String { return format.string(from: date) }
}


class ISO8601Time
{
    let date: Date
    let format = ISO8601Format() //FIXME: Duplication

    required init(date: Date) { self.date = date }

    convenience init(string: String) {
        let format = ISO8601Format() //FIXME: Duplication
        let date = format.date(from: string)
        self.init(date: date)
    }

    func concise() -> String { return format.string(from: date) }

    func description() -> String { return date.description(with: .current) }
}

callsite

let now = Date()
let time1 = ISO8601Time(date: now)
print("time1.concise(): \(time1.concise())")
print("time1: \(time1.description())")


let time2 = ISO8601Time(string: "2020-03-24T23:16:17.661Z")
print("time2.concise(): \(time2.concise())")
print("time2: \(time2.description())")

为了进一步赞扬Andrés托雷斯Marroquín和利奥·达布斯,我有一个保留小数秒的版本。我在任何地方都找不到它的文档,但苹果在输入和输出上都将小数秒截断为微秒(3位精度)(即使使用SSSSSSS指定,与Unicode tr35-31相反)。

我应该强调,对于大多数用例来说,这可能不是必需的。在线约会通常不需要毫秒级的精度,如果需要,使用不同的数据格式通常会更好。但有时必须以特定的方式与预先存在的系统进行互操作。

Xcode 8/9和Swift 3.0-3.2

extension Date {
    struct Formatter {
        static let iso8601: DateFormatter = {
            let formatter = DateFormatter()
            formatter.calendar = Calendar(identifier: .iso8601)
            formatter.locale = Locale(identifier: "en_US_POSIX")
            formatter.timeZone = TimeZone(identifier: "UTC")
            formatter.dateFormat = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss.SSSSSSXXXXX"
            return formatter
        }()
    }

    var iso8601: String {
        // create base Date format 
         var formatted = DateFormatter.iso8601.string(from: self)

        // Apple returns millisecond precision. find the range of the decimal portion
         if let fractionStart = formatted.range(of: "."),
             let fractionEnd = formatted.index(fractionStart.lowerBound, offsetBy: 7, limitedBy: formatted.endIndex) {
             let fractionRange = fractionStart.lowerBound..<fractionEnd
            // replace the decimal range with our own 6 digit fraction output
             let microseconds = self.timeIntervalSince1970 - floor(self.timeIntervalSince1970)
             var microsecondsStr = String(format: "%.06f", microseconds)
             microsecondsStr.remove(at: microsecondsStr.startIndex)
             formatted.replaceSubrange(fractionRange, with: microsecondsStr)
        }
         return formatted
    }
}

extension String {
    var dateFromISO8601: Date? {
        guard let parsedDate = Date.Formatter.iso8601.date(from: self) else {
            return nil
        }

        var preliminaryDate = Date(timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate: floor(parsedDate.timeIntervalSinceReferenceDate))

        if let fractionStart = self.range(of: "."),
            let fractionEnd = self.index(fractionStart.lowerBound, offsetBy: 7, limitedBy: self.endIndex) {
            let fractionRange = fractionStart.lowerBound..<fractionEnd
            let fractionStr = self.substring(with: fractionRange)

            if var fraction = Double(fractionStr) {
                fraction = Double(floor(1000000*fraction)/1000000)
                preliminaryDate.addTimeInterval(fraction)
            }
        }
        return preliminaryDate
    }
}

在我的情况下,我必须将DynamoDB - lastUpdated列(Unix时间戳)转换为正常时间。

lastUpdated的初始值是:1460650607601 -转换为2016-04-14 16:16:47 +0000通过:

   if let lastUpdated : String = userObject.lastUpdated {

                let epocTime = NSTimeInterval(lastUpdated)! / 1000 // convert it from milliseconds dividing it by 1000

                let unixTimestamp = NSDate(timeIntervalSince1970: epocTime) //convert unix timestamp to Date
                let dateFormatter = NSDateFormatter()
                dateFormatter.timeZone = NSTimeZone()
                dateFormatter.locale = NSLocale.currentLocale() // NSLocale(localeIdentifier: "en_US_POSIX")
                dateFormatter.dateFormat =  "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZZZZ"
                dateFormatter.dateFromString(String(unixTimestamp))

                let updatedTimeStamp = unixTimestamp
                print(updatedTimeStamp)

            }