前几天我偶然发现了一个不安全的包装,它的功能让我感到惊讶。
当然,这个类是没有记录的,但是我想知道是否有一个很好的理由使用它。可能会出现哪些需要使用它的场景?如何在现实场景中使用它?
此外,如果您确实需要它,这难道不表明您的设计可能存在问题吗?
为什么Java包含这个类?
前几天我偶然发现了一个不安全的包装,它的功能让我感到惊讶。
当然,这个类是没有记录的,但是我想知道是否有一个很好的理由使用它。可能会出现哪些需要使用它的场景?如何在现实场景中使用它?
此外,如果您确实需要它,这难道不表明您的设计可能存在问题吗?
为什么Java包含这个类?
当前回答
为了有效地复制内存(至少对于短块,复制速度比System.arraycopy()快);由Java LZF和Snappy编解码器使用。它们使用'getLong'和'putLong',这比逐字节复制要快;在复制16/32/64字节块时尤其有效。
其他回答
我们使用Unsafe实现了数组、HashMaps、TreeMaps等大型集合。为了避免/最小化碎片,我们使用dlmalloc over unsafe的概念实现内存分配器。这帮助我们获得了并发性方面的性能。
不安全的。允许抛出检查异常而不声明它们。
这在处理反射或AOP的某些情况下非常有用。
假设您为用户定义的接口构建了通用代理。在特殊情况下,用户可以通过在接口中声明异常来指定由实现抛出的异常。这是我所知道的唯一方法,在接口的动态实现中引发一个受控异常。
import org.junit.Test;
/** need to allow forbidden references! */ import sun.misc.Unsafe;
/**
* Demonstrate how to throw an undeclared checked exception.
* This is a hack, because it uses the forbidden Class {@link sun.misc.Unsafe}.
*/
public class ExceptionTest {
/**
* A checked exception.
*/
public static class MyException extends Exception {
private static final long serialVersionUID = 5960664994726581924L;
}
/**
* Throw the Exception.
*/
@SuppressWarnings("restriction")
public static void throwUndeclared() {
getUnsafe().throwException(new MyException());
}
/**
* Return an instance of {@link sun.misc.Unsafe}.
* @return THE instance
*/
@SuppressWarnings("restriction")
private static Unsafe getUnsafe() {
try {
Field singleoneInstanceField = Unsafe.class.getDeclaredField("theUnsafe");
singleoneInstanceField.setAccessible(true);
return (Unsafe) singleoneInstanceField.get(null);
} catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
throw createExceptionForObtainingUnsafe(e);
} catch (SecurityException e) {
throw createExceptionForObtainingUnsafe(e);
} catch (NoSuchFieldException e) {
throw createExceptionForObtainingUnsafe(e);
} catch (IllegalAccessException e) {
throw createExceptionForObtainingUnsafe(e);
}
}
private static RuntimeException createExceptionForObtainingUnsafe(final Throwable cause) {
return new RuntimeException("error while obtaining sun.misc.Unsafe", cause);
}
/**
* scenario: test that an CheckedException {@link MyException} can be thrown
* from an method that not declare it.
*/
@Test(expected = MyException.class)
public void testUnsingUnsaveToThrowCheckedException() {
throwUndeclared();
}
}
堆外集合对于分配大量内存并在使用后立即释放内存而不受GC干扰可能很有用。我基于sun.misc.Unsafe编写了一个用于处理堆外数组/列表的库。
类不安全 用于执行低级、不安全操作的方法的集合。虽然类和所有方法都是公共的,但该类的使用是有限的,因为只有可信代码才能获得它的实例。
它的一种用法是在java.util.concurrent.atomic类中:
AtomicIntegerArray AtomicLongArray
例子
VM "intrinsification." ie CAS (Compare-And-Swap) used in Lock-Free Hash Tables eg:sun.misc.Unsafe.compareAndSwapInt it can make real JNI calls into native code that contains special instructions for CAS read more about CAS here http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Compare-and-swap The sun.misc.Unsafe functionality of the host VM can be used to allocate uninitialized objects and then interpret the constructor invocation as any other method call. One can track the data from the native address.It is possible to retrieve an object’s memory address using the java.lang.Unsafe class, and operate on its fields directly via unsafe get/put methods! Compile time optimizations for JVM. HIgh performance VM using "magic", requiring low-level operations. eg: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jikes_RVM Allocating memory, sun.misc.Unsafe.allocateMemory eg:- DirectByteBuffer constructor internally calls it when ByteBuffer.allocateDirect is invoked Tracing the call stack and replaying with values instantiated by sun.misc.Unsafe, useful for instrumentation sun.misc.Unsafe.arrayBaseOffset and arrayIndexScale can be used to develop arraylets,a technique for efficiently breaking up large arrays into smaller objects to limit the real-time cost of scan, update or move operations on large objects http://robaustin.wikidot.com/how-to-write-to-direct-memory-locations-in-java
更多的参考资料在这里- http://bytescrolls.blogspot.com/2011/04/interesting-uses-of-sunmiscunsafe.html