是否有CSS唯一的方式来设置<select>下拉列表的样式?

我需要尽可能人性化地设置<select>表单的样式,而不需要任何JavaScript。在CSS中,我可以使用哪些财产来执行此操作?

此代码需要与所有主要浏览器兼容:

Internet Explorer 6、7和8Firefox浏览器游猎

我知道我可以用JavaScript实现:示例。

我说的不是简单的造型。我想知道,我们只能用CSS做什么。

我在Stack Overflow上发现了类似的问题。

还有Doctype.com上的这个。


当前回答

这是可能的,但不幸的是,根据开发人员的要求,大多数情况下都是基于WebKit的浏览器。以下是通过内置开发人员工具检查器从Chrome选项面板收集的CSS样式示例,该检查器经过改进以匹配大多数现代浏览器中当前支持的CSS财产:

select {
  -webkit-appearance: button;
  -moz-appearance: button;
  -webkit-user-select: none;
  -moz-user-select: none;
  -webkit-padding-end: 20px;
  -moz-padding-end: 20px;
  -webkit-padding-start: 2px;
  -moz-padding-start: 2px;
  background-color: #F07575; /* Fallback color if gradients are not supported */
  background-image: url(../images/select-arrow.png), -webkit-linear-gradient(top, #E5E5E5, #F4F4F4); /* For Chrome and Safari */
  background-image: url(../images/select-arrow.png), -moz-linear-gradient(top, #E5E5E5, #F4F4F4); /* For old Firefox (3.6 to 15) */
  background-image: url(../images/select-arrow.png), -ms-linear-gradient(top, #E5E5E5, #F4F4F4); /* For pre-releases of Internet Explorer  10*/
  background-image: url(../images/select-arrow.png), -o-linear-gradient(top, #E5E5E5, #F4F4F4); /* For old Opera (11.1 to 12.0) */
  background-image: url(../images/select-arrow.png), linear-gradient(to bottom, #E5E5E5, #F4F4F4); /* Standard syntax; must be last */
  background-position: center right;
  background-repeat: no-repeat;
  border: 1px solid #AAA;
  border-radius: 2px;
  box-shadow: 0px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);
  color: #555;
  font-size: inherit;
  margin: 0;
  overflow: hidden;
  padding-top: 2px;
  padding-bottom: 2px;
  text-overflow: ellipsis;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

当您在基于WebKit的浏览器中的任何页面上运行此代码时,它应该更改选择框的外观,删除标准OS箭头并添加PNG箭头,在标签前后放置一些间距,几乎是您想要的任何内容。

最重要的部分是外观属性,它改变了元素的行为方式。

它在几乎所有基于WebKit的浏览器中都能完美工作,包括移动浏览器,尽管Gecko似乎不像WebKit那样支持外观。

其他回答

我用Bootstrap找到了你的案子。这是最简单的解决方案:

选择表单控件{-moz外观:无;-webkit外观:无;外观:无;背景位置:右中心;背景重复:无重复;背景尺寸:1ex;背景原点:内容框;背景图像:url(“数据:image/svg+xml;base64,PD94bWwgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4wIiBlbbNvZGluZz0iVVRGLTgiIHN0YW5kYWxvbmU9Im5vIj8+CjxzdmcKICAgeG1sbnM6ZGM9Imh0dHA6Ly9wdXJsLm9y9kYy9lbGVtZW50cy8xLjEvIgogICB4bWxuczpjYz0iaHR0cDovL2NyZWF0aXZlY29tbW9ucy5vcmcvbnMjIgogICB4Wxu czpyZGY9Imh0dHA6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzE5OTkvMDIvMjItcmRmLXN5bnRheC1UcyMiCiAgIHhtbG5zOnN2Zz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmicCiAgIHht bG5zPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8yMDAwL3N2ZyIKICAgdmVyc2lvbj0iMS4xIgogICBpZD0ic3ZnMiIKICAgdmlld0JveD0iMCAwIDM1Ljk3MDk4MyAyMy4wOTE1MTgiCiAgIGhlaWdodD0iNi41MTY5Mzk2bW0iCiAgIHdpZHRoPSIxMC4NTE4MTFtbSI+CiAgPGRlZnMKICAgICBpZD0ZGVmczQiIC8+CiAgPG1ldGFkYXRhCiAgICAgaWQ9Im1ldGFkYXRhNyI+CiAgICA8cmRmRmJERj4K ICAgICAgPGNjOldvcmsKICAgICAgICAgcmRmOmFib3V0PSIiPgogICAgIDxkYzpmb3JtYXQ+aW1hZ2Uvc3ZnK3htbDwvZGM6Zm9ybWF0GogICAgICgIDxKYzp0eXBlCiAgICAgICAgICAgcmRmOnJlc291cmNlPSJodHRwOi8vcHVybC5vcmcvZGMvZGNtaXR5cGUvU3RpbGxJbWFnZSIgLz4KICAgICAg ICAgICAc8ZGM6dGl0bGU+PC9kYzp0aXRsZT4KICAgPC9jYzpXb3JrGogICAgPC9 yZGY6UkRGPgogIDwvbWV0YWRhdGE+CiAgPGcKICAgICB0cmFuc2Zvcm09InRyYW5zbGF0ZSgtMjAyLj AxNDUxLC00MDcuMTIyMjUpIgogICAgIGlkPSJsYXllcjEiPgogICAgPHRleHQKICAgICAgIGLKPSJ0ZXh0MzMzNiIKICAgICAgIHk9IjYyOS41MDUwNyIKICAgIHg9IjI5MS40Mjg1NiIKICAgICagIHN0eWxlPSJmb250LXeWxlOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXdlaWdodDpub3JtYWw7Zm9udC1zaXplOjQwcHg7bGluZS1oZlnaHQ6MTI1JTtmb250LWZhbWlseTpzYW5zLXNlcmlmO2xldHRlc1zcGFjaW5nOjBweDt3b3JkLXNwYWpbmc6MHB4O2ZpbGw6IzAwMDAwMDtmaWxsLW9wYWpdHk6MTtzdHJva2U6bm9uZTtzdHJVa2Utd2lkdGg6MXB4O30cm9rZS1saW5lY2FwOmJ1dHQ7c3Ryb2tlLWxpbmVqb2luOm1pdGVyO30cm9 rZS1vcGFjaXR5OjEiCiAgICAgICB4bWw6c3BhY2U9InByZXNlcnZlIj48dHNwYW4KICAgICAgT0iNjI5LjUwNTA3GogICAgICB4PSIyOTEuNDI4NTYiCiAgICAgIGlkPSJ0c3BhbjMzMzgiPjwvdHNwYW4+PC90ZXh0GogICAg PGcKICAgICAgIglkPSJ0ZXh0MzM0MCIKICAgICAgIHN0eWxlPSJmb250LXN0eWXLOm5vcm1hbDtmb250LXZhcmlhbnQ6bm9ybWFsO2ZvbnQtd2VpZ2h0Om5vcm2hbDtmb2 50LXN0cmV0Y2g6bm9yWFsO 2ZvbnQtc2l6ZTo0MHB4O2xpbmUtaGVpZ2h0OjEyNSU7Zm9udC1mYW1pbHk6Rm9udEF3ZXNvbWU7LWlua3NjYXBlLWZvbnqtc3blY2lmaWNhdGlvbjpGb250QXdlc29tZTtsZXR0ZXItc3BhY2luZzowcHg7d29yZC1zcGFjaW5nOjBweDtmaWxsOiMwMDAwMDA7Zmlsbc1vcGFjaXR5OjE7c3 Ryb2tlOm5vbmU7c3 Ryb2tl LXdpZHRojFweDtzdHJva2UtbGluZWNhcDpidXR0O3N0cm9rZS1saW5lam9pbjptaXRlcjtzdHJVa2Utb3BhY2l0eToxIj4KICAgICAgPHBhdGgKICAgICAgICAgaWQ9InBhdGgzMzQ1IggICAgICBzdHls ZT0iZmlsbDojMzMzMz MzO2ZpbGwtb3BhY2l0eToxIggICAgICBkPSJtIDizNy41NjY5Niw0MTMuMjU1MDcgYyAwLjU1ODA0LC0wLjU1OD A0IDAuNTU4MDQsLTEuNDczMjIgMCwtMi4wMzEynSBsIC0zLjcwNTM1LC0zLjY4MzA0IGMgLTauNTU4MDQsLTauNTU4MDQgLTEuNDuwOSwtMC41NTgwNCAtMi4wMDg5MywwIEwgMjIwLDQxOS4zOTM0NiAyMDguMTQ3MzIsNDA3LjU0MDc4IGMgLTAUNTU4MDDMsLTauntU4MDDQgLTeuNDuwodksLTauNTu4MDQgLTEuMDA4OTMsMCBsiC0zLjcw NTM1LDMuNjgzMDQgYyAtMC41NTgwNCwwLjU1ODD AzIC0wLjU1ODA0LDEuNDczMjEgMCwyLjAzMTI1IGwgMTYuNTYyNSwxNi41NDAxNyBjIDAuNTU4MMSC41NTWGNCAxLjQ1MDg5LDAuNTU4MDQgMi4wMDg5MiwwIGwgMTYUNTYyNSSwtMTYuNTQwMTcgeiIgLz4KICAgIDwZz4KICA8L2c+Cjwvc3ZnPgo=“);}<link href=“https://maxcdn.bootstrapcdn.com/bootstrap/3.3.6/css/bootstrap.min.css“rel=”stylesheet“/><section class=“container”><form class=“form horizontal”><select class=“表单控件”><option>一个</option><option>两个</option></选择></form></section>

注意:base64在SVG中是一个V字形。

仅限CSS和HTML的解决方案

它似乎与Chrome、Firefox和Internet Explorer 11兼容。但请留下您对其他网络浏览器的反馈。

正如Danield的回答所建议的那样,我将我的选择包装在一个div中(甚至两个div用于x浏览器兼容性),以获得预期的行为。

看见http://jsfiddle.net/bjap2/

HTML格式:

<div class="sort-options-wrapper">
    <div class="sort-options-wrapper-2">
        <select class="sort-options">
                <option value="choiceOne">choiceOne</option>
                <option value="choiceOne">choiceThree</option>
                <option value="choiceOne">choiceFour</option>
                <option value="choiceFiveLongTestPurpose">choiceFiveLongTestPurpose</option>
        </select>
    </div>
    <div class="search-select-arrow-down"></div>
</div>

注意两个div包装器。

还请注意,添加了额外的div以将箭头向下按钮放置在您喜欢的位置(绝对位置),这里我们将其放在左侧。

CSS

.sort-options-wrapper {
    display: inline-block;
    position: relative;
    border: 1px solid #83837F;
}

/* This second wrapper is needed for x-browser compatibility */
.sort-options-wrapper-2 {
    overflow: hidden;
}

select {
    margin-right: -19px; /* That's what is hiding the default-provided browser arrow */
    padding-left: 13px;
    margin-left: 0;
    border: none;
    background: none;

    /* margin-top & margin-bottom must be set since some
       browsers have default values for select elements */
    margin-bottom: 1px;
    margin-top: 1px;
}

select:focus {
    outline: none; /* Removing default browsers outline on focus */
}
.search-select-arrow-down {
    position: absolute;
    height: 10px;
    width: 12px;
    background: url(http://i.imgur.com/pHIYN06.png) scroll no-repeat 2px 0px;
    left: 1px;
    top: 5px;
}

从InternetExplorer10开始,您可以使用::-ms-expand伪元素选择器来样式和隐藏下拉箭头元素。

select::-ms-expand {
    display:none;
    /* or visibility: hidden; to keep it's space/hitbox */
}

其余的样式应该与其他浏览器类似。

下面是Danield的jsfiddle的一个基本分支,它应用了对IE10的支持

这是一个适用于所有现代浏览器的版本。关键是使用外观:无,这将删除默认格式。由于所有的格式都不存在了,您必须重新添加箭头,以在视觉上区分选择和输入。

工作示例:https://jsfiddle.net/gs2q1c7p/

选择:不([多个]){-webkit外观:无;-moz外观:无;背景位置:右50%;背景重复:无重复;背景图像:url(数据:image/png;base64,iVBORw0KGgoAAAANSUhEUgAAAA4AAAAMCAYAAABSgIzaAAAAGXRFWHRTb2Z0d2FyZQBBZG9iZSBJbWFnZVJlYWR5ccllPAAAAyJpVFh0WE1MOmNvbS5hZG9iZS54bXAAAAAAADw/eHBhY2tldCBiZWdpbj0i77u/IiBpZD0iVzVNME1wQ2VoaUh6cmVTek5UY3prYzlkIj8+IDx4OnhtcG1ldGEgeG1sbnM6eD0iYWRR vYmU6bnM6bWV0YS8IIHg6eG1wdGs9IkFkb2JlIFhNUCBDB3JlIDUuMC1jMDYwIDYxLjEzNDc3NywgMjAxMC8wMi8xMi0xNzozMjowMCAgICAgICAgIj4gPHJkZjpSREYgeG1sbnM6cmRmPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5LzAyLzIyLXJkZi1zeW50YXgtbnMjIj4gPHJkZjpEZXNjcmlwdGlvbiByZGY6YWJvdXQ9IiIgeG1sbeG1wPSJodHwOi8 vbnMuYWRvYmUuY29tL3hhcC8xLjAvIB4bWxuczp4bXBNTT0iaHR0cDovL25zLmFkb2JlLmNvbS94YXAvMS4wL21tLyIgeG1spnM 6c3RSZWY9Imh0dHA6Ly9ucy5hZG9iZS5jb20veGFwLzEuMC9zVHlwZS9ZXNvdXJjZVJlZiMiIHhtcDpDcmVhdG9yVG9vbD0iQWRvYmUgUGhvdG9zaG9wIENTNSBNYWNpbnRvc2giIHhtcE1NOkluc3RhbmNlSUQ9InhtC5paWQ6NDZFNDEWNjlGNzFEMTFMkJEQ0VDRTM1N0RCMzMyMkIiIHhtcE1NOkRvY3VtZW50SUQ9固有C5kaWQ6NDZFND EWNkFGNzFEMTFTFMkJEQ 0VDRTM10RCMz MyMkiPiA8eG1wTU06RGVyaXZlZEZyb20gc3RSZWY6aW5zdGFuY2VJRD0ieG1wLmlpZDo0NkU0MTA2N0Y3MUQxMUUyQkRDRUNFMzU3REIzMzIyQiIgc3RSZ WY6ZG9jdW1lbnJRD0ieG1wLmRpZDo0NkU0MTA2OEY3MUQxMUyQkRDRUNFMzU3REIzMzIyQiIvPiA8L3JkZjpEZXNjcmlwdGlvbj4gPC9yZGY6UkRGPiA8L3g6eG1wbWV0YT4gPD94cGFja2V0IGVuZD0iciI/PuGsgwQAAAA5SURBVHjaYvz//z8DOYCJgUxAf42MQIzTk0D/M+KzkRGPoQSdykiKJrBGpOhgJFYTWNEIiEeAAMAzNENEOH+do8AAAAAASUVORK5CYII=);衬垫:.5cm;右侧填充:1.5em}#我的选择{边框半径:0}<select id=“mySelect”><option>选项1</option><option>选项2</option></选择>

纯交叉浏览器CSS选择控件样式

规则#1:切勿使用JAVASCRIPT来设置HTML元素的样式!

如果JS被禁用或阻止,CSS将崩溃并烧录。始终从纯CSS开始,然后在您喜欢的任何额外“脚本胶”上分层。记住<select>控件(如HTML中的所有表单字段)被替换为元素,这意味着设备上的浏览器和操作系统对控件的设计和布局具有一定的控制权。这就是为什么Windows、苹果和移动设备控件看起来都不同!这是有原因的。

不要用JavaScript或CSS黑客劫持控件设计,除非您觉得UI由于某种原因(如删除选择控件上的箭头)必须进行修改。下面的CSS不这样做。它接受了它可以在选择表单控件中重新设计的核心限制。我仍然会从我干净的CSS解决方案开始,然后在顶部覆盖任何自定义“黑客”。如果它们失败了,那么您的CSS将优雅地退回到一个始终适用于20多年浏览器的全局CSS设计。。。加上未来的!

下面的CSS代码跨浏览器(从1990年代到现在)工作,并将所有浏览器(过去和现在)与相同的基本CSS设计对齐。您可以根据需要自定义此代码。你可以在非常旧的浏览器中测试它,它应该给你一个与现代HTML5浏览器相匹配的外观和感觉,这应该一直是目标。

/* This CSS works in 20+ years of browsers without hacks, scripts, or tricks. */

body optgroup,
body optgroup:visited,
body optgroup:hover,
body optgroup:focus,
body optgroup:active {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    font-style: inherit;
    font-weight: bold;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: #fff;
    border: none;
}

body optgroup:visited,
body optgroup:hover,
body optgroup:focus,
body optgroup:active {
    background: #f9f9ff;
}

body option,
body option:visited,
body option:hover,
body option:focus,
body option:active {
    margin: 0;
    padding: 0;
    cursor: pointer;
    background: #fff;
    border: none;
}
body option:visited,
body option:hover,
body option:focus,
body option:active {
    background: #f9f9ff;
}

body select,
body select:visited,
body select:hover,
body select:focus,
body select:active {
    display: inline-block;
    width: auto;
    height: auto;
    min-width: 0;
    max-width: none;
    padding: .17em .17em;
    margin: 0;
    text-transform: none;
    border-radius: .2em;
    border: 2px solid #bbb;
    background: #fff;
    cursor: pointer;
    -webkit-appearance: listbox;
    -moz-appearance: listbox;
    line-height: normal;
}

body select:visited,
body select:hover,
body select:focus,
body select:active {
    background: #f9f9ff;
    border: 2px solid #999;
}
body select:focus {
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #999;
}

body select:required:visited:valid,
body select:required:valid {
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #7fbe96;
}

body select:required:hover:valid {
    background: #f9f9ff;
    border: 2px solid #278b3d;
}

body select:required:focus:valid {
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #278b3d;
}

body select:required:visited:invalid,
body select:required:invalid {
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #ff6565;
}

body select:required:hover:invalid {
    background: #f9f9ff;
    border: 2px solid #ce2f2f;
}

body select:required:focus:invalid {
    background: #fff;
    border: 2px solid #ce2f2f;
}

body select[disabled],
body select[readonly],
body select[disabled="disabled"],
body select[readonly="readonly"],
body select[disabled]:visited,
body select[readonly]:visited,
body select[disabled="disabled"]:visited,
body select[readonly="readonly"]:visited,
body select[disabled]:hover,
body select[readonly]:hover,
body select[disabled="disabled"]:hover,
body select[readonly="readonly"]:hover,
body select[disabled]:focus,
body select[readonly]:focus,
body select[disabled="disabled"]:focus,
body select[readonly="readonly"]:focus,
body select[disabled]:active,
body select[readonly]:active,
body select[disabled="disabled"]:active,
body select[readonly="readonly"]:active {
    border: 2px solid #bbb;
    background: #f0f0f0;
    color: #999;
    cursor: default !important;
}