当一个字符串被传递给一个带有返回语句的函数时,你如何在JavaScript中反转它,而不使用内置函数(.reverse(), . charat()等)?
当前回答
首先,使用array .from()将字符串转换为数组,然后使用array .prototype.reverse()将数组反向,然后使用array .prototype.join()将其转换为字符串。
const reverse = str => Array.from(str).reverse().join('');
其他回答
我自己最初的尝试…
var str = "The Car";
function reverseStr(str) {
var reversed = "";
var len = str.length;
for (var i = 1; i < (len + 1); i++) {
reversed += str[len - i];
}
return reversed;
}
var strReverse = reverseStr(str);
console.log(strReverse);
// "raC ehT"
http://jsbin.com/bujiwo/19/edit?js,console,output
我们可以从字符串数组的两端开始迭代:start和end,并在每次迭代中交换。
function reverse(str) {
let strArray = str.split("");
let start = 0;
let end = strArray.length - 1;
while(start <= end) {
let temp = strArray[start];
strArray[start] = strArray[end];
strArray[end] = temp;
start++;
end--;
}
return strArray.join("");
}
虽然操作次数减少了,但其时间复杂度仍为O(n) 操作的数量仍然与输入的大小成线性比例。
参考: 阿尔戈日报
使用内置函数反转字符串
函数reverse(str) { //使用split()方法返回一个新数组 //使用reverse()方法反转新创建的数组 //使用join()方法将数组中的所有元素连接成一个字符串 返回str.split (" ") .reverse () . join (" "); } console.log(反向('你好'));
反转一个没有helper的字符串
函数reversedOf(str) { let newStr = "; For (let char of str) { newStr = char + newStr / /轮1:“h”+“= h,第二轮:“e”+“h”=“嗯”…等。 / / console.log (newStr); } 返回newStr; } console.log (reversedOf('你好'));
看来我已经迟到3年了…
不幸的是,正如已经指出的那样,你不能。参见JavaScript字符串是不可变的吗?我需要一个“字符串生成器”在JavaScript?
你能做的下一个最好的事情是创建一个“视图”或“包装器”,它接受一个字符串并重新实现你正在使用的字符串API的任何部分,但假装字符串是反向的。例如:
var identity = function(x){return x};
function LazyString(s) {
this.original = s;
this.length = s.length;
this.start = 0; this.stop = this.length; this.dir = 1; // "virtual" slicing
// (dir=-1 if reversed)
this._caseTransform = identity;
}
// syntactic sugar to create new object:
function S(s) {
return new LazyString(s);
}
//We now implement a `"...".reversed` which toggles a flag which will change our math:
(function(){ // begin anonymous scope
var x = LazyString.prototype;
// Addition to the String API
x.reversed = function() {
var s = new LazyString(this.original);
s.start = this.stop - this.dir;
s.stop = this.start - this.dir;
s.dir = -1*this.dir;
s.length = this.length;
s._caseTransform = this._caseTransform;
return s;
}
//We also override string coercion for some extra versatility (not really necessary):
// OVERRIDE STRING COERCION
// - for string concatenation e.g. "abc"+reversed("abc")
x.toString = function() {
if (typeof this._realized == 'undefined') { // cached, to avoid recalculation
this._realized = this.dir==1 ?
this.original.slice(this.start,this.stop) :
this.original.slice(this.stop+1,this.start+1).split("").reverse().join("");
this._realized = this._caseTransform.call(this._realized, this._realized);
}
return this._realized;
}
//Now we reimplement the String API by doing some math:
// String API:
// Do some math to figure out which character we really want
x.charAt = function(i) {
return this.slice(i, i+1).toString();
}
x.charCodeAt = function(i) {
return this.slice(i, i+1).toString().charCodeAt(0);
}
// Slicing functions:
x.slice = function(start,stop) {
// lazy chaining version of https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/Array/slice
if (stop===undefined)
stop = this.length;
var relativeStart = start<0 ? this.length+start : start;
var relativeStop = stop<0 ? this.length+stop : stop;
if (relativeStart >= this.length)
relativeStart = this.length;
if (relativeStart < 0)
relativeStart = 0;
if (relativeStop > this.length)
relativeStop = this.length;
if (relativeStop < 0)
relativeStop = 0;
if (relativeStop < relativeStart)
relativeStop = relativeStart;
var s = new LazyString(this.original);
s.length = relativeStop - relativeStart;
s.start = this.start + this.dir*relativeStart;
s.stop = s.start + this.dir*s.length;
s.dir = this.dir;
//console.log([this.start,this.stop,this.dir,this.length], [s.start,s.stop,s.dir,s.length])
s._caseTransform = this._caseTransform;
return s;
}
x.substring = function() {
// ...
}
x.substr = function() {
// ...
}
//Miscellaneous functions:
// Iterative search
x.indexOf = function(value) {
for(var i=0; i<this.length; i++)
if (value==this.charAt(i))
return i;
return -1;
}
x.lastIndexOf = function() {
for(var i=this.length-1; i>=0; i--)
if (value==this.charAt(i))
return i;
return -1;
}
// The following functions are too complicated to reimplement easily.
// Instead just realize the slice and do it the usual non-in-place way.
x.match = function() {
var s = this.toString();
return s.apply(s, arguments);
}
x.replace = function() {
var s = this.toString();
return s.apply(s, arguments);
}
x.search = function() {
var s = this.toString();
return s.apply(s, arguments);
}
x.split = function() {
var s = this.toString();
return s.apply(s, arguments);
}
// Case transforms:
x.toLowerCase = function() {
var s = new LazyString(this.original);
s._caseTransform = ''.toLowerCase;
s.start=this.start; s.stop=this.stop; s.dir=this.dir; s.length=this.length;
return s;
}
x.toUpperCase = function() {
var s = new LazyString(this.original);
s._caseTransform = ''.toUpperCase;
s.start=this.start; s.stop=this.stop; s.dir=this.dir; s.length=this.length;
return s;
}
})() // end anonymous scope
演示:
> r = S('abcABC')
LazyString
original: "abcABC"
__proto__: LazyString
> r.charAt(1); // doesn't reverse string!!! (good if very long)
"B"
> r.toLowerCase() // must reverse string, so does so
"cbacba"
> r.toUpperCase() // string already reversed: no extra work
"CBACBA"
> r + '-demo-' + r // natural coercion, string already reversed: no extra work
"CBAcba-demo-CBAcba"
最重要的是——下面是用纯数学来完成的,每个角色只访问一次,而且是在必要的时候:
> 'demo: ' + S('0123456789abcdef').slice(3).reversed().slice(1,-1).toUpperCase()
"demo: EDCBA987654"
> S('0123456789ABCDEF').slice(3).reversed().slice(1,-1).toLowerCase().charAt(3)
"b"
如果应用于一个非常大的字符串,如果您只取其中相对较小的部分,则可以节省大量的时间。
Whether this is worth it (over reversing-as-a-copy like in most programming languages) highly depends on your use case and how efficiently you reimplement the string API. For example if all you want is to do string index manipulation, or take small slices or substrs, this will save you space and time. If you're planning on printing large reversed slices or substrings however, the savings may be small indeed, even worse than having done a full copy. Your "reversed" string will also not have the type string, though you might be able to fake this with prototyping.
The above demo implementation creates a new object of type ReversedString. It is prototyped, and therefore fairly efficient, with almost minimal work and minimal space overhead (prototype definitions are shared). It is a lazy implementation involving deferred slicing. Whenever you perform a function like .slice or .reversed, it will perform index mathematics. Finally when you extract data (by implicitly calling .toString() or .charCodeAt(...) or something), it will apply those in a "smart" manner, touching the least data possible.
注意:上面的字符串API是一个例子,可能不能完美地实现。你也可以只使用你需要的1-2个函数。
在JavaScript中有许多方法可以反转字符串。我正在记下我喜欢的三种方法。
方法一:使用反向函数:
function reverse(str) {
return str.split('').reverse().join('');
}
方法2:循环字符:
function reverse(str) {
let reversed = '';
for (let character of str) {
reversed = character + reversed;
}
return reversed;
}
方法3:使用reduce函数:
function reverse(str) {
return str.split('').reduce((rev, char) => char + rev, '');
}
我希望这对你有所帮助:)
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