只有Bash内置程序，紧跟BashFAQ/003:

shopt -s nullglob

for f in * .*; do
    [[ -d $f ]] && continue
    [[ $f -nt $latest ]] && latest=$f
done

printf '%s\n' "$latest"

ls -Art | tail -n 1

这将返回最新修改的文件或目录。不是很优雅，但是很好用。

使用国旗:

-A列出所有文件。和. .

-r在排序时倒序

-t按时间排序，latest在前

找到前缀为shravan*的文件并查看

less $(ls -Art shravan* | tail -n 1)

查找/排序解决方案工作得很好，直到文件数量变得非常大(比如整个文件系统)。使用awk来跟踪最近的文件:

find $DIR -type f -printf "%T@ %p\n" | 
awk '
BEGIN { recent = 0; file = "" }
{
if ($1 > recent)
   {
   recent = $1;
   file = $0;
   }
}
END { print file; }' |
sed 's/^[0-9]*\.[0-9]* //'

这是一个递归版本(即，它在某个目录或其任何子目录中查找最近更新的文件)

find /dir/path -type f -printf "%T@ %p\n" | sort -n | cut -d' ' -f 2- | tail -n 1

命令行简单的外行解释:

find /dir/path -type f finds all the files in the directory -printf "%T@ %p\n" prints a line for each file where %T@ is the float seconds since 1970 epoch and %p is the filename path and \n is the new line character for more info see man find | is a shell pipe (see man bash section on Pipelines) sort -n means to sort on the first column and to treat the token as numerical instead of lexicographic (see man sort) cut -d' ' -f 2- means to split each line using the character and then to print all tokens starting at the second token (see man cut) NOTE: -f 2 would print only the second token tail -n 1 means to print the last line (see man tail)

所有这些ls/tail解决方案都非常适用于目录中的文件—忽略子目录。

为了在搜索中包含所有文件(递归地)，可以使用find。Gioele建议对格式化的查找输出进行排序。但是要小心使用空格(他的建议不适用于空格)。

这应该适用于所有文件名:

find $DIR -type f -printf "%T@ %p\n" | sort -n | sed -r 's/^[0-9.]+\s+//' | tail -n 1 | xargs -I{} ls -l "{}"

这一分类由时，见人发现:

%Ak    File's  last  access  time in the format specified by k, which is either `@' or a directive for the C `strftime' function.  The possible values for k are listed below; some of them might not be available on all systems, due to differences in `strftime' between systems.
       @      seconds since Jan. 1, 1970, 00:00 GMT, with fractional part.
%Ck    File's last status change time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.
%Tk    File's last modification time in the format specified by k, which is the same as for %A.

用%C替换%T，按ctime排序。