你不需要任何java代码。你只需要:

<ImageView
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:scaleType="centerCrop" />

键在width和height的匹配父项中

看一下ImageView。ScaleType来控制和理解在ImageView中发生大小调整的方式。当图像被调整大小时(同时保持其纵横比)，图像的高度或宽度可能会小于ImageView的维度。

Yes, by default Android will scale your image down to fit the ImageView, maintaining the aspect ratio. However, make sure you're setting the image to the ImageView using android:src="..." rather than android:background="...". src= makes it scale the image maintaining aspect ratio, but background= makes it scale and distort the image to make it fit exactly to the size of the ImageView. (You can use a background and a source at the same time though, which can be useful for things like displaying a frame around the main image, using just one ImageView.) You should also see android:adjustViewBounds to make the ImageView resize itself to fit the rescaled image. For example, if you have a rectangular image in what would normally be a square ImageView, adjustViewBounds=true will make it resize the ImageView to be rectangular as well. This then affects how other Views are laid out around the ImageView. Then as Samuh wrote, you can change the way it default scales images using the android:scaleType parameter. By the way, the easiest way to discover how this works would simply have been to experiment a bit yourself! Just remember to look at the layouts in the emulator itself (or an actual phone) as the preview in Eclipse is usually wrong.

我的图像比屏幕小。为了让它按比例拉伸到最大，并在视图中居中，我必须使用以下代码:

<ImageView
    android:id="@+id/my_image"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    android:layout_centerInParent="true"
    android:adjustViewBounds="true"
    android:layout_weight="1"
    android:scaleType="fitCenter" />

记住，如果你有一个相对布局，有一些元素被设置在ImageView的上方或下方，它们很可能会被图像重叠。

如果你想让你的图像占据尽可能大的空间，那么最好的选择是

android:layout_weight="1"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"

如果你想要一个ImageView在保持适当的纵横比的情况下，既能放大又能缩小，把这个添加到你的XML中:

android:adjustViewBounds="true"
android:scaleType="fitCenter"

在代码中添加:

// We need to adjust the height if the width of the bitmap is
// smaller than the view width, otherwise the image will be boxed.
final double viewWidthToBitmapWidthRatio = (double)image.getWidth() / (double)bitmap.getWidth();
image.getLayoutParams().height = (int) (bitmap.getHeight() * viewWidthToBitmapWidthRatio);

我花了一段时间才让它工作，但这似乎在图像小于屏幕宽度和大于屏幕宽度的情况下都可以工作，而且它不会将图像框起来。